【志鸿优化设计】高中英语 第二十三单元 Conflict过关检测 北师大版选修8(1).doc

第二十三单元过关检测.单项填空(共15小题;每题1分,共15分)1.the state council has a new economic policy on the benefits of the farmers.a.put onb.put forwardc.put offd.put out提示:句意为:“国会提出了一项对农民有益的新的经济政策。”故本题应选b项“提出”。put on“穿上”;put off“推迟”;put out“出版,熄灭”。答案:b2.the two brothers are always arguing and neither of them will .a.give inb.give backc.give offd.give out提示:give in“屈服,让步”;give back“归还”;give off“发出,放出”;give out“用完,耗尽”。由句意可知本题应选a项。答案:a3.how did it that you made such a silly mistake?i myself havent figured it out yet.a.bring aboutb.come aboutc.come acrossd.come on提示:问句意为:“你怎么会犯这样愚蠢的错误呢?”bring about“引起”;come about“发生”;come across“偶遇”;come on表催促或鼓励。答案:b4.oh,doctor,the wound on my leg is infected.you really shouldnt have left it to the sun.a.discoveredb.exposedc.openedd.buried提示:答语句意为:“你真的本不应该把它暴露在太阳下的。”discover“发现”;open“打开”;bury“埋”;expose“暴露”,符合题意。答案:b5.not only her handbag but also hurt badly.a.she lost;she wasb.did she lose;was shec.she lost;was shed.did she lose;she was提示:句意为:“她不但丢了手提包而且伤得很严重。”not only.but also连接两个分句,且not only位于句首时,其后的句子要用部分倒装,but also后的句子则不用。答案:d6.a local newspaper that crime was on the decrease.a.saidb.spokec.referredd.remarked提示:句意为:“一家地方报纸评论说犯罪案件在减少。”remark“谈到,评论”。say“说”,指用语言表达;speak“说话;讲某种语言”;refer to“提到”。答案:d7.practising chinese kungfu can not only ones strength,but also develop ones character.a.bring upb.take upc.build upd.pull up提示:句意为:“练中国功夫不仅能增强人的力量,还能培养人的性格。”build up ones strength“增强某人的力量”。答案:c8.guess what!i have got an a for my term paper.great!you read widely and put a lot of work into it.a.mustb.shouldc.must haved.should have提示:本题考查情态动词。第一句中说话人现在已经得了“a”,因此答话人的推测是对过去的推测,即“你(过去)一定广泛阅读并做了大量工作”;再从语气上看,这里是一种近乎肯定的推断,因此用语气最强的must,答案为c项。答案:c9.they consider it almost a crime to expose children violence on tv.a.inb.underc.belowd.to提示:句意为:“他们认为让儿童接触暴力电视节目几乎是一种犯罪行为。”expose.to“把暴露在”,是固定搭配。答案:d10.to make members of a team perform better,the trainer first of all has to know their and weaknesses.a.strengthsb.benefitsc.techniquesd.values提示:strengths and weaknesses表示“长处与不足”,strength表示“优点,长处”。benefit“好处,益处”;technique“技巧”;value“价值”。答案:a11.according to news reports personal of guns in the usa causes a lot of trouble.a.wealthb.possessionc.matterd.problem提示:由句意可知此处用b项表示“持有,拥有”。wealth“财富”;matter“事情”;problem“问题”。答案:b12.he managed to reach the summit of his career,but it was at the of his health.a.consumptionb.creditc.exhaustiond.expense提示:句意为:“他努力达到了事业的顶峰,但这是付出了健康的代价。”consumption“消费”;credit“信誉,信用”;exhaustion“耗尽”;expense“代价,费用”。at the expense of是固定搭配,意为“以为代价”。答案:d13.he articles for our wall-newspaper these three years,and he about forty articles.a.has been writing;has writtenb.has been writing;wrotec.is writing;has been writingd.has written;has written提示:句意为:“这三年来他一直为我们的墙报写文章,而且他已经写了大约40篇文章了。”由these three years及句意可知第一个空格处为现在完成进行时态,故排除c、d两项;而他已经写了大约40篇文章,应用现在完成时态,故排除b项。答案:a14.it was he finished his essay.a.until last night whenb.not until last night thatc.not until last night whend.until last night that提示:此句为强调句型,强调时间状语。原句为:he didnt finish his essay until last night.答案:b15.dont promise anything you are one hundred percent sure.a.whetherb.afterc.howd.unless提示:句意为:“除非你有百分之百的把握,否则不要许诺任何事”。此处用unless表示“除非,如果不”。答案:d.完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分,共30分)the terrible fights that took place in the house down the street were talked about in marianne and kevin naslunds neighbourhood.“everyone heard the 16,”says marianne.during one particularly terrible fight in february 2008,the 16-year-old son of the people in that house,andy,was 17 by his stepfather.watching police cars crowding the street,marianne 18 that she had to help andy before he ran away or became a person who 19 drugs and alcohol for comfort.a few days later,she 20 andy a spot on her living-room couch(长沙发).andy,who knew mariannes sons,nick,then 15,and jake,then 13,accepted.no one understood 21 marianne would take in a troublesome teenager like andy.at the local high school,he either slept through classes or made them a 22 for teachers.surprisingly,her children understood.“sometimes andy 23 be a threat to me,”says jake,“but when i thought about the future he would 24 if we turned him away,i knew my mother did the right thing.”it wasnt 25.for andy,moving in with the naslunds was like entering a foreign country.