中考英语第一轮复习－－八年级上7～8.doc

第七讲八年级(上)Units 78 重点词汇1.future(n.)将来；未来2environment(n.)环境3planet(n.)行星4plant(v.)种植(n.)植物5shape(n.)形状；外形6during(prep.)在期间7shake(n.&v.)摇动；抖动8pour(v.)倒出；倾倒9finally(adv.)最后10.salt(n.)食盐11machine(n.)机器；机械装置12hole(n.)洞；孔；坑13piece(n.)片；块；段14traditional(adj.)传统的；惯例的15celebrate(v.)庆祝16cover(v.)遮盖；覆盖17serve(v.)接待；服务18temperature(n.)温度词汇拓展1.pollute污染pollution污染的polluted2peacepeaceful3believebelievable(反义词)unbelievable4.possible(反义词)impossible5dig(过去式，过去分词)dug(现在分词)digging重点短语1.参与某事play a part (in)2处于危险中in danger3数百hundreds of4倒塌；突然倒下fall down5寻找；寻求look for6在未来in the future7.多次over and over again8切碎cut up9按通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开turn on10用覆盖coverwith11一个接一个one by one12用把装满fillwith重点句型1.Do you thinkthere will be robots inpeoples homes?你认为人们家里将会有机器人吗？2Peoplewill live to be_200 years old.人们将会活到200岁。3Whats your predictionabout thefuture?关于未来你的预言是什么？4.What will the futurebe like?未来将会是什么样子？5How many bananas do we need?我们需要多少香蕉？6How much yogurt do we need?我们需要多少酸奶？ 一、根据句意及汉语提示，填入恰当的单词。1Did you read theinstructions(说明)on the bottle?2Would you like some morebutter(黄油)on your bread?3Can you guess what is on thetop(顶部)?4You shouldcheck(检查)your test paper carefully before you hand it in.5Look！There are threeducks(鸭子)swimming in the river.6During(在期间) the holiday，I went to visit my uncle.7David is the monitor(班长) of our class.He often helps others.8Finally(最后) they drank the milk shake.9There is going to be a heavy rain.You should take a raincoat(雨衣) with you.10No one knows what will happen in the future(将来)二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。11I think there is less airpollution(pollute) in Hangzhou than in other cities of China.12Dont ride your bike too fast in the street.Its very dangerous(danger)13Some of thefactories(factory)closed last year，so many workers had to go home.14My brother thinks robots can work as a person，but Idisagree(agree)with him.15Itsimpossible(possible)for me to finish my homework in such a short time. 一、Everything will be free.任何东西都是免费的。【考点精讲】everything为不定代词，意为“每件事”。作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。eg：Everything goes well.一切都进行得很顺利。【拓展】(1)everything与否定词not连用时，表示部分否定，意为“并非每件事；并非每样东西”。eg：Not everything is good.并非每件事都是好的。(2)everything被形容词修饰时，应该放在形容词的前面。eg：Please help me put everything necessary in the car.请帮我把每件必需品都放到车里。Since 2000，Jingmen has become a new city. Everything_(2014，荆门)Ais changed Bwas changedChad changed Dhas changed【解析】D。句意：自从2000年，荆门已经变成了一个新城市。所有的事物都改变了。根据时间状语since 2000以及主语everything可知选D。【即时演练】.单项选择。1A smile costs_C_，but gives so much. Asomething BanythingCnothing Deverything2You look worried! Is_C_all right？(2014，杭州)Aeverything BsomethingCanything Dnothing3When the Greens moved into the house last week，_B_was at sixes and sevens，so they did a big cleaning.(2012，武汉)Asomething BeverythingCanything Dnothing.根据汉语完成句子。4春天到了，万物开始生长。When_spring_comes，everything_begins_to_grow.5你似乎知道每件重要的事情。It_seems_that_you_know_everything_important.二、There will be(more/less/fewer) people.将会有(更多/更少/更少的)人。【考点精讲】(1)more是many和much的比较级，其后既可以跟可数名词复数，也可以跟不可数名词，意思是“更多的”。eg：Mr.Smith wanted to get more money.史密斯先生想得到更多的钱。(2)less是little的比较级，其后只接不可数名词，意思是“较少的，更少的”。eg：There is less water in that glass.那个杯子里的水更少。(3)fewer是few的比较级，其后只接可数名词的复数形式，意思是“较少的，更少的”。eg：I have fewer friends in that school.在那所学校里我的朋友比较少。Many people eat _meat than they did before.Yes，thats why theyre getting fatter and fatter.(2014，贺州)Amore Bless Cfewer Dmuch【解析】A。考查比较级。根据句中than可知此处应该用比较级。根据答句：是的，那就是他们变得越来越胖的原因。可知前一句：很多人比以前吃的肉多了。而fewer修饰可数名词，故选A。【即时演练】.单项选择。1If you want to be thinner and healthier，youd better eat_D_food and take_exercise.Amore；fewer Bmore；lessCfewer；more Dless；more2During this years Reading Week，I read the most books in our class.No one read_B_books than I(2014，苏州)Amay Bmore Cfew Dfewer3Funtawild Adventure is very popular and _A_tourists visit it year by year.