山东省胶南市大场镇中心中学八年级英语下册《Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park Section A》导学案（无答案） 人教新目标版.doc

山东省胶南市大场镇中心中学八年级英语下册unit 9 have you ever been to an amusement park section a导学案 人教新目标版unit9 have you ever been to an amusement park?(section a)教师寄语：custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。一、学习目标1) 单词与短语neither，amusement，character，disneyland, mickey mouse, donald duck, seen, theme, attraction, roller coaster, cruise, board, on board, route, end up, island,especially2)目标句型：1. have you ever been to?yes，i have. /no，i havent.2. i/he/she has / have never been to3. where have you been?3) 语法现在完成时态。二、教学重点和难点1教学重点：现在完成时态。2教学难点：现在完成时态。三、知识链接现在完成进行时态。四、学法指导：通过小组合作学习，探究讨论，结合导学案及相关资料理解各知识点，掌握本节学习内容。五、导学过程：1. 组长带领组员预习现在完成进行时。2. 组长带领组员通读课本from page 69 to 70,理解其含义并完成表格。3. 组长带领组员熟读课文，并指定课堂朗读人选。4. 组长带领组员找出课本(from page 69 to 70)的重要短语、句子。 并指定课堂展示人选。5. 现在完成时态（the present perfect tense）(一)用法现在完成时态的含义是表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。特点是既涉及过去，又联系现在：动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。he has cleaned the blackboard. look! the blackboard is so clean now.(他已经擦过黑板了。)这句话所表示的结果是黑板现在是干净的。现在完成时态，动作发生在过去，与现在的联系有两种（过去 现在），故其用法有两种。（涉及两个时间）1.表示过去发生的动作，没延续到现在，但对现在仍有影响。强调现在的状态。谓语动词是非延续性的。i closed the door just now.the door is closed now.i have closed the door.(关门的动作发生在过去，未延续到现在，只是对现在造成了影响，即强调门现在关上了。)影响 past now futuresomeone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了。（窗户现在仍然还是破的）hes been ill. 他刚生过病。（指现在他的脸色还不好。）i have posted the photos.（强调照片不在我这了。）i have had my lunch. (强调我现在不饿了。)标志词：现在完成时态第一种用法常用already, yet, just, never, ever, before等adv.作状语。1）already，用于肯定句句中或句尾。变否、问句时，already变成yet.i have already posted the photos.i have posted the photos already.2) yet, 用于否定句和疑问句，位于句尾或助v.后。yet在否定句中意为“还，仍然”；在疑问句中意为“已经”。i havent yet posted the photos.have you posted the photos yet? no, not yet.*i have already finished my work.(改为否定句和一般疑问句)i havent finished my work _.have you finished you work _?3) before, 用于句尾，单独使用。（ago不独用，用于一般过去时）have you read the book before?ive never seen such a person before.4) just, ever, never用于助v.后，行为v.前。ever意为“曾经”,常用句型have you ever.? 其否定回答常用never。例：have you ever been to beijing? (否定回答) never.i have just / ever / never seen the film.2. 表示过去发生的动作或状态持续到现在，还可能继续下去。谓语动词为延续性动词，句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语，如：since结构，for+一段时间，recently, lately, these days; in the last / past three years by the end of ,（到为止）so far (到目前为止)， by now=up to now, today等。shes been there for over two years 她在那两年多了。theyve lived here since 1989/ since they came to this city.i have learned about 2000 english words so far.注意：常用how long .? 提问现在完成时的时间。持续 past now future(二)谓语结构： have/has+过去分词1)have/has是助. has是三单形式2) 过去分词构成a）规则构成 + ed (构成方法同过去式构成) a)直加ed workworked playplayed staystayed passpassed b)去加ed或直加d, likeliked livelived c)双写加ed, stopstopped dropdropped shopshopped triptripped shipshipped planplanned d) 辅y变i加ed, studystudied crycried worryworriedb) 不规则构成 课本最后一页不规则动词表。c) +ed读音 _(三) 句型www.*肯定句：1）we have finished our homework. 2）she has seen the film.变否定句：_ _变一般疑问句并回答：_ _否定回答有时也可用“no，not yet.”或“no，never.”划线提问（特殊疑问句）：_ _3) he has done his homework for three hours.(划线提问)_(四)延续性动词和非延续性动词1）延续性动词：动作可持续一段时间，可和for, since等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。