“i was used to getting screamed at if i 26 messed up,so i was kind of waiting for that,”he says.but the day he was driven from high school for fighting,the screaming never came.27,marianne calmly asked why hed done it and listened to andys 28.“i dont want to let her down,”says andy.“i didnt get into another 29 for the rest of high school.”two years later,he volunteered to coach youth soccer,and in 2010 30 on time from high school.“if i hadnt moved in with the naslunds,i 31 would have dropped out,”andy says.now,after four years,marianne calls andy her third 32.he has had no 33 with his mum and stepfather since moving out,even though they still 34 in the neighborhood and say theyre pleased with how their son has turned out.andy,who recently joined the navy at age 19,35 where hes heading when he comes home on leave.16.a.sayingb.yellingc.warningd.whispering提示:根据下文.one particularly terrible fight可知,这次打架特别严重,因此众人都听到了他们的喊叫声。saying“谚语,格言”;yelling“大喊”;warning“警告”;whispering“嘀咕声”。答案:b17.a.hitb.blamedc.scoldedd.discouraged提示:根据上下文提供的语境得出,andy是被继父打了。be hit by“被打了”,其他选项不符合语境。blame“责备”;scold“责骂”;discourage“使泄气”。答案:a18.a.pretendedb.followedc.doubtedd.realised提示:下文提到marianne收留了andy,此处指marianne认识到了帮助andy的必要性。realise“认识到”;pretend“假装”;follow“跟随”;doubt“怀疑”。答案:d19.a.turned onb.turned inc.turned tod.turned up提示:根据上文可知此处指为了避免andy离家出走,成为一个求助于毒品和酒来寻找安慰的人。turn to“求助于”;turn on“打开”;turn in“上交,归还”;turn up“到场,出现”。答案:c20.a.sentb.offeredc.seizedd.left提示:根据下文得知,andy接受了帮助。由此得出marianne是主动提出为andy提供住处。offer“提供”;send“发送”;seize“夺取;占据”;leave“留下”。答案:b21.a.whyb.howc.whered.when提示:由上文得知,没人理解为何marianne接纳一个问题少年。why“为什么”;how“如何”;where“哪里”;when“什么时候”。答案:a22.a.pleasureb.surprisec.joked.nightmare提示:andy是个问题少年,前面说他上课睡觉,所以下文肯定也是不好的表现,不睡觉就捣乱。nightmare“噩梦”;pleasure“快乐”;surprise“惊奇”;joke“玩笑”。答案:d23.a.mustb.couldc.wouldd.should提示:marianne的儿子jake承认andy有时会成为他的一个威胁。could此处的意思是“有时会,可能会”。must“必须”;would“愿意”;should“应该”。答案:b24.a.makeb.predictc.designd.face提示:jake一想到andy还要面对的未来,认为他妈妈做的是对的,不能把他打发走。face“面对”;make“做,制作”;predict“预计,预料”;design“设计,计划”。答案:d25.a.ordinaryb.normalc.easyd.difficult提示:andy进入marianne的家就像到了一个陌生的国家。由此得知,住在marianne家对andy来说并不容易。easy“容易的”;ordinary“普通的”;normal“正常的”;difficult“困难的”。答案:c26.a.everb.yetc.evend.never提示:andy过去已经习惯了自己弄糟事情后被责骂。ever此处的意思是“曾经”。yet“已经”,常用于否定句;even“甚至”;never“从来不”。答案:a27.a.insteadb.thoughc.fortunatelyd.therefore提示:以前做错事会挨骂,而marianne却平静地问他为什么这样做。上下句存在转折关系。instead“反而”;though“尽管”;fortunately“幸运的是”;therefore“因此”。答案:a28.a.introductionb.explanationc.remarkd.background提示:根据上文,marianne平静地问他为什么这样做,下文应该是听他的解释。explanation“解释”;introduction“介绍;引言”;remark“评论”;background“背景;经历”。答案:b29.a.defeatb.unionc.fightd.connection提示:上文提到andy因为打架被赶回家,所以这里说,在剩下的高中日子里,他再也没有打架。fight“打架”;defeat“战败;失败”;union“联盟;工会”;connection“关系;联系”。答案:c30.a.discoveredb.combinedc.escapedd.graduated提示:由下文的on time from high school得出,此处应该是“毕业”。graduate“毕业”;discover“发现;找到”;combine“结合”;escape“逃脱”。答案:d31.a.unlikelyb.usuallyc.probablyd.entirely提示:andy觉得要不是跟marianne一家在一起,他可能就辍学了。此处用了虚拟语气,表示一种假设。probably“很可能”;unlikely“不大可能”;usually“通常”;entirely“彻底地”。答案:c32.a.sonb.partnerc.daughterd.enemy提示:marianne家有两个儿子,因此andy就成了她家的第三个儿子。son“儿子”;partner“搭档;伙伴”;daughter“女儿”;enemy“敌人”。答案:a33.a.respectb.experiencec.problemd.contact提示:自从andy搬出来之后,再也没跟他原来的母亲和继父有什么接触和联系。have no contact with“与没有联系”。respect“尊敬”;experience“经历;阅历”;problem“问题”。答案:d34.a.stayb.livec.wanderd.hide提示:andy的父母仍然住在原来的街区。live表示“长期居住、生活”。stay表示短暂的“逗留”;wander“徘徊”;hide“躲藏”。答案:b35.a.knowsb.puzzlesc.determinesd.hesitates提示:andy已经把marianne的家当成自己的家了,所以,当休假回家的时候,知道该向哪里走。know“知道”;puzzle“迷惑”;determine“决定”;hesitate“犹豫”。答案:a.阅读理解(共10小题;每题2分,共20分)a(2012浙江,c)two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever,even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started.such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country.in fact,according to an official report on youth violence,“in our country today,the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment,but the terrible reality of violence”.given that this is the case,why arent students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems,drive cars,or stay physically fit?first of all,students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable.a