【步步高】高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Challenging Yourself Ⅰ同步导学 重庆大学版选修7(1).docVIP

【步步高】2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 1 challenging yourself 同步导学 重大版选修7.重点单词识记1chief /tif/ n首领；长官 adj.主要的2collapse /klps/ vi.倒塌，崩溃3outgoing /autgi/ adj.友好的；外向的；将卸任的；离开的4sceptical /skeptikl/ adj.怀疑的5transfer /trnsf/ vt.转移；转乘；调任6release /rilis/ n释放；放松7sufficient /sfint/ adj.足够的，充足的8bound /band/ vt.形成的边界/界限；vi.跳跃；弹回；n.界限，范围9bear /be/ vt.显示，具有；忍受；n.熊10mystery /mistri/ n神秘(性)，奥秘，神秘的人(或事物)11heal /hil/ vt./vi.治愈；(使)康复12flee /fli/ vi.逃走，逃掉；vt.逃离，避开，逃避13eruption /irpn/ n爆发，喷发erupt vi.(火山等)喷发，喷出；(战争等)爆发14uncover /nkv/ vt.揭露，暴露；揭开的盖子cover v盖上；n.封皮discover vt.发现.重点短语识记1be supposed to do被期望或要求；应该2make a promise答应，许诺3show up露出，露面，出现4pull sb.off.把某人从拉走5give way坍陷，倒塌6with the purpose of为了7in grace优雅地，吸引人地8get out出去；(秘密)泄露，传出9burst through推开，拨开，冲开10shoot up上冒，喷出；猛跳；高耸；涨价11o.把抛入；投身于12as time goes by随着时间的推移 .经典原句默写与背诵1once，a huge earthquake almost flattened america，killing a lot of people in less than a few minutes.曾经，巨大的地震几乎把美国夷为平地，使许多人在不到几分钟的时间里丧生。2in the midst of utter devastation and chaos，a father left his wife safely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be，only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake在一片废墟和混乱之中，一位父亲把他的妻子留在家里安顿好后，朝他儿子就读的学校冲去，却发现学校已被夷为平地。3other wellmeaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school.其他好心的父母试图把他从学校的废墟上拉走4it was so strange and new that no one knew what to do.这是那么的奇怪和新鲜，没人知道该做什么。5and if you really try，youll find theres no need to cry.如果你真的努力过，你会发觉不必哭泣。6as time went by，much of the ancient city of pompeii was uncovered.随着时间的推移，大部分的古庞贝城都被发掘出来。1dont you realize what a scare youve given us all？(scare)2he died six weeks later of a massive heart attack.(mass)3the first thing he looked at was his offices location.(locate)4in a word，we have abnormal weather all over the world this year.(normal)5extreme poverty still exists in many rural areas.(extremely)6he quickly unfolded the blankets and spread them on the mattress.(fold)7a couple of problems prevent peaceful trips.(peace)8violence erupted as the boys were driven away in two police vans.(eruption)1 with/from shock由于震惊(be) a shock to sb.对某人来说是个打击suffer from an electric shock电击休克shocked adj.震惊的；震撼的be shocked at/by对感到吃惊be shocked to do深感意外地shocking adj.令人震惊的a shocking accident令人吃惊的事故his sudden death was a great shock to his family.他的突然逝世使他的家人大为震惊。we were shocked at their terrible working conditions.我们看到他们如此恶劣的工作条件感到大为吃惊。夯实基础(1)the bad news left us all speechless with/from shock.那条坏消息使我们震惊的说不出话来。(2)the news of his wifes death was a shock to him.他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。(3)he is shocked to see her smoking.看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。2 rescue sb./sth.from sth.从中营救go/come to ones rescue去/来救某人we were about to close down the business，but the bank went/came to our rescue with a huge loan.我们几乎要停业，但银行借出了一大笔钱救了我们。rescuers searched the rubble for survivors.救援人员在瓦砾中搜寻幸存者。词义辨析rescue，save(1)rescue意为“营救，救援”，指从危险中迅速有效地援救、抢救，一般指人，也指抢救东西不致毁坏。(2)save意为“拯救、救出”，是普通用语，指使受害者或物品摆脱危险，使其生存或保存下来。夯实基础用rescue，save的适当形式填空(1)we are informed that more firefighters will be sent there to rescue the victims.