2）非延续性动词：动作不能持久，一瞬间就结束，不能延续，或表示一次性动作，也叫短暂性动词、瞬间动词、终止性动词。不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。常见这类动词有 come, go, leave, begin, start, arrive, reach, see, die, join, get up, borrow, lend, buy, finish, end, become, hear from等。*判断正误如有错误并改正:he has come back. ( )_he has come back for 3 days. ( )_i have borrowed the book. ( )_i have borrowed the book since last week. ( )_i have got up for an hour. ( )_he has died for 10 years. ( )_3)非延续性动词的否定式已成为一种可延续性状态，可以和for, since等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。i havent seen him for a long time. / since he left.i havent heard from him for half a year.i havent borrowed books for two months.4) 非延续性v. 可以转换为延续性v.，有以下几种情况：a)用相应的延续性动词buyhave; borrowkeep/have; put onwear; catch(get) a coldhave a cold; come/go/becomebeb)转换成“be + n.”形式join the partybe a party member join the armybe a soldiergo to schoolbe a studentc)转换成“be + adj./adv.”形式diebe dead; finishbe over; beginbe on; leavebe away; fall asleepbe asleep; wake upbe awake; get upbe up; closebe closed; openbe opend) 转换成“be + 介词短”语形式go to schoolbe in school; join the armybe in the army5)practice：a)他回来已三天了。b)他离家已有两个月了。c)他父亲已死了三年了。d)他已睡了一小时了。e)这场电影已经开始一小时了。六、学习小结我的收获:_七、达标检测：翻译下列句子1）-你哥哥参军了吗？-他参军了。-他什么时候参军的？-他是1990年参军的。他参军已5年了。2）-你父亲去哪了？-他去美国了。他是3年前去的。他在那儿已呆了3年了。3） i _ an english-chinese dictionary. when_ you_ it? yesterday afternoon.a. have bought , did , buy b. buy , do , buyc. have bought, will, buy d. buy, have, buy八、布置作业同步练习册sectiona部分.unit9 have you ever been to an amusement park?(section b)教师寄语：custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。一、学习目标1) 单词与短语exchange student, attendant, flight attendant, discover, requirement, guide, tour guide2)目标句型：1. where do you want to go?2. how long have you been doing?3. what do you like best about doing sth.?4. what kind of job do you want?5. how do/did you do sth.?3) 语法现在完成时态。二、教学重点和难点1教学重点：现在完成时态。2教学难点：现在完成时态。三、知识链接现在完成进行时态。四、学法指导：通过小组合作学习，探究讨论，结合导学案及相关资料理解各知识点，掌握本节学习内容。五、导学过程：1. 组长带领组员复习现在完成进行时。2. 组长带领组员通读课本from page 71 to 72,理解其含义并完成表格。3. 组长带领组员熟读3a课文，并指定课堂朗读人选。4. 组长带领组员找出课本(from page 71 to 72)的重要短语、句子。 并指定课堂展示人选。5. language points：(一)have been to / have gone to区别1)have been to表示曾经去过某处，但现在人不在那了。可以和次数连用。i have been to beijing. i went there last year.i have been to shanghai twice.如遇到adv.(where, here, there, home, abroad)省略to.have you ever been abroad?where have you been?2)have gone to 已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或返回途中，或已在那了。着重指现在人不在这儿，常用于第三人称。where has he gone? he has gong to shanghai.practice: beijingsanheshanghai(二)have been in/at + 地点 + 一段时间已在某地呆了一段时间，地点为adv.时，省略介词。he has been in america for 5 years. / a long time.how long have you been in sydney?how long have you been here/there/abroad?翻译下列句子，体会其含义：a)i have been in the hospital for 2 years? _b)i have been to the hospital twice. _c)she has already gone to the hospital. _(三)现在完成时态和一般过去时态的区别：现在完成时态：既涉及过去，又联系现在。动作是过去发生的，结果是现在存在的。主要说明现在的情况。不和表示过去的时间状语连用，如，last year, in 1980等。一般过去时态: 单纯强调动作发生在过去某一时间，和现在不发生联系，和表示过去的时间状语连用。www.i have been to beijing. i went there last year.he has lived here since 1980.he lived here in 1980.(四)现在完成时态与现在完成进行时态的区别：have/has been + 现在分词1)谓语结构不同 have/has + 过去分词2)现在完成进行时态更强调动作的延续性，它是现在完成时态第二种用法的强调形式。