【步步高】高考英语总复习 Unit 1 Lifestyles同步导学 北师大版必修1(1).DOC

【步步高】2015届高考英语总复习 unit 1 lifestyles同步导学 北师大版必修1.重点单词梳理1matter /mt/ vi.要紧，有重大关系；n.物质，问题2relaxing /rilksi/ adj.轻松的，放松的3suppose /spuz/ v认为，猜想4complain /kmplein/ vi.抱怨；投诉5switch /swit/ vt.转换，转变6remote /rimut/ adj.遥远的7expert /ekspt/ n专家；adj.熟练的，内行的8suffer /sf/ vi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛9reduce /ridjus/ vt.减少；降低10diet /dait/ n饮食；节食；v.节食，按规定进食11prefer /prif/ vt.更喜欢；宁愿12stand /stnd/ vt.忍耐，忍受13volunteer /vlnti/ n志愿者；v.自愿提供；自愿14challenge /tlind/ n&v.挑战15support /spt/ vt.&n.支持；支撑16design /dizain/ n&vt.设计17otherwise /waiz/ adv.否则；另外18forecast /fkst/ n预报；预测19distance /distns/ n距离20style /stail/ n风格，作风21partner /ptn/ n伙伴；合作者，搭档part n&v.部分；分离partnership n合作关系22peaceful /pisfl/ adj.平静的；和平的peace n和平；平静23stressful /stresfl/ adj.充满压力的，紧张的stress n&v.压力；强调24urgent /dnt/ adj.急迫的，紧急的urgency n紧迫，迫切25bored /bd/ adj.厌烦的，不感兴趣的boring adj.令人厌烦的26press /pre/ n&v.新闻业/界，出版社；压，挤pressure n压力27social /sul/ adj.社交的；社会的society n社会；交际28organise /naiz/ vt.组织organisation n组织29graduate /rdeit/ n&vi.毕业生；毕业graduation n毕业，毕业典礼30advertisement /dvtismnt/ n广告advertise v(为)做广告31present /prizent/ n目前；礼物；adj.现在的；在场的；v.赠送；介绍presentation n表演；展示32solve /slv/ vt.解决；解答solution n解答；解决方法33accountant /kantnt/ n会计(师)account n&v.叙述；账目；作出解释34formal /fml/ adj.正式的，合礼仪的abnormal adj.反常的，变态的.重点短语梳理1switch on把开关打开，接通2switch over转换频道，转变3switch off把关掉，关上4go off离去，出发；(爆竹、铃等)响5take up拿起；占据；开始从事；继续6be filled with充满着7suffer from忍受，遭受8prefer a to b比起b来，更喜欢a9be fond of喜欢10at the moment此刻，目前11over the years数年间12come up with提出；想出13be bored with因厌烦.经典原句默写与背诵1 the more mistakes i make，the more i learn.我犯的错误越多，我学会的就越多。2 as long as i get good marks in my tests，it doesnt matter if i can speak english or not.只要能在考试中得高分，我是否会说英语并不重要。3 what kind of lifestyle do you think the people have?你认为人们应该有什么样的生活方式？4 besides，i get bored if theres nothing to do.再者，要没事可做我会觉得非常无聊。5 thats what people call the underground in london.那就是在伦敦人们把它叫做地铁的东西。6 to solve this problem，the duchess came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and five oclock.为解决这个问题，公爵夫人想出了一个好办法：在下午四点到五点之间，邀请一些朋友到她那里吃下午餐。1 what matters (要紧) is his attitude towards life.2 we should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules，stopping at the red light rather than complaining (抱怨) about traffic jams.3 he prefers (更喜欢) to be always on the phone，sleep，stay in his room or go out with his friends rather than talk with his mother.4 it is reported that thirty volunteers (志愿者) who are at least 18 years old will be chosen from all over the globe and sent to the mars by the year of 2015.5 he thinks it is never too late to challenge (挑战) oneself to achieve something worthwhile.6 i would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to solve (解决) these problems.7 i have heard from the newspaper that you，the shanghai museum，are planning to organize (组织) a famous painting exhibition.8 we each will prepare a little present (礼物)1 matter vi要紧；有重大关系；n.情况；事态；问题表示“事实上；其实”的其他短语：in (actual) fact，in truth，in reality，in practice，in nature，as a matter of factas a matter of fact，ive never been there before.事实上，我以前从未去过那儿。as a matter of fact，i was the one who did it.其实，做这件事的就是我。夯实基础(1)i cant say which wine is bestits a matter of personal taste(这是一个个人口味的问题)(2)he asked me what was the matter with the machine(机器怎么了)2 suppose v.猜想；假设；假定；认为be supposed to.