(2)actually，it was a young policeman that saved his daughters life.3 be bound to一定或注定做；有责任或义务做be bound up in sth.忙于某事；热衷于某事be bound up with和密切相关ill be bound ！一定！保证！china is bound to consume enormous amounts of raw materials as it develops.中国在其发展过程中一定会消耗数量巨大的原料。we are bound to obey the law.我们有义务遵守法律。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)his career is bound up with the fortunes of the enterprise.(2)he is bound up in his research work.(3)i support your decision，but i should also make it clear that i am not going to be bound to carry it out.4 injury n伤口；伤害；损害injured adj.受伤的a number of bombs have exploded，seriously injuring at least five people.数个炸弹爆炸，造成至少5人重伤。the two other passengers escaped serious injury.另外两名乘客逃过一劫，未受重伤。图解助记词义辨析injure，hurt，harm，wound(1)injure意为“伤害，损害”，一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。(2)hurt意为“疼痛，受伤”，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，常有强烈的疼痛感。(3)harm意为“伤害”，用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时也指引起不安或不便。(4)wound意为“受伤，伤口”，通常指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害。夯实基础用injure，hurt，harm，wound的适当形式填空(1)it hurt me to think that he would lie to me.(2)two women have been badly injured in the accident.(3)luckily no one got wounded in the battle.(4)he hurt his back playing squash.(5)dont harm your eyes by reading in poor light.单项填空1an explosion at a coal mine killed at least 62 workers and left another 13 missing.yes， news came as shock to us all.athe；the b/；/c/；a dthe；a答案d解析答句句意为：是的，这条新闻对我们所有人而言，都是一件令人震惊的事。the news指上文已提到的事件；a shock指一件令人震惊的事故。选d项。2how can i take this medicine，sir?just follow the on the bottle.ainformation badvicescdirections dexplanations答案c解析information信息，情报，资料；advice建议；direction说明书；explanation解释，说明。从句意看，只有c项符合题意。3all the visitors were from the burning hostel and the two injured were by doctors from a nearby hospital.asaved；rescued brescuing；savedcrescued；saved dsaving；saved答案c解析rescue意为“营救，救援”，指从危险中迅速有效地援救、抢救，一般指人，也指抢救东西不致毁坏；save意为“拯救、救出”，是普通用语，指使受害者或物品摆脱危险，使其生存或保存下来。故选c项。4he was to death on seeing the frightening scene.ascared bscaringcscare dto scare答案a解析考查固定短语。be scared to death吓死了，吓得要死。5you are to win the game if you have faith in yourself.abound bsoundcpossible dprobable答案a解析考查固定短语。be bound to一定/注定做。6the train accident resulted in heavy casualties，with more than fifty people seriously .ainjured bdestroyedcdamaged dharmed答案a解析injure主要指在意外事故中受伤，符合句意。7free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as sicknesses.anormal bregularcaverage dordinary答案d解析句意为：该国免费医疗包括心理疾病和常见的疾病。ordinary普通的，常见的；normal正常的；regular有规律的；average平均的。8mum，its nice weather.i want to skate this afternoon.dont you think the ice on the lake is too thin to your weight?astand bbearccatch dtake答案b解析stand忍耐，忍受；bear除“忍耐，忍受”之外还有“承受，负载”之意。.汉译英这幅画所传递的信息是清楚的。(clear)(2011北京开放作文)the message conveyed in the picture is clear.1i have committed myself to accepting her invitation and cannot draw back.2dont play stupid with me.you took away my camera.3they are those who dont believe in any religion.4he lost control of his bicycle and fell down.5we must not let the news about his death get out.6i joked and we burst out laughing.7the quiet girl has come to life since she lived with her grandma.8the cliff shoots up to a height of several hundred metres.1 draw upon/on凭借；利用；依赖；动用；临近draw up草拟；(车)停下来draw sb.s attention to引起的注意draw a conclusion from从中得出结论draw ones eye吸引某人的目光draw a lesson吸取教训he drew on his experience as a driver to make a documentary programme.