【步步高】（四川专用）高考英语二轮复习 专题知识与增分策略 第三部分 书面表达 分类突破(1).DOCVIP

专题知识与增分策略 第三部分 书面表达 分类突破一、提纲类作文写作要求提纲类作文是近年高考书面表达的热点题型。它往往以列要点或用表格的形式呈现给考生相关信息，通常有较多的文字说明，对考生需要表达的内容有明确的要求和一定的限制。考查形式有书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。这就要求考生在动笔之前，应该认真审题，弄清楚题目与提纲之间的关系及文章内容与提纲之间的关系，然后确定文章的中心思想及各个段落的中心思想，提炼出完美的段落主题句，保证段落中的内容能够充分展开并且符合题意。写作步骤1仔细审题，明确要求审读所给信息，弄清楚所要表达的内容要点，然后对所给的信息进行梳理，可根据内容要点适当调整写作顺序，使文章行文连贯。2列全要点，即提纲要点化，然后写作成文。此时我们就必须在大脑中将各种信息点补充完整，适时使用高级词汇和复杂句式。要根据提示将要点表达清楚，使文章的内容完整、饱满、要点齐全，注意适当增加细节。同时注意句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间要有合理的过渡衔接。3检查核实，确保无误。写作例题(2013四川)某中学生英文报近期开辟专栏，讨论学习习惯问题。请你结合自身学习实际，按以下提示，用英文为该专栏写一篇稿件。1说明学习习惯与学习效果之间的关系；2介绍一种好的学习习惯并提出养成该习惯的建议；3描述自己在学习习惯方面存在的某个问题并给出改进措施。注意：1.词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。its useful and necessary to discuss learning habits._参考范文it_is_useful_and_necessary_to_discuss_learning_habits.our good learning habits will make us study more easily and efficiently and absorb knowledge completely.time is precious for us students，so in my opinion，making a suitable timetable is necessary and important for us to make good use of our time.besides，the timetable should be updated according to the progress of our study from time to time.whats more，once the timetable is made，we should follow it strictly.but in fact，i often dont quite follow my timetable because of some reasons.for example，playing football and watching tv take up much of my spare time.so i think we should have our parents or someone else supervise us every day.a good learning habit is the key to success.to have a good learning habit is simple.just make good use of your time!跟踪训练(2013安徽)假设你校英语社团举办以“讲求文明，从我做起”为主题的征文活动，请你以“on the way to school”为题，写一篇英语短文。内容主要包括：1遵守交通法规；2注意举止文明。注意：1.词数120左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3短文的题目已为你拟好，不计入总词数。on the way to school_参考范文on the way to schoolthese days，breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon，causing serious harm to life and the environment.changing this situation requires considerable effort on the part of everyone.as for me，it should start on my way to school.i will keep traffic rules in mind all the way.if i ride a bike，ill always keep to the right and never cross a road until the traffic light turns green.if i walk，ill never forget to use the pedestrian crossing.meanwhile，i will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy.not only will i keep from littering and spitting anywhere，i will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.i hope my behavior will make a difference.(2013辽宁)一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英语稿件，介绍“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。写作要点：1它是中国的传统节日之一；2家人团聚；3赏月、吃月饼；4还有旅游、访友等其他活动。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：中秋节the midautumn festival农历lunar calendar赏月enjoy the full moon月饼moon cakethe midautumn festivalthe midautumn festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our chinese lunar calendar._参考范文the midautumn festivalthe_midautumn_festival_falls_on_the_15th_of_the_eighth_month_of_our_chinese_lunar_calendar.as one of the traditional chinese festivals，it has been enjoying great popularity in our country.usually，no matter how far away or how busy we are，we will try to return home for the celebration.the moon that night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month.what we love most is the time we enjoy the full moon together.with the beautiful moon up in the sky，we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit，sharing our stories.in addition to these traditional activities，we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.二、应用类作文写作要求应用类作文是高考英语书面表达最常见的一种考查形式。此类作文接近考生的生活实际，考生有话可说，能充分考查考生的真实写作水平。常见的应用文有书信、电子邮件、通知、日记、便条、启示、演讲稿等。尤其以书信、电子邮件所占比例最大。一般情况下作文的开头及结尾部分已经给出，只要求考生写主题部分。在应用文的写作中应注意以下两个方面：1作文内容力求语言平实、简洁、准确，句子不宜过长，让读者(或听众)很容易明白文章表达的基本信息。2不同的文体使用不同的人称和时态，在写作中人称时态要把握好。写作步骤下面就书信、日记、演讲稿为例简单介绍一下它们的写作步骤：1书信/电子邮件此类作文一般开头结尾都已给出，正文可根据作文要求分段把内容表达清楚即可。2日记/周记在写作时，一般先介绍活动的时间、地点、目的和内容，最后谈个人感受。3演讲稿演讲稿通常包括三部分：呼语(greeting)、正文(body)和结束语(closing)。写作时按这三部分的顺序表达即可。写作例题(2013天津)假设你是某大学的学生李津。你校英语俱乐部将选举新一届副主席，负责规划、组织俱乐部的相关活动，你欲参选。请按以下提示，写一篇竞选演讲稿。个人优势介绍(如性格、特长等)；组织校内活动的设想(如举办讲座、英语晚会等)；组织校际交流活动的设想(如举办辩论赛、演讲比赛等)；表达当选的愿望。注意：1.词数不少于100；2可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；3开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：副主席vice president竞选run forgood afternoon，my dear friends.my name is li jin._thank you.