i have been doing my homework for two hours.过去开始做，现在尚未完成，还在做，将继续做下去。i have done my homework for two hours.过去开始做，现在可能已完成，也可能未完成。（五）用于现在完成时的句型1)it is the first / second timethat结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。it is the first time that i have visited the city.it was the third time that the boy had been late.2) it/this/that is the+最高级+名词+that.结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.this is the best film that ive (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。this is the first time (that) ive heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。*(1) -do you know our town at all? -no, this is the first time i _ here.a. was b. have been c. came d. am coming*(2) -have you _ been to our town before? -no, its the first time i _ here.a. even, come b. even, have come c. ever, come d. ever, have come(六) me，neither./ neither + 助/be/情态动词+同一个主语me，neither.是口语化的简略回答。一般情况下用neither have i，为“neither + 助/be/情态动词+同一个主语”结构，neither在此意为“也不”，同nor;表示主语所做的动作与前面提到过的人或事相同，是为了避免语言重复，其中的助/be/情态动词在时态上与前一句保持一致，而在数上要与其后的主语一致。例如： i cant swim. 我不会游泳。 neither can i. 我也不会。i dont want to go, neither will i. 我不想去，也不会去。he didnt go to school. neither did she. 他没去上学，她也没去。若在肯定句中表示“也”，则要用“so +助/be/情态动词”。i am a student，so is my sister. 我是学生，我妹妹也是学生。he can swim，so can i. 他会游泳，我也会。i feel happy，so does he. 我高兴，他也高兴。(七) hear，hear of与hear from(1)hear为及物动词，意为“听见，听到”，后可跟复合宾语，hear sb do sth表示“听见某人做了某事”或hear sb doing sth表示“听见某人正做某事”。we listened but could hear nothing.我们留心听，却什么也没有听见。i heard her singing in her room. 我听见她正在房间里唱歌。(2)hear还可作“听说”讲，后常跟that引导的宾语从句。 i heard that he was ill. 我听说他病了。 i heard that its a good film. 我听说那是部好影片。(3)hear of意为“听说”，介词短语，后跟人或物作宾语。 ive never heard of that place. 我从未听说过那个地方。 have you ever heard of that story?你听说过那个故事吗？(4)hear from意为“收到某人的来信”，后跟人作宾语。 how often do you hear from your sister? 你多长时间收到你姐姐的一次信？ i heard from him last week. 我上周收到他的信。(八)discover, invent, find, find out, look for用法辨析(1) discover动词,“发现”,指发现已经存在但不为人所知道的事物,有时也指认识到某种情况.columbus discovered america in1492. 哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。i soon discovered the truth. 不久我便知道了真相。 (2)invent动词,“发明”,表示发明了以前没有或不存在的事物。edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了灯泡。(3)find动词,“找到，发现”,指通过寻找发现某人、某物,强调的是找的结果they found the lost boy in the cave。他们在山洞里发现了那个走丢的男孩。 he didnt find his bike. 他没找到他的自行车。(4)find out意为“找出，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚，弄明白”，通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义，指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西。please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。read this passage，and find out the answer to this question. (5)look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调“寻找”这一动作。i dont find my pen；im looking for it everywhere.he is looking for his shoes. 他在找他的鞋子。(九)it was because i could speak english that i got the job.正是因为我会讲英语我才得到了这份工作。这是一个强调句型，强调原因状语从句。强调句型的句式是“it+be+被强调成分+that/who/whom+原句其他部分”。被强调的是简单句的主语、宾语、宾补或状语，不能强调谓语、定语或表语。强调对象是人作主语时可用who，作宾语时用whom，其余一律用that。jim shot a bear yesterday.改为强调句型it was jim that / who shot a bear yesterday.it was a bear that jim shot yesterday.it was yesterday that jim shot a bear.it was at the gate of the school that i met tom. 正是在校门口我见到汤姆