report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult(侮辱).for example,a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime.laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults,which in turn can lead to violence.the problem isnt in the sandwich,but in the way students deal with the conflict.once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable,they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution(解决):stay calm.once the student feels calmer,he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well.rude words,name-calling,and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire.on the other hand,soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.after both sides have calmed down,they can use another key strategy(策略) for conflict resolution:listening.listening allows the two sides to understand each other.one person should describe his or her side,and the other person should listen without interrupting.afterward,the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speakers position.then the two people should change roles.finally,students need to consider what they are hearing.this doesnt mean trying to figure out whats wrong with the other person.it means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish.for example,a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things.students need to ask themselves questions such as these:how did this start?what do i really want?what am i afraid of?as the issue becomes clearer,the conflict often simply becomes smaller.even if it doesnt,careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.there will always be conflict in schools,but that doesnt mean there needs to be violence.after students in atlanta started a conflict resolution program,according to educators for social responsibility,“64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom;75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation;and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”.learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends,teachers,parents,bosses,and coworkers.in that way,conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.36.this article is mainly about .a.the lives of school childrenb.the cause of arguments in schoolsc.how to analyze youth violenced.how to deal with school conflicts提示:主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要论述的是如何解决校园里发生的矛盾和冲突的问题。答案:d37.from paragraph 2 we can learn that .a.violence is more likely to occur at lunchtimeb.a small conflict can lead to violencec.students tend to lose their temper easilyd.the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight提示:细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及该段所举的例子可知,很小的一件冲突可能会演变成一次暴力事件。答案:b38.why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in paragraph 5?a.to find out who is to blame.b.to get ready to try new things.c.to make clear what the real issue is.d.to figure out how to stop the shouting match.提示:细节理解题。根据第五段第三句和该段倒数第二句可知,学生们问完自己这几个问题,可能就会搞清楚真正的问题是什么。答案:c39.after the conflict resolution program was started in atlanta,it was found that .a.there was a decrease in classroom violenceb.there was less student cooperation in the classroomc.more teachers felt better about themselves in schoolsd.the teacher-student relationship greatly improved提示:细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知,自从实施了矛盾冲突的解决方案以后,亚特兰大的校园暴力事件呈现下降的趋势。答案:a40.the writers purpose for writing this article is to .a.complain about problems in school educationb.teach students different strategies for school lifec.advocate teaching conflict management in schoolsd.inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence提示:推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可以推断,作者写这篇文章的目的是为了倡导人们教给学生如何处理学校冲突问题。答案:cbamericans often say that there are only two things a person can be sure of:death and taxes.many people feel that the united states has the worst taxes in the world.taxes are the money that people pay to support their government.there are generally three levels of government in the united states:federal,state,and city;therefore,there are three types of taxes.salaried people who can earn more than four to five thousand dollars per year must pay a certain part.it depends on their salaries.the federal government has a two-level income tax:that is,15 or 28 percent.