应该；被认为是suppose sb./sth.to be.认为某人(物)be supposed to have done.本该做(但实际上未做)be not supposed to do.不允许做suppose/supposing引导条件状语从句，相当于if，表示“如果，假设”。i dont suppose he will pass the exam.我猜想他不会通过这次考试的。you look well.the air and the sea foods in sanya must agree with you，i suppose.你看起来气色很好。我想三亚的空气和海鲜一定适合你。 夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)supposing/suppose(suppose) she doesnt come，what shall we do?(2)the message is very important，so it is supposed to be sent(send) as soon as possible.(3)community organizers are supposed(suppose) to speak truth to power.3 complain v.抱怨，埋怨，发牢骚；投诉(say one is annoyed，unhappy or unsatisfied about sb./plain to sb.about/of.就向某人抱怨complain of诉说(病情或痛苦)make a complaint about.就提出投诉the defendant complained of intimidation during the investigation.被告申诉在调查期间受到了恐吓。on reading the mothers complaint，i felt a little worried about the sons behaviour.读完这位母亲的抱怨，我对这个儿子的行为有点担忧。(2013重庆写作一)夯实基础(1)语法填空we received a lot of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities.im going to complain to the manager about this.(2)he complained to me about the food(向我抱怨饮食)4 urgent adj.急迫的；紧急的urge v.催促；力劝(persuade)；竭力主张(recommend)；驱赶；鞭策(force)；n.强烈的欲望，冲动(desire)have an urge to do.渴望做urge sb.to do.催促某人做it is/was urged that.(should) do.有人主张urgency n.紧急的事they urged parliament to approve plans for their reform programme.他们敦促议会批准他们的改革方案。he had an urge to open a shop of his own.他很想自己开一家店。夯实基础(1)用urge的适当形式填空there is an urgent need for food and water.the urgency of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds in medical science.(2)its urgent that the work be done at once(这项工作应立即做)5 bored adj.厌烦的，不感兴趣的be bored with对厌烦be bored to death烦死了bore sb.with使某人厌烦be fed up with/be tired of对厌倦im bored；lets go to the cinema.我闷了，咱们去看电影吧。ive heard all his stories before；they bore me.他的事我以前都听说过了，那些事真使我厌烦。夯实基础(1)用bore的适当形式填空you can have a pet dog，but suppose you get bored with it in a few days.then what?student life is never boring，is it?life in the country bores me.(2)i am bored with this job，doing the same thing all day long(成天干着同样的活)6 suffer v.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨(to be badly affected)；遭受，经受(experience)；得病suffer pain/defeat/hardship 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难suffer from受折磨；患病suffering n.痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事on the other hand，they also suffer from less respect and lower pay，working all day on the street whether it shines strongly or snows，winds heavily.另一方面，他们不受尊重，报酬很低，整天在马路上劳作，不管烈日炎炎还是狂风暴雪。(2013广东读写任务)this act hurt the people of all countries that once suffered from japanese aggression and colonial rule.这种行为是对曾经遭受日本侵略和殖民统治的各国人民感情的伤害。特别提醒suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态。夯实基础 (1)用suffer的适当形式填空after the flooding，people were suffering in that area，who urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.(2)it is reported that the government has lightened the burden on the students.oh，today we are still suffering from heavy schoolwork (仍然承受着沉重的作业负担)，aiming at preparing us for the entrance examination.7 reduce vt.减少；缩小be reduced to.沦落为；被迫reduce sth.to.减少到reduce sth.by.减少了it reduces the risks of heart disease.这降低了患心脏病的风险。they were reduced to extreme poverty.他们陷入极端贫困的状态。夯实基础(1)she reduced her weight by 6 kilos/to 50 kilos.她把体重减轻了6公斤/减轻到50公斤。(2)he is almost reduced to(沦落到) a skeleton.