【名师伴你行】高考英语一轮复习 Unit1 Greascientists课时作业 新人教版必修5.doc

课时作业(二十一)unit 1great scientists.用所给词的适当形式填空1.we will have a further discussion before we draw a final_(conclude)2.the prime minister is making an important_(announce) at the moment.3.because of the severe_(pollute)，the water in the river is too dirty to drink.4.the student_(absorb) in taking down data.5.the belief that the world is flat is not_(science)6.edison_a lot to the development of the world.i admire his great_.(contribute)7.he tried to_forward，but he could hardly make any_.(move)8.he was_about making predictions for the success of the program，so we responded_to his decision.(cautious)9.many buildings are under_(construct) over there.10.she_(private) told the secret to me and i promised to keep it.答案：1.conclusion2.announcement3.pollution4.is absorbed5.scientific6.contributed; contribution7.move; movement8.cautious; cautiously9.construction10.privately.完成句子1.professor wang said the reason for shortsightedness is complicated and there is still_(没有治疗方法)2.keeping prices from going up too sharply is_(对中国是一个挑战)as well as the whole world.3.water can_(吸收和放出大量热量)without big changes in temperature，thus creating a stable environment.4.the army was welltrained and wellarmed，and had little difficulty_(打败敌人)5._(暴露在阳光下很长时间)will do harm to your skin.6.according to the drivers explanation，it was not his carelessness but the bad road conditions that_(负责任)the accident.7.our carelessness_(导致) some cases in recent days.8.apart from this，we also_(提出) several suggestions.答案：1.no cure for it2.a challenge to china3.absorb and give off a lot of heat4.defeating the enemy5.being exposed to sunlight for too much time6.were to blame for7.contributed to8.put forward.阅读理解(2015贵州高三联合考试)apart from psychological illness，we are all largely responsible for our own emotional health.what we say to ourselves over and over for days，weeks，months，and sometimes years，has a great effect on how we see ourselves.this also contributes to many mental health disorders.many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds，but if youre buried in them and believe them，they could be wearing your sense of selfesteem (自尊)here are a few beliefs that indicate you may need to switch the channel：im not good enough？/i dont deserve.？/no one likes me？/im a failure？negative thoughts remind you of your bad feelings and they bring your focus on your failures，and they get you nowhere.what can you do？here are some suggestions：switch the channel when negative thoughts appear.selftalk is not so obvious that we often dont notice its effect on our mood and belief systems.key things to notice are“if only”or“what if”statements：the former keeps you stuck in the past with regret，while the latter keeps you fearful of the future.there is nothing you can do about the past，and the future isnt here yet，so stay in the present moment.recognize that actions always follow beliefs.youll find yourself behaving in ways that are consistent to your beliefs.so，start believing the best about yourself：act as if you believe that youre a valuable and worthy person.develop positive selftalk rather than negative selftalk.instead of always looking down upon yourself in your head，think of some things you actually like about yourself.what are your strengths？what are you good at？instead of saying“im a loser”，try saying，“i am capable./im good at./i accept myself the way i am.”thinking poorly about ourselves gets us nowhere and is extremely selflimiting.decide today to turn off the negative selftalk channel in your mind and develop your true potential.语篇导读：文章主要告诉大家抛弃消极的思想，培养积极的思想。