他凭借曾经做过驾驶员的经验制作了一档纪实节目。夯实基础(1)in order to be a good writer，you have to draw upon your imagination and life experience(利用你的想像力和生活经验)(2)drawing upon his own efforts(凭借自己的努力)，he succeeded in getting the job in that company in the end.2 push out推出；撵走；长出；伸出；驶出push over推倒，推翻push through完成(事务)；冲过，穿过；(树叶等)长出；使(提案)获得通过the agreement could push up oil prices today.该协议可能会推高今日油价。she tried in vain to push through the crowd.她怎么也无法从人群中挤过去。夯实基础用适当的介、副词填空(1)sam pushed me over in the playground.(2)the government is pushing the changes through before the election.(3)the war has pushed up food prices.单项填空1my sister the league last month and she has decided to the activity to help the aged next week.ajoined；take partbjoined in；take part incjoined in；take partdjoined；take part in答案d解析join指加入某组织并成为其中一员，join the league表示“入团”；join in指参加已在进行的比赛或活动；take part in the activity表示“参加活动”。2we were intended to meet with tom at the school gate to play football this afternoon，but he hasnt until now.ashown up bshown offcshown around dshown on答案a解析句意为：今天下午我们本打算在校门口和汤姆会面后去踢球，但他直到现在还没露面。show up出现，露面；show off炫耀；show around领某人参观某地。由句意可知a项正确。3john is not here today.who can him in the game?areplace btake the placecinstead of din spite of答案a解析句意为：今天约翰不在这儿，谁能在这场游戏中代替他？replace代替，符合语意。b项接宾语时要加of；c项为介词短语；d项意为“尽管”。4im planning to hold a party in the open air，but i can make no guarantees because it the weather.alinks with bdepends oncconnects to ddecides on答案b解析link with和联系起来；depend on取决于，依靠；connect to连接；decide on做出决定。根据句意选b。5learning that the president would come to see them，they .acame to life bcame into existenceccame off dcame about答案a解析come to life变得活跃；come into existence形成；come off从掉下；come about发生。根据句意选a项。.汉译英1如果你想买东西，你最好草拟一个购物单。(draw up)if you want to buy something，youd better draw up a shopping list.2从现在起你可以独自工作了。(from now on)from now on you can work on your own.用分词改写划线部分(1)our neighbour fell off a ladder and broke his arm.our neighbour fell off a ladder，breaking his arm.(2)in view of the effort we put in，the rewards arent very great.considering/given the effort we put in，the rewards arent very great.(3)if you judge by toms attitude，he isnt going to go along with our plans.judging by/from toms attitude，he isnt going to go along with our plans.用倒装句式翻译下面的句子(1)我很少见玛丽如此不安。(seldom)seldom did i see mary so upset.(2)横跨大河有一座新建的桥。(lie)across the river lies a newly built bridge.(3)尽管他们很快乐，但总缺少点什么。(as)happy as they were，there was something missing.(4)昨天晚上我去看电影了，我妹妹和弟弟也去了。(so)i went to a movie last night，so did my sister and brother.1only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake.结果发现大楼已和烙饼一样平。only to do.“不料，反而，结果却”，是动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料不到的情况，有时前面也可不加only；而现在分词作结果状语表示“自然而然的结果”。he hurried to the airport only to be told that the film star had left.他匆忙赶到机场，却被告知那位电影明星已经离开了。夯实基础(1)the man hurriedly returned home，only to find he had left his key in the office.这个人匆匆忙忙地回到家，结果发现他把钥匙落在办公室了。(2)he went to swim in the river nearby，never to come back again.