山东省滨州市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精选（4）.doc

山东滨州市2016高考英语二轮阅读理解精选（4）由 (2013四川绵阳高三第二次诊断)改编up to 90% of school leavers in major asian cities are suffering from myopia short-sightedness, a study suggests. researchers say the “extraordinary rise” in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m. it is often caused by an elongation (拉抻)of the eyeball that happens when people are young. according to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factorsa commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.professor morgan who led this study argues that many children in south east asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. this in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.cultural factors also seem to play a part. across many parts of south east asian children often have a lunchtime nap. according to professor morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.a big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from “high” myopia. one in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障碍)and even blindness. these people are at considerable risksometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses-they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.for decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. but this study strongly suggests an alternative view. “any type of simple genetic explanation just doesnt fit with that speed of change; gene pools just dont change in two generations. whether its a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesnt matter, the thing thats changed is not the gene pool-its the environment.”13.as is mentioned above ,which factor mainly results in students myopia in south east asia?()a.genetic faults of the people.b.elongation of the eyeball.c.the shortage of outdoor light.d.lack of research into the problem.14.which of the following statements do you think agrees with professor morgan?()a.a lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia.b.glasses keep myopia from getting even worse.c.its necessary to treat myopia with an operation.d.its of vital importance to reduce educational pressure.15.whats the main idea of the last paragraph?()a.gene remains the main cause of the long-standing problem.b.the environment is to blame for the extraordinary rise in myopia.c.short-sightedness has nothing to do with changes in gene pools.d.an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome counts.16.whats the best way to take care of your eyes according to the passage?()a.equip the classroom with better lights.b.look at the sun from time to time.c.do eyes exercise regularly.d.spend more time in the open air.语篇解读:调查显示,亚洲主要城市中90%的毕业生都是近视眼,造成这一情况的原因有遗传因素,但主要是外在环境,如学生花费在学习上的时间太多和严重缺乏户外的自然光导致的。答案及剖析:13.c细节理解题。由第三段可知,东南亚的很多孩子在学校花费在学习上的时间太多,这本身就给眼睛造成很大的压力,但是白天接触2-3个小时的自然光会保持眼睛的健康,由此可知这些近视眼的孩子严重缺乏户外的自然光,故选c项。14.d推理判断题。由第三段和第四段的内容可知,孩子们得不到可以防止近视的自然光,这是因为他们有太多的作业要做,学习任务太重,故减少教育压力至关重要。15.b主旨大意题。由该段的内容可知,几十年来,人们认为导致近视眼的主要因素是基因,但最新的研究表明导致孩子们近视眼的关键因素是环境,故选b项。16.d推理判断题。由第三段的“exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes”可知,让眼睛沐浴户外的自然光可以保持眼睛的健康,那么保护眼睛的最好方法就是多在户外活动,故选d项。【疑难词汇解读】 1.environmental adj.环境的we must take action to reduce environmental pollution.我们必须采取行动减少环境污染。2.miss out on错过,遗漏she married young and felt that she was missing out on life.她结婚早,因此觉得自己错过了享受生活的机会。【长难句子分析】eye experts主语say谓语that you are short-sighted宾语从句if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m.宾语从句眼睛专家说,如果超过两米你就视线模糊的话,你就近视了。阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【重庆市名校联盟2014联合模拟】a i came to study in the united states a year ago. yet i did not know the real american society until i was injured in a car accident because after the accident i had to see a doctor and go to court. after the accident，my roommate called a doctor for me. i was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. but the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. i was astonished. he had good reason to charge me, he said. and if i wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, id have to have a good lawyer. and only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .now that he had helped me find a good doctor, it was only fair that i should pay him. but every day i went to see the doctor, i had to wait about 50 minutes. he would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. yet he charged me $115 each time. the final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215. my lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. but after that he avoided seeing me at all. he knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. he simply waited to collect his money. he was so irresponsible that i didnt want to hire him. and he made me pay him $770. now i had to act as my own lawyer. due to my inexperience, i told the insurance company the date i was leaving america. knowing that, they played for time and i left without getting a cent.36. the authors roommate offered to help him because_. a. he showed sympathy to the author b. he knew the author should find a good doctor c. he knew the author needed his help d. he thought it was a chance to make some money37. a good doctor is necessary for the author to _. a. find out the person responsible for the accident b. recover totally from the injury c. eventually make the responsible party pay for his injury d. be treated fairly before he leaves america38. both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are _. a. helpful b. professional c. money-maker d. selfish39. what conclusion can you draw from the story? a. one cannot be too careful while driving a car. b. people value money most in the us. c. finding lawyers is something very common in america. d. having some selfless friends is more important than other things in the us.【参考答案】3639、dcdb 【重庆市名校联盟2014联合模拟】bas computers become more popular in china, chinese people are increasingly depending on computer keyboards to input chinese characters. but if they use the computer too much, they may end up forgetting the exact strokes of each chinese character when writing on paper. experts suggest people, especially students, write by hand more. do you write by hand more or type more? in beijing, students start using a computer as early as primary school.and computer dependence is more wide-spread among university students. almost all their homework and essays are typed on a computer. all the students interviewed say they usually use a computer. its faster and easier to correct if using a computer. and thats why computers are being applied more and more often to modern education. but when people are taking stock in computers increasingly, problems appear. when im writing with a pen, i find i often cant remember how to write a character, though i feel im familiar with it.im not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper.many students dont feel this is something to worry about. now that its more convenient and quick to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite? many educators think differently. shi liwei, the headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said “chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic(审美的) value. but those characters typed with computer keyboards only have their practical value. all the artistic beauty of the characters is lost. and handwriting contains the writers emotion. through ones handwriting, people can get to know ones thinking and personality. beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them.” to encourage students to handwrite more, many primary schools in beijing have made writing classes compulsory and in universities, some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand.40 .the students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly because_.a. they are usually asked to e-mail their homework and essays b. they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently c. they find it not easy to remember how to write a character d. computers have become popular in china41. which of the following statements is not the advantages of handwriting?a. handwriting contains the writers emotion. b. the writers thinking and personality are shown in his or her handwriting.c. handwriting can impress people well and build up ones self-confidence.d. chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic value. 42. the underlined expression “taking stock in” (paragraph 4) probably means_.a. getting bored with b. getting dependent on c. becoming crazy about d. getting curious about43. we can draw the conclusion from the passage that_.a. more and more students will give up writing on a computerb. writing by hand will give way to typing by computer one dayc. more and more students will pay attention to handwriting d. the typing article better expresses ones emotion and quality【参考答案】4043、bcbc 【重庆市名校联盟2014联合模拟】cthe erie canal was the first important national waterway built in the us. it crossed new york from buffalo on lake erie troy to albany on the hudson river. it joined the great lakes with the atlantic ocean. the canal served as a route over which industrial goods could flow into the west, and materials could pour into the east. the erie canal helped new york develop into the nations largest city. the building of the canal was paid for entirely by the state of new york. it cost $ 7,143,789, but it soon gained its price many times over. between 1825, when the canal was opened, and 1882, when toll charges(过运河费) were stopped, the state collected $121,461,891. for a hundred years before the erie was built, people had been talking about a canal which could join the great lakes and the atlantic ocean. the man who planned the erie canal and carried the plan through was de witt clinton. those who were against the canal laughingly called it “clintons ditch(沟)”. clinton talked and wrote about the canal and drew up plans for it. he and governor morris went to washington in 1812 to ask for help for the canal, but they were unsuccessful. clinton became governor of new york in 1817, and shortly afterwards, on