(3)his life in the big city was hard and finally he was reduced to wandering in the street (沦落为在街上闲逛)8 diet n.日常饮食；日常食物(daily and regular food)；vt.按规定进行饮食(have a limited amount and variety of food)；节食be/go on a diet节食put sb.on a diet控制某人的饮食a balanced diet均衡饮食proper diet and exercise are both important for health.适当的饮食和锻炼对健康都很重要。the doctor advised him to go on a diet to lose weight.医生建议他节食减肥。夯实基础(1)would you like some more chicken?no，thanks.i am on a diet (我在节食) and im trying to lose weight.(2)同义句改写she is dieting but she never seems to lose any weight.(用diet的名词短语改写句子)she is on a diet but she never seems to lose any weight.9 prefer v更喜欢； 选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)prefer to do/doing sth.更喜欢做prefer sb.to do.喜欢让某人做prefer doing.to doing.(prefer to do.rather than do.)和相比更喜欢做have a preference to优先考虑fluency in chinese is preferred.流利的汉语是首选。(2010辽宁书面表达)夯实基础同义句改写she preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(1)she preferred going with us to staying behind.(用prefer doing.to doing.改写句子)(2)she would rather go with us than stay behind.(用would rather do.than do.改写句子)(3)she would go with us rather than stay behind.(用would do.rather than do.改写句子)10 graduate n.大学毕业生；v.毕业graduate from从毕业graduate in毕业于专业graduation n.毕业it was my first job after graduation.这是我毕业后的第一个工作。夯实基础同义句改写as soon as he graduated from university，he was sent where he was needed most.(用“on名词”结构改为简单句)on his graduation from university，he was sent where he was needed most.11 challenge v.挑战；怀疑；n.挑战；难题；质疑meet a challenge 应对挑战face a challenge面临挑战challenge sb.on.就向某人提出质疑challenge sb.to do.向某人挑战做challenge sb.to sth.邀请比赛challenging adj.有挑战性的they rose to the challenge of entertaining 80 schoolchildren for an afternoon.他们一个下午成功接待了80名学童。he left a note at the scene of the crime，challenging detectives to catch him.他在犯罪现场留了个字条，向警探挑衅。japan sees the pressure from china as a hot，immediate challenge.在日本看来，来自中国的压力是一个紧迫的、棘手的挑战。夯实基础(1)用所给词的适当形式填空some children want to challenge themselves(they) by learning a language different from that their parents speak at home.mike found a challenging(challenge) job as a computer programmer.she challenged the newspaper to prove(prove) its story.(2)great as newton was，many of his ideas have been challenged (已经遭到挑战) today.12 support v.赞成；拥护；供养；抚养；n.赞成；拥护；支持support/raise ones family养家support/be in favor of ones suggestion赞同某人的建议in support of支持mr.wang spoke in support of the proposal.王先生发言支持该项提议。i will support myself after graduation from college.我大学毕业后要自力更生。夯实基础同义句改写i will support you for ever whenever it is.(1)i will stand by you for ever whenever it is.(用stand短语改写句子)(2)i will be in favor of you for ever whenever it is.(用favor短语改写句子)(3)i will be in support of you for ever whenever it is.(用support短语改写句子)13 design n.设计；布局；安排(arrangement)；打算(plan)；意图(intention)；构思；v.设计；构思；计划；制订(make，plan or intend)by designon purpose故意be designed for.为设计be designed to do./as.为某目的或用途而制造或设计the method is specifically designed for use in small groups.这方法是专为小组活动设计的。the experiment is designed to test the new drug.这个实验的目的是想测试这种新药品。夯实基础(1)语法填空do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or by design?this building is designed for weddings and other celebrations.the new device is designed as an alternative for the old one.(2)the houses designed for (为设计的) the refugees in the earthquake have already been completed.14 solve v.