1.from the first two paragraphs we can learn that_.alots of people have no sense of selfesteembfocusing on negative thoughts may have bad effect on peoplecnegative thoughts will strengthen our sense of selfesteemdfew people have negative thoughts and mental problems答案：b解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“what we say to ourselves.has a great effect on how we see ourselves.this also contributes to many mental health disorders.”以及第二段中的“many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds”可以判断出，消极的思想会对人产生不利的影响，故答案为b。2.the underlined word“wearing”in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to“_”astrengthening bprotectingcweakening dreplacing答案：c解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的内容可知，这里指的是消极的思想可能会减弱人们的自尊感。故wearing在此与weakening的意思最接近，表示“减弱”。3.what do the suggestions in the text tell us？aour beliefs always come after actions.bpositive selftalk does good to our mental health.clooking down upon ourselves is a sign of modesty.d“what if”keeps you stuck in the past with regret.答案：b解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后四段的内容可推知，积极的自我暗示对我们的心理有益，故b项正确。4.this text is most likely to appear in_.aa recreation guide ba medical journalca science textbook da travel brochure答案：b解析：文章出处题。由于本文主要说明的是消极思想和积极思想对人们所产生的影响，故本文最有可能出现在医学杂志上，选b。.完形填空(2015赤峰一中一模)one day，a kind woman happened to say something that hurt her best friend of many years.she_1_immediately and would do anything to take the words back.what she said hurt the friend so_2_that this good woman was herself hurt for the_3_she caused.in an effort to undo what she had done，she went to an older，wiser woman in the village，explained her_4_，and asked for advice. listening to her，the older woman sensed the younger womans worry and knew she must_5_her.she also knew she could never_6_her pain，but she could teach.she knew the outcome would only_7_the character of the younger woman.she said，“tonight，_8_your best feather pillows and put a single feather on the_9_of each house in town before the sun rises.”the young woman hurried home to prepare for it，_10_the feather pillows were very dear to her._11_，she labored alone in the cold.finally the sky was getting_12_.she placed the last feather on the steps of the last house.just as the sun rose，she_13_to the older woman.“now，”said the wise woman，“go back and_14_your pillows with the feather you have put on the steps._15_everything will be as it was before.”“you know thats impossible！the wind_16_away each feather as fast as i placed them on the doorsteps！”the young woman was surprised.“thats_17_，”said the older woman.“never forget.each of your_18_is like a feather in the wind.once spoken，no amount of_19_，no matter how heartfelt or sincere，can return them to your_20_.choose your words well and，most of all，guard them in the presence of those you love.”语篇导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。说出去的话就像泼出去的水，不管我们做什么样的努力，都是无法收回的。所以我们在说话之前一定要学会三思而后言。1.areplied bforgotclaughed dregretted答案：d解析：根据下文“would do anything to take the words back”可知，她感到后悔，故答案选d“后悔，遗憾”。a“答复”；b“忘记”；c“笑，嘲笑”。2.adeeply bslightlyclittle dstraight答案：a解析：根据下文“was herself hurt”可知，此处表示把她朋友伤得很深，故答案选a“深深地”。b“轻微地”；c“几乎没有”；d“直接地”。3.ablank bintentioncpain dmess答案：c解析：根据文章第一句中“hurt her best friend of many years”可知，此处指她说错话，给朋友造成的伤害，故答案选c“伤害，痛苦”。a“空白”；b“意图，打算”；d“困境，麻烦”。4.alecture bsituationcshortcomings dposition答案：b解析：根据上文可知，她将她目前的处境(situation)说给了这位智者。a“演讲，说教”；b“处境，情形”；c“缺点”；d“位置，职位”。故答案选b。5.ahelp bscoldcpraise dpunish答案：a解析：根据上文可知，年轻的女人是向智者来求助的，这位智者感觉到她的担忧并且知道必须去帮助她。故答案选a“帮助”。b“责骂”；c“表扬”；d“惩罚”。6.afeel bresistcremove dfind答案：c解析：根据下文可知，说出去的话不能收回，所以造成的伤害也就无法挽回。此处与文章最后一段中“no matter how.can return them.”相照应。故答案选c“去除”。7.acontribute to bfocus oncdepend on drecover from答案：c解析：尽管这位智者知道不能帮助这个女人消除内心的痛苦，但她还是决定去教她一个道理，而这个女人是否会接受这个道理取决于她的性格，故答案选c“依靠，取决于”。a“捐献，有助于”；b“专注于”；d“从中恢复”。8.ashow bhidecthrow dtake答案：d解析：根据下文可知，这个女人拿着枕头将里面的羽毛放在每户人家的台阶上。由此可知，答案选d“拿着，带着”。a“出示”；b“藏起来”；c“扔掉”。