xx年10月全国高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题.doc

xx年10月全国高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题 课程代码：00830 。Directions：Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestpletesthestatementandputtheletterA，B，CorDinthebrackets.（2%10=20%） 1.Chomskyusestheterm（）torefertotheactualrealizationofalanguageusersknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinlinguisticmunication. A.langueB.petence C.paroleD.performance 2.Intermsoftheplaceofarticulation，thefollowingsoundstdsznsharethefeatureof（）。 A.palatalB.alveolar C.bilabialD.dental 3.TransformationalGenerativeGrammarwasintroducedby（）in1957. A.L.BloomfieldB.F.Saussure C.N.ChomskyD.M.A.K.Halliday 4.Naturallanguagesareviewedtovaryaordingto（）setonUGprinciplestoparticularvalues. A.AdjacentConditionB.parameters C.CaseConditionD.Caserequirement 5.Synonymsareclassifiedintoseveralkinds.Thekindtowhich“girl”and“lass”belongiscalled（）synonyms. A.stylisticB.dialectal C.emotiveD.collocational 6.Theillocutionarypointof（）istoexpressthepsychologicalstatespecifiedintheutterance. A.representativesB.missives C.expressivesD.declaratives 7.ModernEnglishwordsman，woman，child，eat，fight，ect.originatefrom（）。 A.MiddleEnglishB.OldEnglish C.FrenchD.NormanFrench 8.Inadiglossiccountry，thetwodiglossicformsofalanguagearegenerallytwovarietiesofthesamelanguage，buttherearesituationsinwhichtheH-varietymayhaveno（）relationshipwiththeL-variety. A.geicB.social C.directD.close 9.Manyaphasicsdonotshowtotallanguageloss.Rather，differentaspectsoflanguageareimpaired.Aphasicsin（）arearevealword-findingdifficultiesandproblemswithsyntax. A.WernikersB.visual C.motorD.Brocas 10.（）motivationourswhenthelearnerdesirestolearnasecondlanguageinordertomunicatewithnativespeakersofthetargetlanguage. A.InstrumentalB.Functional C.IntegrativeD.Social 。Directions：Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword，thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinONEwordonly，andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.（110=10） 11.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse，itissaidtobe d. 12.Stops，fricatives，affricates，liquids，andglidesallhavesomedegreeofoandarethereforeconsonants. 13.Misthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage. 14.Aisthemovementofanauxiliaryverbtothesentence-initialposition，suchas“be”，“have”，“do”etc. 15.Riswhatalinguisticformreferstointherealworld；itisamatteroftherelationshipbetweenformandthereality. 16.InAustinsearlyspeechacttheory，cwerestatementsthateitherstateordescribe，andwerethusverifiable. 17.Intheprocessoffirstlanguageacquisition，childrenusuallyconstructtheirpersonalgrammars，andtheirlanguagedevelopsinstagesuntilitathegrammaticalrulesoftheadultlanguage. 18.Asmunityisonegroup，allofwhosememberssharethesamelanguageoratleastasinglelanguagevariety. 19.Peoplemaymunicatetheirfeelingsorthoughtsviansignalssuchasfacialexpressions，gestures，postures，orproxemicspace. 20.Althoughthedevelopmentofamunicativesystemisnotuniquetohumanbeings，thenaturalacquisitionoflasasystemofhighlyabstractrulesandregulationsforcreativemunicationiswhatdistinguisheshumansfromallotheranimalspecies. 。Directions：Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse，youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.（210=20） 21.（）Thewritingsystemofalanguageisalwaysalaterinventionusedtorecordspeech；thustherearestillmanylanguagesintodaysworldthatcanonlybespoken，butnotwritten. 22.（）Insuchsoundbinationsas/bi：p/，/geip/and/su：p/，thevoicelessstop/p/，ourringinthefinalposition，isunaspirated，nouncedwiththestrongpuffofairwithheldtosomeextent. 23.（）Thepartofspeechofthepoundisalwaysdeterminedbythepartofspeechofthesecondelement，withoutexception. 24.（）Therelationshipbetweentheembeddedclauseanditsmatrixclauseisoneofaparttothewhole. 25.（）Thecontextualistviewofmeaningholdsthatmeaningshouldbestudiedintermsofthesituationalcontextandlinguisticcontext. 26.（）Searlesclassificationofillocutionaryactsisbasedontheclassificationofperformativeverbs. 27.（）Onekindoflanguagechangeresultsinanincreaseofthenumberofexceptionalorirregularmorphemes.Thiskindofchangehasbeencalledinternalborrowingthatis，we“borrow”fromonepartofthegrammarandapplytherulegenerally. 28.（）Therearedifferencesinthewaypeopleofvariousagecategoriesspeak.Thedifferencesmosteasilynotedbythelaymanarelikelytobegrammaticalinnature. 29.（）Thelefthemisphereofthebrainissuperiortotherighthemispherebecausethelefthemisphereislanguage-dominant. 30（）AchildborntoaChineseorEnglishspeakingfamilytakesaboutthesamenumberofyearstoacquiretheirnativetongue，regardlessoftheirgeneralintelligence. 。Directions：Explainthefollowingterms，usingoneortwoexamplesforillustration.（310=30） 31.assimilationrule 32.root 33.boundmorphemes 34.surfacestructure 35.grammaticality 36.elaboration 37.bilingualism 38.creole 39.theSapir-Whorfhypothesis 40.fossilization 。Answerthefollowingquestions.（102=20） 41.Thephonologicalfeaturesthatourabovethelevelofindividual