解决；解释；解答solve a problem解决问题solution n.解答；解决方法a solution to.的解决方案have you solved all the problems in the examination?考试题目你全部答对了吗？he tried to solve the mystery.他试图解开这个秘密。夯实基础(1)with the problem solved (问题解决了)，he went home happily.(2)while i admit that there are problems，i dont think they cannot be solved (它们是无法解决的)15 crowd n.人群；观众；v.拥挤；挤满crowd in (on sb.)(想法、问题等)涌上心头；涌入脑海a crowd of一群；一伙；一堆crowds of成群的；许多follow the crowd随大流crowded adj.拥挤的be crowded with挤满了a huge crowd gathered in the square outside the kremlin walls.一大群人聚集在克里姆林宫墙外的广场上。the hungry refugees crowded around the tractors.饥饿的难民聚集到拖拉机周围。夯实基础(1)用crowd短语的适当形式填空my father warned me against going to the west coast because it was crowded with tourists.everything is crowding in on me.(2)you have crowded too many ideas into (在中加入了太多的观点) one paragraph，so youd better have some cut.switch over，take up，be filled with，suffer from，go off，be bored with，come up with，take place1how long have you been suffering from a headache?2the wedding took place in a birmingham hotel.3he can switch over from english to german.4we werent able to come up with any new suggestions.5but the new roads and streets will be filled with many cars and buses soon.6besides，if a person does only one job all his life，he will certainly be bored with it.7they took up arms and fought for their faith and liberty.8the power went off during the high wind.1 switch over转换频道；转变；转换switch v.转变；转换(change；exchange)；n.开关；转换switch on接上；打开switch off切断；关掉switch to变换到make a switch进行改变switch off when youve finished using the electric typewriter.电动打字机用完后，要关掉开关。there has been a switch in our plans.我们的计划有变。夯实基础用switch短语的适当形式填空(1)you drive first and then well switch over.(2)when i switched on the light，i found the room robbed.(3)we made a switch to our schedule to go swimming when it started to rain.(4)at first，the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the country but halfway in his speech，he suddenly switched to another subject.2 go off离去；(铃、爆竹等)响；(电)中断go ahead前进；干吧；说吧go up上涨；上升；攀登go against违反；违背go by流逝；根据决定go all out to do.全力去做go without忍受某事物的缺乏go after追求；设法获得the building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.新桥的修建将按计划进行。if they prove that i was wrong，then ill go by what they say.如果他们能证明我不对，我就听他们的。夯实基础用go短语的适当形式填空(1)then the fire alarm went off；i just grabbed my clothes and ran out.(2)as time went by，they realized the importance.(3)three villages have gone without water for days.(4)she starts to go after him when jack appears.(5)could i ask you a rather personal question?sure，go ahead.3 take up拿起(pick up，lift)；接受(accept)；开始；继续(continue)；占用(fill or use space or time)；从事take in吸收；接纳；欺骗；领会take down拆除；写下take on呈现；雇用；承担take over接管；承袭take off脱掉；起飞；成功；开始流行o consideration/account把考虑进去he did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.他并不特别想从事竞技体育运动。the piano takes up too much room.这架钢琴太占地方了。夯实基础用take短语的适当形式填空(1)i put the telephone down and took up my work again.(2)i know i was a naive fool to trust him but he is a real charmer who totally took me in.(3)it successfully took over sky news，a popular news channel running in the uk since 1989.(4)shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.4 be filled with充满着fill in/out填写fill up充满，填满fill.with.用填充be full of充满who can fill the gap？谁来填补这一空白？i am filled with admiration for your bravery.我由衷钦佩你英勇绝伦。