Ernest_Hemingway.ppt

ErnestHemingway 1899 1961 海明威 ERNESTHEMINGWAY ErnestMillerHemingway July21 1899 July2 1961 HemingwaywasbornandraisedinOakPark Illinois Afterleavinghighschoolheworkedforafewmonthsasareporter beforeleavingfortheItalianfronttobecomeanambulancedriverduringWorldWarI hewasseriouslyinjuredandreturnedhomewithintheyear In1922HemingwaymarriedHadleyRichardson thefirstofhisfourwives andthecouplemovedtoParis whereheworkedasaforeigncorrespondent Duringhistimetherehemetandwasinfluencedbywritersandartistsofthe1920sexpatriatecommunityknownasthe LostGeneration Hisfirstnovel TheSunAlsoRises waswrittenin1924 AfterdivorcingHadleyRichardsonin1927HemingwaymarriedPaulinePfeiffer theydivorcedfollowingHemingway sreturnfromcoveringtheSpanishCivilWar afterwhichhewroteForWhomtheBellTolls MarthaGellhornbecamehisthirdwifein1940 butheleftherforMaryWelshHemingwayafterWorldWarII duringwhichhewaspresentatD DayandtheliberationofParis ShortlyafterthepublicationofTheOldManandtheSeain1952Hemingwaywentonsafari 非洲的狩猎旅行 toAfrica wherehewasalmostkilledinaplanecrashthatlefthiminpainorill healthformuchoftherestofhislife HemingwayhadpermanentresidencesinKeyWest Florida andCubaduringthe1930sand40s butin1959hemovedfromCubatoIdaho wherehecommittedsuicideinthesummerof1961 海明威与第一任妻子哈德莉和儿子班比 尽情享受的海明威与第三任妻子马莎 海明威与第四任妻子玛莉和他姐姐 1921 1927 海明威的第二任妻子波琳正在驯服她总是坐不住的丈夫 1940 1946 Hisfirstmarriage Hemingway sfirstwifewasHadleyRichardson Andtheymarriedinacountrychurchin1921 ThoughHadleywaseightyearsolderthanHemingway shewastalented tallandslender andhadacharmingappearance asthejustwomanhewantedinhiseyes Hemingwayhasauniquepersonality sointheirdailylifeHadleywasdifficulttogetalongwithhim Hemingwaydevotedallhistimetowritingwithoutsayinganywordsathome nottomentiondoinganyhousework whilehiswifecouldonlystaybyherselfalone Afterthebirthoftheirson John in1923 therift 裂痕 betweenthecouplewasmoreobvious Atlasttheirmarriagefellapartandtheyweredivorcedin1928 becauseHadleydiscoveredthatherhusbandandawomanwerehavinganaffair Hissecondmarriage Hemingway ssecondwifewasPaulineMariePfeiffer theymarriedonMay10 1927 Butitwasnotamatchmadeinheaven Shewaswealthyandhewasabest sellingauthorwiththreebooksinprint Althoughtheyhadtwosons PaulinewasoftenforcedtochoosebetweenfollowingHemingwayonhistravelsormindinghersons Asaresultshefailedatbothsetsofrelationships HemingwaywenttoSpainin1937andtherebegananaffairwithMarthaGellhorn HeandPaulineweredivorcedonNovember4 1940andhemarriedMarthaGellhornthreeweekslater Histhirdmarriage MarthaGellhornwasanAmericannovelist travelwriterandjournalist MarthaGellhornfirstmetHemingwayinKeyWestin1936 Theyweremarriedin1940 MartharesentedherreflectedfameasHemingway sthirdwife remarkingthatshehadnointentionofbeingafootnoteinsomeoneelse slife Hemingwaywasself centeredtodominateall butMarthahadengagedinjournalismandcreativeambition SowhenMarthawasworkingoutside Hemingwayfeltlonelyanddepressed Buttheyalwaysquarreledforpoliticalissueswhentheymeteachother Atlast theyhadnothingincommonanymore Thethirdmarriagewasbrokenin1945 Hisforthmarriage ThelastmarriagewasthelongestwithMaryWelsh whowasanAmericanjournalist 新闻工作者 HemingwaymetMaryinLondonin1944andsoontheybecameintimate 亲密的 TheceremonyoftheirweddingwastakenplaceinCubainAugust1946 BeforelongMaryWelshhadamiscarriageduetoanectopic 异常的 pregnancy Thedoctorthoughtthatitisfutureless butHemingwayinsistedonoperating Finally shewassavedandappreciatedtohim