【备考 志鸿优化设计】（湖南专用）中考英语总复习 专题八 动词的分类（语法专项突破+系统梳理+提升演练）（含解析） 人教新目标版 (2).doc

语法专项突破专题八动词的分类动词是表示动作或状态的词。动词在句子中充当谓语，用来说明主语是什么或做什么。考点一行为动词行为动词又叫实义动词，按照其后是否能跟宾语分为及物动词和不及物动词。1及物动词及物动词就是后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词。如love，need，want，ask，have，help，teach，make等。i love my mother.我爱我的母亲。2不及物动词（1）不及物动词本身意义完整，其后不必跟宾语。如come，go，run，travel，listen，swim，live，work等。his dog died last night.昨晚他的狗死了。（2）如果需要带宾语，则不及物动词需要跟适当的介词连用。look at the blackboard.看黑板。考点二系动词系动词不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。常用的系动词分类如下：分类例词例句be动词am，is，are，was，wereim a girl with short hair.我是一个留着短发的女孩。感官类look，sound，smell，taste，feelhis plan sounds good.他的计划听起来很好。变化类become，get，grow，go，turntrees turn green in spring.树在春天变绿。状态类keep，stay，remain等the shop stays open till 8 pm.商店一直营业到晚上8点。考点三助动词助动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和别的动词一起构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等特征，帮助构成否定、疑问、强调、省略等。主要的助动词有be，do，have，shall，will等。分类作用beam/is/are现在分词现在进行时was/were现在分词过去进行时be过去分词被动语态do形式有do，does，did用于构成疑问句和否定句，或用在动词前加强语气。havehave/has过去分词现在完成时had过去分词过去完成时have/hasbeen现在分词现在完成进行时will/shallwill/shall动词原形一般将来时would/should动词原形过去将来时考点四情态动词原形与过去式用法含义例句cancould表示能力（be able to）能；会tom can swim.tom is able to swim. 汤姆会游泳。（疑问句中）表示请求可以can i help you？我能帮助你吗？could you give us some advice?你可以给我们一些建议吗？（否定句、疑问句中）表示可能性can可能cant不可能can the news be true?这消息是真的吗？the boy cant be jim.hes much taller.那个男孩不可能是吉姆，他高得多。maymight表示可能性（可与maybe互换）可能tony may know the way.maybe tony knows the way.托尼可能知道路。表示客气地请求可以may i come in?我可以进来吗？表示祝愿祝may you be happy.祝你快乐。must表示义务、命令或要求必须we must tell the truth to our parents.我们必须告诉父母真相。表示肯定的猜测（否定猜测用cant）一定lisa must be at home.（推测现在的状况）丽莎一定在家。you must be kidding.（推测现在正在发生）你一定是在开玩笑。they must have seen the movie.（推测过去的状况）他们一定看过这部电影。shallshouldshall.？用于第一人称，表示提建议或请求好吗shall we ask the teacher for help?我们可以向老师求助吗？should用于各种人称，强调义务或责任应该students shouldnt have long hair.学生不应该留长发。willwould用于第二人称，疑问句中表示征求意见或提建议愿意will/would you please take out the trash?你可以把垃圾拿出去吗？will用于各种人称，表示意愿your parents will try their best to help you.你的父母将会尽力帮助你。1（2012 湖南湘潭中考，27）must we finish our homework now?no，you _.aneedntbmustntccant2（2012湖南岳阳中考，24）who is that?it _ be shirly.only she is in red today.acould bmay cmust3（2012湖南常德中考，25）in competition，as in life，you _ not always win.amay bshall cmust4（2012湖南邵阳中考，24）how much is your iphone 4?i _ 4,500 yuan on it.acost bspent cpaid5（2012湖南邵阳中考，27）lily，can you drive this new kind of car?no，i _.acant bshouldnt cmustnt6（2012湖南永州中考，28）what are you doing?im _ my english book.alooking blooking for clooking after7（2012湖南郴州中考，26）jack didnt pass the exam and he is upset these days.yeah.lets _.adress him up bcheer him up cpick him up 8（2012湖南常德中考，22）have you ever been to zhangjiajie?yes，i _.ado bhave cwas 9（2012湖南衡阳中考，34）david，is that man your headmaster?it _ be him.hes having a meeting.amustnt bcant cwont 10（2012湖南郴州中考，25）it is said that this kind of tofu smells terrible.thats true.but it _ delicious.afeels bsounds ctastes11（2012 贵州遵义中考，36）after lunch she _ the dishes and went out quickly.atook off btook away ctook after 12（2012 福建宁德中考，30）where does mary usually_ books?from the library.abuy bread cborrow13（2012福建泉州中考，35）is that girl in red sally?no，it_ her.she has gone to hong kong.amay be bmust be ccant be14（2012广西柳州中考，42）_ your coat，please.its cold today.aput on blook at cget in15you shouldnt _ your hope.everything will be better.agive up bfix up ccheer up16（2012 贵州遵义中考，30）i cant stop playing computer games.for your eyes，my boy，im afraid you _.acan bmay chave to17what do you think of the cake?i like it very much.it tastes _.agood bterrible cwell18what is mum cooking in the kitchen?fish，i guess.how nice it _.alooks bsounds csmells19could you show me how to _ the new recorder?aoperate blisten clook20sally，_ your sunglasses.the sun is so bright.aput up bput on cput away参考答案 专题八动词的分类专题提升演练1amust引导的一般疑问句作否定回答用neednt，故选a项。2c由答语“今天只有她穿红色的衣服。”可知那个人一定是雪莉，故选c项。3amay表示推测时，用于否定句时表示“可能不”。4bspend.on.“在花费”。5acan引导的一般疑问句用can作答。6blook“看”；look for“寻找”；look after“照看”。由题意可知其正在找英语课本，故选b项。7bcheer sb.up“使某人振作起来”；dress sb.up“打扮某人”；pick sb.up“顺便捎着某人”。由上一句“他这些日子非常沮丧”可知答案为b项。8b在现在完成时中助动词为have或has，其引导的一般疑问句用have或has作答。9b由“他正在开会”可知那个人不可能是校长，故选b项。10cfeel“感觉起来”；sound“听起来”；taste“尝起来”。由题意可知答案为c项。11b句意：午饭后她拿起盘子，迅速出去了。take off“脱下”；take away“带走，拿走”；take after“长得像”。由题意可知答案为b项。12cborrow.from.“从借”。13c由答语“她去香港了。”可知她不可能是萨莉。故选c项。14a句意：请穿上你的上衣。今天很冷。put on“穿上”，故选a项。15a不应该放弃希望，give up“放弃”。16c由题意可知为了眼