他去附近的河里游泳，结果再也没有回来。(3)football is played in so many countries，making it the most popular sport in the world.足球运动在那么多国家开展，从而使得它成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动。2 there is no need to do.做是没必要的there is no hope of doing.做是没希望的there is no possibility that.做是不可能的there is no sense (in) doing.做是不明智的there is no point (in) doing.做是没意义的there/it is no use doing.做是没用的it is no good doing.做是没好处的there is no need to go so early.没有必要去这么早。there is no sense in writing such a story.写这样一个故事是没有意义的。there is no point in arguing with him further.再和他争吵也没有什么意义。夯实基础翻译句子(1)你的焦虑是不必要的。theres no need for you to be anxious.(2)他的处境没有改善的希望。theres no hope of improving his condition.(3)他们没有可能在选举中获胜。there is no possibility that they will win in the election.(4)这样做是不明智的。there is no sense in doing this.单项填空1these wild flowers are so special that i would do i can to save them.awhatever bthatcwhich dwhichever答案a解析句中i can后省略了do，缺少宾语，因而用whatever引导宾语从句，意为“无论什么，不管什么事情”。2every athlete to be on the playground before the competition begins.ais guessed bis thoughtcis ought dis supposed答案d解析句意为：在比赛开始之前每个运动员都应该到操场上来。be supposed to do应该，被期望或要求。3 the classroom，the students went out to play football on the playground.acleaned bhad cleanedccleaning dhaving cleaned答案d解析此处用分词的完成式作状语，表示这一动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。4theres no use about it now.what is needed is your solid action.ato talk btalkingcto talking dtalk答案b解析句意为：对于这件事现在讨论是没有用了，需要的是你们的实际行动。theres/its no use doing sth.做是没用的，固定句型。5there is no point with him，because he wont listen to anybody.ato argue byou arguecin arguing dfor arguing答案c解析句意为：跟他争辩是没有意义的，因为他不听任何人的话。theres no point (in) doing sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事是没有意义的”。6the great wall is tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.aso a wellknownba so wellknowncsuch wellknown adsuch a wellknown答案d解析考查搭配“sucha(n)形容词名词；so形容词a(n)名词”。.汉译英1他来时，我们将点燃蜡烛为他唱生日快乐。(when)(2012大纲全国书面表达)when he comes，well light the candles and sing “happy birthday” together for him.2我撕开盒子，却发现有些零件不见了。(only to do)i tore the box，only to discover that some of the parts were missing.1george returned after the war，only that his wife had left him.(2012山东，26)ato be told btellingcbeing told dtold答案a解析句意为：战后乔治回到了家，结果被告知说他妻子已离他而去。四个选项均为非谓语动词形式，且本题前半句是个完整的句子，故应考虑非谓语动词作状语的情况。动词不定式作结果状语时表意料之外的结果，前面常有标志词only；而现在分词作结果状语时表自然而然的结果。由语境知应该选动词不定式，他是“被告知”妻子离他而去的，故选a项。2the research lacks evidence，and therefore，its conclusions are doubtful.(2012浙江，10)asolid bfiercecsevere dpotential答案a解析句意为：研究缺乏实证(solid evidence)，因此所得出的结论还有待考证。fierce激烈的；severe严重的；potential有潜力的，均不符合语境。3im so glad youve come here to this matter in person.(2012湖北，24)alead to bsee tocturn to drefer to答案b解析句意为：很高兴你能亲自来处理这件事。b项意为“处理”，符合句意。a项意为“导致”；c项意为“向求助”；d项意为“参考”，都与句意不符。4after getting lost in a storm，a member of the navy team four days later.(2011上海，31)arescued bwas rescuedchas rescued dhad been rescued答案b解析主语和rescue之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。5only when he reached the teahouse it was the same place hed been in last year.(2011大纲全国，28)ahe realized bhe did realizecrealized he ddid he realize答案d解析句意为：只有到了茶馆时，他才意识到这是他去年来过的同一个地方。“only副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。