参考范文good_afternoon，my_dear_friends.my_name_is_li_jin.thanks a lot for having been given the chance to run for vice president of the students union.my hobby is widespread，which includes drawing，collecting stamps and so on.i am good at communicating and always ready to help others.im also positive and enthusiastic about new things.i have been class monitor since i came to our college，which brought me a strong ability of organization.if i become vice president，i will try my best to make the students union attractive by organizing various activities.i will organize schooltoschool activities，such as a debate and an english party.i will do what i can to enrich your lives.there will be many challenges ahead，but i have confidence that ill take on the burden.i sincerely hope you can give me a chance and im sure i will be a good president.thank_you.跟踪训练(2013陕西)假定你是李华。请根据写作要点用英语写一篇周记，记述你周末帮助家人做家务的一次经历。写作要点：1做家务的理由；2做家务的过程；3你的感受。注意：1.短文词数不少于100；2开头部分已写好，不计入总词数。i am an 18yearold middle school student._参考范文i_am_an_18yearold_middle_school_student.i have been busy with my study and seldom helped my parents with the housework.feeling quite sorry for that，i begin to think about what to do to help.last sunday，when my parents went out shopping，i suddenly got an idea: why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning？firstly i collected all the books，newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.then i wiped the dust off all the furniture.after that，i swept and mopped the floors.at this very moment，my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining.my mother gave me a hug and i could see satisfaction in her eyes.tired as i was，i never felt so happy.(2013新课标全国)假定你是李华。请你给笔友peter写封信，告诉他你叔叔李明将去他所在城市开会，带去他想要的那幅中国画，同时询问他是否可以接机。信中还需说明：李明：高个子，戴眼镜航班号：ca985到达：8月6日上午1130注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头语和结束语已为你写好。dear peter，how are you doing?_looking forward to your reply.yours，li hua参考范文dear_peter，how_are_you_doing?im writing to tell you that my uncle li ming is going to your city for a conference，and ive asked him to bring you the chinese painting youve asked for before.also，id like you to do me a favor.would you please meet my uncle at the airport and take him to his hotel since this is his first visit to the us.？thank you in advance!his flight number is ca985，and it will arrive at 1130 am，august 6.my uncle is tall and he is wearing glasses.and he will be in a blue jacket.looking_forward_to_your_reply.yours，li_hua三、开放、半开放类作文写作要求开放、半开放类作文往往给考生呈现有限的提示，留给考生更多思考的空间和自由发挥的余地。考生应仔细审题、确定文体，然后选择恰当的句式来准确表达题目要求的相关内容。这种题型旨在考查考生用英语思考的能力和在具体的语境中的英语表达能力。写作步骤1开放类作文表达时通常先描述显性的部分，按一定的顺序，如时间的先后或空间的转移，来组织材料。然后是隐性的部分，要紧扣主题或按照作文要求去表达，即揭示寓意，突出主题。隐性部分和显性部分一定有其必然的联系。2半开放类作文通常先描述材料的叙述部分。然后按材料要求对所给的要点自由发挥即可，但要符合生活实际，真实可信。写作例题(2013山东)假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你的美国朋友tom一周前给你发电子邮件，询问你暑假里的打算，但你因准备期末考试未能及时回复。请根据以下要点给他回封邮件：1未及时回信的原因；2你假期的打算(如做兼职、旅行、做志愿者等)。注意：1.词数：120150；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文dear tom，im sorry i couldnt reply to your email which you sent me a week ago immediately.i was so occupied with going over my lessons for my final exam.now i am writing to tell you my plans for the coming summer holidays.the first thing i plan to do is to do a parttime job in a fastfood restaurant.not only will i earn much money but i will also gain some social experience through it.in addition，i will go on a trip to sichuan，where there are a great number of places of interest.i have been looking forward to going there for nearly a year.finally and most importantly，ill go to yaan to work as a volunteer.there is no doubt that children there are badly in need of care and help.ill help them forget about sorrow by playing with them and telling stories.i hope what i will do will make a great difference to them.wish you a good holiday!yours，li hua跟踪训练(2013江西)星光中学(xingguang high school)近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，报道此次活动。内容包括：1时间与地点：4月10日，大青山(daqing mountain)；2活动的过程；3你对于这次活动的评论。注意：1.词数120左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文in order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise，our school organized a mountainclimbing on april 10.hundreds of us took part in it.it was a nice day.at 800 am，we gathered at the foot of daqing mountain and set out for the top in high spirits.all the way we were chatting，singing and laughing，enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery.when some fell behind，others would come