Althoughtheforthmarriagelasteduntilthefinal Hemingwaywascovetedinmanyotherwomen whichMarywasverytiredabout butalwayscompromise Shesufferedfrommorepainthananyoneofhisthreeformerwives TheLostGeneration迷惘的一代 TheLostGeneration迷惘的一代 Definition termappliedtothedisillusionedintellectualsandaestheticist审美主义者oftheyearsfollowingWWI whorebelledagainstformeridealsandvaluesbutcouldreplacethemonlybydespairoracynicalhedonism享乐主义 ThisincludedtheyoungEnglishandAmericanexpatriates移居国外者aswellasmenandwomencaughtinthewarandcutofffromtheoldvaluesandyetunabletocometotermswiththenewerawhencivilizationhadgonemad Timeperiod 1920sSourceofthename GertrudeStein 格特鲁德 斯坦因 prefacetoTheSunAlsoRises Commoncharacteristics ComingofageduringtheWar havingsomethingtodowithitDisillusionedandantagonistic敌对的againstwarUnhappyaboutAmericancultureExpatiatesinParisMajorrepresentatives Hemingway Fitzgerald E E Cummings SherwoodAnderson ThomasWolfe Eliot Pound ErnestHemingway LifeandexperiencesLeadingspokesmanforthe lostgeneration novelist short storywriter journalistwarexperiencesinItaly Spain lifeinParis Cuba4marriages relationwithStein Anderson1954 theNobelPrize1961 suicide LiteraryWorks TheSunAlsoRises 1926 太阳照样升起 paintstheimageofawholegeneration thelostgeneration spiritualcrisis AFarewelltoArms 1929 永别了 武器 basedonhiswarexperienceinItaly alovetragedyintheWar theloverscalled modernRomeoandJuliet firmlyestablishedH sreputation ForWhomtheBellTolls 1940 丧钟为谁而鸣 战地钟声 BasedonhisexperienceasajournalistinSpainduringitscivilwar anti Fascism TheOldManandtheSea 1952 老人与海 Oneofhisbest winningtheNobelPrize Shortstorycollections MenwithoutWomen 1927 没有女人的男人 WinnerTakeNothing 1933 胜者无所得 Play TheFifthColumn 1940 第五纵队 Majorthemes 1 HemingwayThemewithaHemingwayHero Inonesense Hemingwaywroteallhislifeaboutonetheme whichisneatlysummedupinthefamousphrase graceunderpressure andcreatedaherowhoactsthatthemeout Hemingwayhero isamanofactionwhocoollyexhibits graceunderpressure whileconfrontingdeath 2 War Violent meaningless chaotic purposelessslaughter 3 Death 4 Love asaresponsetothehorrorsofwarandtheworld HenryandCatherine 5 Fishing Boxing Bullfighting Drinking Thenovelistwaswidelyquotedassaying Mywritingisnothing Myboxingiseverything Style PapaHemingwayandhisnewstyle Simplicity economyofexpressionDiction concrete specific commonlyfound Anglo Saxon casualandconversationalwords withfewadverbsoradjectivesSyntax short simplesentences whichareorderlyandpatterned conversationalandsometimesungrammatical Anear stream of consciousness narrationandinteriormonologue Deceptive导致误解的simplicity TheIcebergTheoryisawritingtheorystatedbyAmericanwriterErnestHemingwayasfollows Ifawriterofproseknowsenoughaboutwhatheiswritingabouthemayomitthingsthatwillhaveafeelingofthosethingsasstronglyasthoughthewriterhadstatedthem Thedignityofmovementofanicebergisduetoonlyone eighthofitbeingabovewater Agoodwriterdoesnotneedtorevealeverydetailofacharacteroraction Thisstatementthrowslightonthesymbolicimplicationsofart DefinitionofCodeHero Hemingway HemingwaydefinedtheCodeHeroas amanwholivescorrectly followingtheidealsofhonor courageandenduranceinaworldthatissometimeschaotic oftenstressful andalwayspainful TheCodeHeromeasureshimselfbyhowwelltheyhandlethedifficultsituationsthatlifethrowsathim IntheendtheCodeHerowilllosebecauseweareallmortal butthetruemeasureishowapersonfacesdeath TheCodebelievesin Nada aSpanishwordmeaningnothing Alongwiththis thereisnoafterl