9.aroof bstepcwall dmailbox答案：b解析：此处与下文第三段中“she placed the last feather on the steps of the last house.”相照应。故答案选b“台阶”。10.aas though beven thoughcin case dso long as答案：b解析：根据语境可知，前后两句话之间是让步关系，故答案选b“尽管”。a“似乎，好像”；c“万一”；d“只要”。11.aworse still bas a matter of factcthe following day dall night long答案：d解析：根据下文“finally the sky.”可知，此处指她忙了整个晚上，故答案选d。此处与上文中的“tonight”及下文中“the sky was getting.”“just as the sun rose”相照应。a“更糟糕的是”；b“实际上”；c“第二天”。12.alight bdarkcsnowy dcloudy答案：a解析：根据下文“just as the sun rose”可知，此处指天快亮了，故答案选a。13.aappealed breturnedcwaved dnodded答案：b解析：根据语境可知，完成智者交代的事后她来见智者，故答案选b“返回”。a“上诉，呼吁”；c“挥手”；d“点头”。14.asew bdecoratecrefill dpreserve答案：c解析：根据下段内容可知，智者让她将羽毛重新装入枕头，故答案选c“重新装入”。a“缝纫”；b“装饰”；d“保存，预定”。15.abesides borcinstead dthen答案：d解析：句意：然后一切就会回到之前的样子了。前后句为承接关系，故答案选d。16.ablew bgavecput ddrove答案：a解析：根据语境可知，此处指风会把羽毛吹走，故答案选a“吹风”。17.aawesome belegantcwonderful dtrue答案：d解析：根据语境可知，此处指她说得没错，故答案选d“正确的”。18.awords bfriendscpromises dexpectations答案：a解析：根据下文中“once spoken”可知，此处指所说的话，故答案选a“言语”。19.aappetite beffortcidea djoke答案：b解析：句意：说出去的话，无论你做多少努力，无论你多么情真意切，都无法收回。a“食欲，欲望”；b“努力”；c“想法”；d“笑话”。由语境可知，答案选b。20.aears beyescmouth dface答案：c解析：本句话的主语应是“each of your words”，所以根据“return”可知，此处指“说出去的话，永远也收不回来”。故答案选c。.语法填空there was once a king who adored music so much_1_he searched the world for the best instrument there was.one day，a wizard offered the king a harp(竖琴)the king took it to the palace，_2_when he started playing it the harp was out of tune.many other musicians tried it，and they agreed that the harp was_3_(use) and the king had been deceived.the harp was thrown out as rubbish.a poor little girl_4_(late) found the harp，and even though she didnt know how to play，she decided_5_(have)a go.she played and played，the whole day through，for months and years，always_6_the harp out of tune，but she played better and better.then one day，_7_(sudden)，the harp started to play the most beautiful melodies.it was a magic harp，and could only be played well by those willing to put_8_the necessary interest and effort.the king_9_(hear)the music from his window，and summoned the girl to the palace.when the king saw the girl play he was filled with joy.at that moment he made the girl his own private_10_(music)，giving her vast riches.语篇导读：从前，有个国王非常喜欢音乐，他搜遍全世界要找到最好的乐器。一天，巫师给他送来一把竖琴1.答案：that解析：考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，此处是“so.that.”句型。2.答案：but解析：考查并列连词。此处表示语意的转折，因此填but。3.答案：useless解析：考查形容词。此处表示很多其他的乐师弹了这把竖琴，他们一致认为这把竖琴是无用的。结合句意可知空白处填useless。4.答案：later解析：考查副词。后来一个贫穷的小姑娘捡到了这把竖琴，尽管她不知道如何演奏，但她决定试试。结合句意可知此处填later。5.答案：to have解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是decide to do sth.结构。6.答案：with解析：考查介词。此处“with the harp out of tune”为with复合结构，由“with名词介词短语”构成，在句中作状语，表示伴随状况。7.答案：suddenly解析：考查副词。副词suddenly作状语，修饰整个句子。8.答案：in解析：考查介词。这是一把有魔力的竖琴，只有那些愿意投入必要的兴趣和努力的人才能弹出美妙的乐曲。词组put in意为“投入(时间、心思等)”。9.答案：heard解析：考查时态。整篇文章为一般过去时，空白处为谓语动词，因此填heard。10.答案：musician解析：考查词形转换。此处表示国王让这个女孩成为他的私人乐师，空白处填名词musician“音乐家，乐师”，在句中作宾语补足语。.短文改错(2015河南洛阳统考)im very grateful to my parents.they not only gave me life，but also brought me up with endless love and support，feel so proud of my every improvements.i still remembered once i was seriously ill，they were so worrying and almost kept me companied the whole night.now im grade 3.lucky for me，my parents can understand my stressful condition but often communicate with me with encouraging words.furthermore，they give me enough personal space，which i appreciate it so much.what i should do now are study hard.when i grow up，i will become an useful person and make my parents live a happy life.答案：im very grateful to my parents.they not only gave me life，but also brought me up with endless love and support， so proud of my every .i still once i was seriously ill，they were so and almost kept me companied the whole night.now im grade 3. for me，my p