(2014，芜湖)Amore and more Bfewer and fewerCless and less Dmore or less4He knows_B_about computer than me.Amuch Bmore Cmost5_C_scientific attitude is needed in developing our city.I agree with you. In this way，we can make_mistakes.(2014，成都)AFewer；lessBLess；moreCMore；fewer.选词填空。6Dale hasfewer(few；fewer) Christmas cards than I have.7They believe that there will befewer(less；fewer)green trees in fifty years.8He is ill and he can eatless(more；less)food.9The father said to his son，“Themore(more；much)，the better.”10David hasless(less；fewer)money than Anna has.三、How much yogurt do we need？我们需要多少酸奶？【考点精讲】how much此处用来询问不可数名词的数量，意为“多少”。how much可单独使用，其后也可接不可数名词。eg：I want some orange juice.我想要一些橙汁。How much do you want？你想要多少？How much water is there in the bottle?瓶子里有多少水？【拓展】how much还可用来询问价格，意为“多少钱”。eg：How much is the computer?这台电脑多少钱？Its four thousand yuan.四千元。【注意】询问可数名词的数量用how many。how many后接可数名词复数形式。eg：How many pens does Mary have？玛丽有几支钢笔？_milk do you want?Three bottles，please.(2014，乐山)AHow muchBHow manyCWhat【解析】A。由答语“三瓶”可知提问数量。how much提问不可数名词的数量，how many提问可数名词复数的数量。milk为不可数名词，故选A。 【即时演练】.单项选择。 1.Could you give me some money，Dad?_C_do you need?Twentyfive yuan_OK.AHow many；is BHow much；areCHow much；is2_A_is your watch?Its eighty yuan.AHow much BWhatCHow DWhat color3How much_B_do you have?Asock Bwater Cpear Dshirt4_D_socks does he want?AHow much BWhatCHow DHow many.用many，much填空。5How much is that skirt?6How many people are there in your family?7How much rice do you need?8How much bread is there in the box? 四、【辨析】already/yet/still【考点精讲】already，yet与still都可表示“已经；还”之意，但有所区别：already意为“已经”，指事物有变化；still意为“尚且”，指事物仍维持原状。already如果用于肯定的疑问句，常常表示问话人对某一动作或状态开始或完成的比预想的要快、要早而表示的惊异。already多用于肯定句，而yet多用于疑问句或否定句。eg：My friends have not arrived yet，but they are on the way.我的朋友还没有来，不过他们已经在路上了。yet有时也可用于肯定句中，意思与still相同，意为“仍然；还”，此时常放在句首。Who will teach_oral English next term？Can it be a new teacher?Perhaps.But our head teacher hasnt told us.(2012，深圳)Ayour；already Byou；yetCyou；already Dyour；yet【解析】B。teach后接双宾语，排除A、D；yet用于否定中，排除C。故选B。【即时演练】.单项选择。1Holly has_B_fed the dog，but she hasnt watered the plants_(2014，青岛)Astill；already Balready；yetCyet；still Dyet；already2The 3D Titanic is a moving film.My parents have seen it twice_B_(2014，黄石)Ayet Balready Cnever Dalmost3The bag that my grandpa made for me gradually gets out of style，but it is_B_the best thing in my mind.Ajust Bstill Calready Dyet.用already，still或yet填空。4There is still a copy of the book in the library.Will you go and borrow it?5The actress is already 50，but she looks much younger than she really is.6Come on，Dave.Its time for dinner.Im not hungry yetIve just had a hamburger.五、【辨析】turn on/turn off/turn down/turn up/open【考点精讲】turn on意为“(把水源、煤气、电源等)打开”，其反义词组为turn off。turn down意为“(把收音机的音量、灯等)关小、调低”，其反义词组为turn up。这些短语中on，off，up，down均为副词，后接代词时，应放在词组中间；后接名词时，放中间放后面均可。eg：The radio is very loud.Can you turn it down a little？收音机声音太大。你能开小一点吗？Turn up the radio.Turn the radio up.把收音机的声音调大一点。open是指把关着或封着的门窗、箱、盒等打开，其反义词是close。eg：Please open the door.请打开门。Dont close the window.别关窗。The boy is sleeping.Please_the radio.(2013，益阳)Aturn upBturn downCturn on【解析】B。turn up“把声音调高”；turn down“把声音调低”；turn on“打开”。由句意“这个小男孩睡着了”可知“请把收音机声音调低”，故选B。【即时演练】.单项选择。1Would you mind_D_the music a little？Dont you think its too loud?Sorry！Ill do it in a minute.(2013，台州)Aturning on Bturning offCturning up Dturning down2Its time for CCTV news.Lets _A_the TV and watch it.(2014，嘉兴)Aturn on Bget onCtry on Dput on3Please_B_the light when you leave the classroom.(2013，吉林)Aturn onBturn offCturn up.根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。4离开教室时请关灯。Pleaseturn off the lights when you leave the classroom.(2013，广州)5房间里太暗了。请打开灯。Its too dark in the room.Pleaseturn on the light.写作专题记叙文一、要点入门记叙文以记叙、描述为主要方式，一般是开门见山，直接交代时间、地点、人物、事件等，然后详细叙述事件发展的过程、原因等。一个事件的组成包括许多细节，写作时，要选择与写作意图