$17 850 is the cut off.the tax rate is 15 percent below $17 850 and 28 percent above.the second tax is for the state government:new york,california,or any of the other forty-eight states.some states have an income tax similar to that of the federal government.of course,the percentage for the state tax is lower.other states have a sales tax,which is a percentage charged to any item which people buy in the state.some states use income tax and sales tax to raise their revenues(=annual income).the third tax is for the city.this tax comes in two forms:property tax(people who own a home have to pay taxes on it) and excise tax(物品税),which is collected on vehicles in a city.the cities use this money for education,police,public works,etc.since americans pay such high taxes,they often feel that they are working one day each week just to pay their taxes.people always complain about taxes.they often say that the government misuses their tax dollars.they all believe that taxes are too high in this country.41.in the united states,taxes are collected to provide revenues for .a.the federal governmentb.the state governmentc.the city governmentd.the three levels of government提示:细节理解题。文章第二段指出,美国税收分为联邦政府、州政府和市政府三个层次,所以税收所得用于提高三个政府的收入。答案:d42.how much money does an american earning $40 000 per year pay to the federal government as income tax according to the passage?a.28% of his income.b.15% of his income.c.$17 870.d.$5000.提示:细节理解题。第三段中“.that is,15 or 28 percent.$17 850 is the cut off.the tax rate is 15 percent below $17 850 and 28 percent above.”可知,$40 000已经超出了$17 850,所以他所收入的28%应该作为个人所得税。答案:a43.which of the following statements is true according to the passage?a.different levels of the governments have different types of taxes in the united states.b.all the states have a sales tax which is used to support poor people.c.the tax of the states is similar to that of the federal government.d.all the states use both taxes to raise their income every year to build schools.提示:细节理解题。根据文章内容可知,联邦政府要收所得税,州政府要收销售税而市政府要收财产税,即不同层次的政府有不同的税收要求,所以a项正确。答案:a44.what tax does an american have to pay to the city if he owns a car?a.property tax.b.excise tax.c.income tax.d.sales tax.提示:细节理解题。第五段“property tax(people who own a home have to pay taxes on it and excise tax(物品税),which is collected on vehicles in a city”可知,一个人要是拥有汽车应该向市政府缴纳财产税。答案:b45.after reading the passage,we might feel that americans seem to be .a.satisfied with their taxesb.proud of their taxesc.unhappy about their taxesd.very angry at their taxes提示:推理判断题。根据第六段“people always complain about taxes”可以推断出美国人民对于他们的税收政策不满意。答案:c.任务型读写(共10小题;每题1分,共10分)greeting other people is the first and most important social event in our lives.parents greet their children as soon as they are born,and its not long before babies know who is who among the people in their everyday lives.after only a few months,babies work out systems of greeting for meeting people they know and those who are unfamiliar.have you ever seen a four-month old baby staring at you?have you smiled and said “hello” to the baby?then have watched the babys little frown as it realises that it does not know you?either the baby will begin to make strange noises and cling to its caregiver,or it will jerk its head in such a way that its whole body moves,and smile at you.the baby has learned to greet people and to respond to greetings at an very early age.what it has learned is the most important aspect of a greeting:the facial and body gestures that accompany the smile.these are signals that indicate friendliness.secondly,there is the intonation(语调)in the voice.greetings are said warmly,with an expression anywhere between bright quickness and easy-going friendliness.the third aspect concerns the words chosen.together,the words,the intonation,and facial expression signal a greeting.these indicators are the same all over the world.there may be a little difference in the words used,but “good day”,“bonggiorno”,“nihao”,“bonjour”,and “guten morgen” all contain the meaning of “good”.the common greeting from other languages is translated into english as “good day” or “hello”.“konnichi-wa” means “good day.”there are thousands of languages a