高考英语一轮复习 Unit2 English around the World阅读理解全方位训练1 新人教版必修1.doc

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一unit 2 english around the world阅读理解1第组ait is widely known that any english conversation begins with the weather.such a fixation with the weather finds expression in dr.johnsons famous comment that “when two english meet，their first talk is of weather.” though johnsons observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago，most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this english weather-speak.bill bryson，for example，concludes that,as the english weather is not at all exciting,the obsession with it can hardly be understood.he argues that “to an outsider,the most striking thing about the english weather is that there is not very much of it.” simply，the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the british isles.jeremy paxman，however，disagrees with bryson，arguing that the english weather is by nature attractive.bryson is wrong，he says,because the english preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena.“the interest is not in the phenomena themselves，but in uncertainty.” according to him，the weather in england is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the english as well as the outsider.bryson and paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the english.both commentators，somehow，are missing the point.the english weather conversation is not really about the weather at all.english weather-speak is a system of signs,which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other.everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests for weather data.rather，they are routine greetings,conversation starters or the blank “fillers”.in other words，english weather-speak is a means of social bonding.1.the author mentions dr. johnsons comment to show that .a.most commentators agree with dr. johnsonb.dr. johnson is famous for his weather observationc.the comment was accurate two hundred years agod.english conversations usually start with the weather2.what does the underlined word“obsession” most probably refer to?a.a social trend.b.an emotional state.c.a historical concept.d.an unknown phenomenon.3.according to the passage,jeremy paxman believes that .a.bill bryson has little knowledge of the weatherb.there is nothing special about the english weatherc.the english weather attracts people to the british islesd.english people talk about the weather for its uncertainty4.what is the authors main purpose of writing the passage?a.to explain what english weather-speak is about.b.to analyse misconceptions about the english weather.c.to find fault with both bill bryson and jeremy paxman.d.to convince people that the english weather is changeable.【语篇解读】本文为议论文，开篇点题：英语对话往往从天气开始。后面具体的介绍几个对此有不同理解的人以及他们的观点。1.d 推理判断题。文章第一句话提到：众所周知，英语的对话往往从天气开始。然后举例说明，显然举例的目的就是表明英语的对话往往从天气开始，故d项正确。2.b 词义猜测题。由语境可知，bill认为因为英国天气一点儿也不令人兴奋，所以用它对话时表达出来的 难以理解。兴奋应是与人的情感状态有关，故b项正确。3.d 细节理解题。由文章第三段中间位置的“the interest is not in the phenomena themselves，but in uncertainty.”可知d项正确。4.a 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述英语对话以天气开始的一些事情，故a项正确。babout 30 years ago,i left cuba for the united states with my son.after getting settled finally in brunswick,new jersey,i enrolled (注册) my son in kindergarten.several weeks later,my sons teacher asked me to meet him at his office.in the teachers office，an exchange of greetings was followed by his questions：“is your son mentally retarded (弱智的)？does he suffer from any kind of mental disability?”was he talking about my wonderful scola? no,no,it cant be.what a helpless,lonely moment! i told him that scola was a quiet,sweet little boy,instead.i asked him why he was asking me all these questions.my son could not follow the teachers directions，he told me,and thus,scola was disrupting the class.didnt he know my son did not speak english yet?he was angry,“why hasnt your son been taught to speak english? dont you speak english at home?”“no,i didnt speak english at home,”i replied.i was sure my son would learn english in a couple of months,and i didnt want him to forget his native language.well,wrong answer! what kind of person would not speak in english to her son at home and at all time? “are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country，never wanting to be a part of this society?”needless to say,i tried to tell him i was not one of “those people”.then he told me the meeting was over,and i left.as i had expected,my son learned to speak english fluently before the school year was over.he went on to graduate from college and got a job,earning close to six figures.he travels widely and leads a well-adjusted，contented life.and he has benefited from being bilingual (双语的).speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others;it teaches people about other cultures and other placessomething very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” i met in new jersey.5.the teacher asked the author to his office .a.to discuss scolas in-class performanceb.to get scola enrolled in kindergartenc.to find a language partner for scolad.to work out a study plan for scola6.what does the underlined word “disrupting” in paragraph 4 probably mean?a.breaking.b.following.c.attending.d.disturbing.7.the authors attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as .a.criticalb.casualc.positived.passive8.this text is likely to be selected from a book of .a.medicineb.educationc.geographyd.history【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，通过一位新移民及其儿子的经历讲述了掌握两门语言的好处。5.a 细节理解题。由第四段可以看出老师让家长去办公室是谈论scola的课堂表现。故选a项。6.d 词义猜测题。由上文“我的儿子不能跟上老师的指导”，因此scola在扰乱课堂，故选d项，disturb打扰，扰乱。7.c 推理判断题。由文章最后两段，特别是倒数第二段最后一句and he has benefited from being bilingual.可知作者对于双语持积极肯定的态度，故选c项。8.b 推理判断题。本文讲述了掌握双语的好处，所以可能出自一本关于教育的书。