夯实基础(1)he went home，full of happiness (满怀喜悦)(2)those who apply for the position are expected to fill in/out the application form(填写申请表)(3)i need to find a petrol station to fill up the car (给汽车加油)5 at the moment此刻，目前for the moment暂时；目前in a moment 马上；一会儿the moment一就(连词，引导时间状语从句)just/wait a moment稍等一会儿at this very moment，my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining.就在这时，父母回来了，看到房间整洁地板发亮，非常惊讶。(2013陕西书面表达)at this moment，it is difficult for us to raise money.此刻我们要筹款很难。夯实基础(1)the moment i got home(我一回到家)，i found i had left my jacket on the playground.(2)shall we go out for a walk?sorry.this is not the right moment to invite me (这不是邀请我的合适的时间)i am too tired to walk.用所给词的适当形式填空1he would gain weight but he doesnt eat(not，eat) enough.2ive not finished with my dinner yet!but our friends are waiting (wait) for us.3barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who wears (wear) evening dress.4dr.smith，together with his wife and daughters，is going to (be going to) visit beijing this summer.5teenagers are damaging (damage) their health because they play computer games too much.1 what kind of lifestyle do you think the people have？你认为人们应该有什么样的生活方式？句型公式：疑问词do you think/believe/suppose/suggest.陈述语序(1)do you think/believe/suppose/imagine/suggest/expect 等可用作插入语，要放在特殊疑问词之后，其后用陈述语序，不加that。(2)do you suggest 之后要用should动词原形，should可以省略。who do you think helped me hand in my homework?你认为是谁帮我交了作业？夯实基础(1)用所给词的适当形式填空who do you suggest be sent(send) to work on the farm?(2)which of these do you think (这些当中你认为哪一部) is the most influential film?2 it takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash，get changed，have breakfast，leave home and get on a bus.我用不到15分钟的时间洗刷，换衣服，吃早饭，离开家，然后去坐车。it takes/took sb.some time to do.花了某人多少时间做表达“花费”的其他句型：(1)sb.spend.on sth./in doing.(2)sth.cost sb.(3)sb.pay.for sth.(4)sb.buy.for钱it took me three hours to finish the article.我花了三个小时才写完文章。its going to cost me over $100,000 to buy new trucks.买几辆新卡车将花掉我10万多美元。夯实基础用take，cost，spend，pay，buy的适当形式填空(1)it takes the boy most of his free time to learn drawing.(2)i spent $120 on the books.(3)she pays 200 a week for this apartment.(4)good words cost nothing，but are worth much.(5)he bought the bag for ten dollars.3 thats what people call the underground in london.那就是在伦敦人们把它叫做地铁的东西。(1)what引导名词性从句时，what可以具有疑问意思，意为“什么”，也可以不具有疑问意义.what相当于then.that结构，可以译为“的话(事、地方、速度、距离等)”。(2)what引导名词性从句时，在从句中要担任主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分；that引导名词性从句时，只起连接作用，在从句中不担任成分。i want to be liked and loved for what i am inside.我想让人们因我的内在品质而喜欢我和爱我。everyone is confused by what the professor said.大家对教授说的感到困惑。夯实基础(1)用what，that填空china is no longer what she used to be ten years ago.you may rely on it that i shall help you.the factory was set up in what was a waste land several years ago.what surprised me was that he did very well in the exam.(2)many young people in the west are expected to leave what could be lifes mostimportant decision (人生中可能最重要的决定)marriagealmost entirely up to luck.教材活用根据课文内容完成下面的短文a couch potatowhen brian blakey wakes up he doesnt get up 1.immediately (immediate)he turns on the television and watches 2.it until about halfpast ten.then he goes downstairs and switches on the tv in the living room.he watches tv all day and if there is a good play on bbc 2，he 3.switches (switch) over and watches it.he usually switches off the tv at about two oclock.he also take