6tom in the library every night over the last three months.(2011北京，23)aworks bworkedchas been working dhad been working答案c解析句意为：在过去的三个月里，汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆工作。根据时间状语over the last three months可知，本句应该用现在完成进行时，故c项正确。7at the meeting place of the yangtze river and the jialing river ，one of the ten largest cities in china.(2010重庆，33)alies chongqing bchongqing liescdoes lie chongqing ddoes chongqing lie答案a解析句意为：在长江和嘉陵江汇合的地方，坐落着中国十大城市之一的重庆。at引导的介词短语表示地点且置于句首，因此要用全部倒装语序。8ive got to go now.must you？i you could stay for dinner with us.(2009重庆，28)athink bthoughtchave thought dam thinking答案b解析句意为：我现在必须得走了。必须走吗？我原以为你会留下来和我们共进晚餐呢。由句意知，“我原来认为你会”，时间发生在过去，故用一般过去时态。9hearing the dog barking fiercely，away .(2009上海，38)afleeing the thief bwas fleeing the thiefcthe thief was fleeing dfled the thief答案d解析away置于句首时，句子应用全部倒装语序。a项不是完整的句子；b项时态不对；c项是正常语序，故选d项。.单项填空1in front of the whole audience，premiere wen made his promise the government would try its best to solve the problem of poverty in china.awhat bwhichcthat dwhether答案c解析考查名词性从句。that引导同位语从句，作promise的同位语。2the building， the roof was destroyed in the big fire yesterday，is actually a small hospital.awhose bof whichcwhich dwhich of答案b解析考查非限制性定语从句。“这幢楼的屋顶”可表示为of which the roofthe roof of whichwhose roof。3there are not many teachers are strong advocates of traditional methods in english teaching.awhom bwhichcwho dwhose答案c解析句意为：在英语教学中坚决主张采用传统教学方法的教师为数不多。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词teachers，who在从句中作主语。4that english fellows songs are very poetic. the words to the songs，but he also composes the music.ahe also writesbalthough he writescnot only does he writedhe doesnt write答案c解析not only.but also.(不但而且)为固定句型。not only放在句首，其后的主谓部分倒装。5the little boy stay alone when his parents are out.adares not to bdares notcdare not to ddare not答案d解析dare既可做情态动词，也可做实义动词。用做情态动词时，其一般现在时没有词形变化，在构成疑问句和否定句时，也不借助do。用做实义动词时，具有单数第三人称、过去时、过去分词和现在分词的形式，在构成疑问句和否定句时，需要借助do，而且在与动词不定式连用时，还需带介词to。故选d项。6 what he can do.he might get a job tomorrow.he might stay out of work for weeks.awe didnt know bhe doesnt knowcthere is no knowing dit was known that答案c解析there is/was no knowing/telling.没法知道/说。7many parents feel that their childs iq is determines how well they are going to do in their future life.awhat bthatcwhich dwhere答案a解析what引导表语从句，what the thing that。8by the time jane gets home，her aunt for london to attend a meeting.awill leave bleavescwill have left dleft答案c解析此题中从句中为by the time一般现在时，主句中应用将来完成时。9 recent report stated that the number of spanish speakers in the us.would be higher than the number of english speakers by year 2090.aa；the ba；/cthe；/ dthe；a答案a解析a recent report 一份近来的报告，是泛指；第二个空填the，表特指2090年。10he hasnt got any hobbies you call watching tv a hobby.aif bunlesscwhen dsince答案b解析句意为：他没有任何爱好，除非你称看电视也是一种爱好。unless除非。.完形填空amr.johnson worked in an office.he was short and fat，looking like a fortyyear though he was no more than thirtyfive.he was 1 three thousand dollars a month and had his own house and car.but he was very miserly (吝啬的) and had few 2 .he took good care of nobody but himself.he was introduced to several girls，but he never bought any presents for them and no girl liked a man like him.so he had to 3 alone in the beautiful ho