c“indeed,” george washington wrote in his diary in 1785，“some kind of fly，or bug，had begun to eat the leaves before i left home.” but the father of america was not the father of bug.when washington wrote that，englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century，and americans had already created lightning-bug (萤火虫).but the english were soon to stop using the bugs in their language，leaving it to the americans to call a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.the american bug could also be a person，referring to someone who was crazy about a particular activity.although fan became the usual term，sports fans used to be called racing bugs，baseball bugs，and the like.or the bug could be a small machine or object，for example，a bug-shaped car.the bug could also be a burglar alarm，from which comes the expression to bug，that is，“to install (安装) an alarm”.now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others conversation.since the 1840s，to bug has long meant “to cheat”，and since the 1940s it has been annoying.we also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design.that meaning dates back to the time of thomas edison.in 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product.in 1889 it was recorded that edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering a bug in his invented record player.”9.we learn from paragraph 1 that .a.americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bugb.george washington was the first person to call an insect a bugc.the word bug was still popularly used in english in the nineteenth centuryd.both englishmen and americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century10.what does the word “flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean?a.explanation.b.finding.c.origin.d.fault.11.the passage is mainly concerned with .a.the misunderstanding of the word bugb.the development of the word bugc.the public views of the word bugd.the special characteristics of the word bug【语篇解读】本文主要说的是“bug”一词的起源、不同含义和发展。9.d 推理判断题。从第一段的.george washington wrote in his diary in 1785.和but the father of america was not the father of bug.when washington wrote that，englishmen had.可知,英国人和美国人都使用“bug”一词，由该段最后一句可知，英国人在19世纪和20世纪便不再使用，故d项为正确答案。10.d 词义猜测题。从第四段的in 1878 he explained bugs as “little problems and difficulties.”可知答案。11.b 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要说的是“bug”一词的使用时间及其发展，故b项为本题答案。dwhat is language for？some people seem to think its for practising grammar rules and learning lists of wordsthe longer the lists，the better.thats wrong.language is for the exchange (交流) of ideas and information.its meaningless knowing all about a language if you cant use it freely.many students i have met know hundreds of grammar rules，but they cant speak correctly or fluently (流利地).they are afraid of making mistakes.one shouldnt be afraid of making mistakes when speaking a foreign language.native speakers make mistakes and break rules，too.bernard shaw once wrote，“foreigners often speak english too correctly.”but the mistakes that native speakers make are different from those that chinese students make.theyre english mistakes in the english language.and if enough native speakers break a rule，it is no longer a rule.what used to be wrong，becomes right.people not only make history，but they make language.but a people can only make its own language.it cant make another peoples language.so chinese students of english should pay attention to grammar，but they shouldnt overdo (做过头) it.they should put communication (交际) first.12.language is used to .a.express oneselfb.practise grammar rulesc.talk with foreigners onlyd.learn lists of words13.generally，when an american or an englishman speaks english，he or she .a.never makes mistakesb.often makes mistakesc.cant avoid making mistakesd.always makes mistakes14.the sentence “foreigners often speak english too correctly.” means that .a.foreigners speak correct englishb.foreigners speak incorrect englishc.foreigners speak english according to the grammar rules15.when we speak a foreign language，we should .a.speak in chinese wayb.speak by the rulesc.speak to native speakersd.not be afraid of making mistakes【语篇解读】本文主要介绍语言的作用。12.a 细节理解题。由第四句“language is for the exchange of ideas and information.”可知语言是用来交流的，因此应选择express oneself，其含义是“表达自己的意图；让别人明白自己”。13.c 细节理解题。文中提到“native speakers make mistakes and break rules，too.”，而且下文也提到类似的情况，所以答案为c项，“不可避免地犯错误”。14.c 句意猜测题。根据上下文可知，母语不是英语的人在学英语时，首先要学许多的语法规则，所以他们说话时总是套规则。15.d 推理判断题。通过文章我们知道语言的作用是交流，而且在学习外语时，我们不仅要学语法，更重要的是学会使用这种语言交流，而不要怕犯错误。ethere are many differences between british english and american english.i used to teach a course about the differences between the two.we speak english on both sides of the atlantic ocean but we have many differences in our common language.we have examples of the same words having very different meanings，differing spellings of the same words as well as completely different words for the same things.here are some examples.a cookie in the us is called a biscuit in the uk.a biscuit in the us is a small cake in the uk.crisps in the uk，are known as chips，but we british people eat a plate of chips that you call fries in the us.in the uk，a pie can be made from either meat or fruit，while in the us pies are normally made from fruit；pot pies are made from meat.most things are measured in grams and kilograms in the us，not pounds and ounces.one very obvious (明显的) difference is the side of the road we each choose to drive on.petrol in the uk is gas in the us.the place where we fill up our cars，in the uk，is a garage；while in the us，its a gas station.the term garage is also used as a place to store your car next to or close by your house.in the uk we call a lorry what is known as a truck in the us.an elevator in the us is called a lift here，and the first floor in the us，is called the ground floor here，so many visitors get off on the wrong floor in british hotels.i could continue with this.there are countless examples of differences within our one shared language.with so many differences，no wonder its hard to understand each other well.16.the passage is mainly about the differences between british english and american english in .a.vocabularyb.grammarc.soundd.spelling17.its implied in the passage that the author was .a.a driver from the usb.a cook from the usc.a teacher from the ukd.a gas station work