【志鸿全优设计】高中英语 Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernheroSectionⅠ目标导学 新人教版必修1.doc

unit 5nelson mandelaa modern hero课前预习导学课标导航功能asking for opinionsgiving opinions句型“only状语”置于句首构成的倒装句语法定语从句()(where，when，why，prep.which/whom引导的定语从句)考点only状语(从句)位于句首构成的倒装(2012天津，6/2011湖南，32/2011全国，28)turn to(2012湖北，24/2011课标，26)比较级(2011江西，24)equally(2010全国，13)set up(2012全国，12/2012浙江，15/2010山东，27)关系副词引导的定语从句(2012浙江，9/2012重庆，29/2011浙江，10/2011天津，10)介词关系代词引导的定语从句(2012四川，13/2011江西，34)主题导读nelson mandela was born in transkei，south africa on july 18,1918.he was educated at university college of fort hare and the university of witwatersrand and qualified in law in 1942.he joined the african national congress in 1944.in june 1961，the anc considered his proposal on the use of violent actions and agreed that those members who wished to involve themselves in mandelas campaign would not be stopped from doing so by the anc.mandela was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to five years imprisonment with hard labour.in 1963，mandela was brought to stand trial for plotting(密谋) to overthrow the government by violence.on june 12,1964，mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment.from 1964 to 1982，he was incarcerated(监禁) at robben island prison，off cape town.during his years in prison，nelson mandelas reputation(名声)grew steadily.he was widely accepted as the most significant black leader in south africa.nelson mandela was released on february 11,1990.after his release，he devoted himself to his lifes work，trying to achieve the goals he and others had set out almost four decades earlier.in 1991，at the first national conference of the anc mandela was elected president of the anc.诱思探究1how old was mandela when he was elected president of the anc?2why was mandela put into prison?答案：173.2he was put into prison for plotting to overthrow the government by violence.基础导练.词汇拓展1_ n. 质量；品质；性质quantity n. 数量2_ adj. 积极的；活跃的_ adv. 积极地_ n. 活动3_ adj. 慷慨的；大方的_ adv. 慷慨地；大方地generosity n. 慷慨；大方4_ n. 自我；自身_ adj. 自私的_ adj. 无私的；忘我的_ adv. 无私地；忘我地5_ vt. (与to连用)献身；专心于_ adj. 忠实的；深爱的_ n. 奉献；忠心；挚爱6_ vt. 建立；建设foundation n. 创办；基础7_ adj. 和平的；平静的；安宁的_ adv. 和平地；平静地_ n. 和平8_ n. 指导；领导_ vt. 指导；指引9_ adj. 法律的；依照法律的_ adj. 非法的；违法的10_ adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的_ adj. 绝望的；不可救药的_ n&v. 希望11_ vt.&vi. 投票；选举n. 投票；选票；表决voter n. 投票人；选举人12_ n. 暴力；暴行_ adj. 猛烈的；凶暴的violently adv. 粗暴地；强烈地13_ adj. 相等的；平等的_ adv. 相等地equality n. 同等；平等14_ adj. 乐意的；自愿的_ adj. 不愿意的；不情愿的willingness n. 心甘情愿15_ adj. 不公正的；不公平的_ adj. 公平的；公正的unfairness n. 不公平(正)16_ vi. 逃脱；逃走；泄露flee(同义词)逃跑17_ vt. 教育；训练_ adj. 受过教育的；有教养的_ n. 教育educator n. 教育家18_ n. 亲戚；亲属_ n. 关系relationship n. 关系；联系19_ n. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动terrorism n. 恐怖主义terrorist n. 恐怖分子20_ n. 残忍；残酷_ adj. 残忍的；残酷的21_ n. 报酬；奖金vt. 酬劳；奖赏rewarding adj. 得到回报的；值得做的.短语互译1_ 失业2_ 事实上3_ 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中4_ 求助于；致力于5_ 丧失勇气或信心6_ 当权；上台7set up _8be sentenced to _9be devoted to _10escape from _11be put into prison _12be willing to _.重点句型1however，this was _ _ _ one had got to have a passbook to live in johannesburg.然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。2the last thirty years _ _ the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage _ we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。3.only then _ we _ to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。4he taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we _ _ _ asleep.他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。5they were not cleverer than me，but they _ _ their exams.他们不比我聪明，但的确通过了考试。6i felt bad _ _ _ i talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。答案：.1.quality2.active；actively；activity3.generous；generously4.self；selfish；selfless；selflessly5.devote；devoted；devotion6.found7.peaceful；peacefully；peace8guidance；guide9.legal；illegal10.hopeful；hopeless；hope11.vote12.violence；violent13equal；equally14.willing；unwilling15.unfair；cate；educated；education18relative；relation19.terror20.cruelty；cruel21.reward.1.out of work2.as a matter of fact/in fact3.in trouble4.turn to5.lose e to power7.设立；建立8.被判处(徒刑)9.献身于；致力于10.从逃脱(走)11.被关进监狱12.乐意；自愿.1.a time when2.have seen；where3.did；decide4.should have been5.did pass6.the first time在预习中还有哪些问题需要你在听课时加以关注？请在下列表格中做个备忘吧！课堂合作探究section warming up，prereading，reading & comprehending文本感知阅读elias story，回答下列问题1this text is mainly about _.aa black man named elias and his hard life in south africabmr mandelas lifelong struggle for the black peoples rightscelias description of his contact with mr mandeladthe deep friendship between elias and mr mandela2elias had to leave school when he was quite young because _.ahe couldnt catch up with other students in his studybhis home was too far away from schoolchis family was too poor to pay the money needed for his studydhe wanted to work with mr mandela eagerly3people without a passbook might _.anot be allowed to live in johannesburgbbe out of workcbe those who were not born in johannesburgda，b and c4was elias happy to help blow up the building?ano，because he disliked violence.byes，because he wanted to thank mr mandela for his help.cno，because he thought he might be caught and put into prison.dyes，because making black and white people equal was their dream.5from mr mandelas saying，we can get a conclusion that _.amr mandela wanted to break the law in a violent way in the beginningbblack people had been given more rightscblack people should rise up to fight for their own rights after years of being ruleddthey could force the government to give up easily答案：1c2.c3.d4.d5.c导学互动1and what qualities does a great person have？(p33)一个伟人有什么样的品质？quality n. 质量；品质；性质nowadays，the goods with high quality are popular with people.当今，高质量的物品受到人们的青睐。honesty is one of his good qualities.诚实是他的优秀品质之一。they did an experiment to find out the physical and chemical qualities of the element.他们做实验来弄清楚这一元素的物理和化学方面的性质。联想拓展(1)(2)quantity n. 数量in(3)quantities of可数名词复数/不可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。large quantities of polluted water have been poured into the river.大量污染的水被倾倒这条河流中。一语中的the changes of quantity cause the changes of quality.量变引起质变。(1)用所给动词的适当形式填空large quantities of money _ (be) spent on the project.there _(be) a large quantity of milk left.(2)单项填空the modern computer is good in _ and expensive，but cheaper in _.aquality；quantity bquantities；qualitiescquantity；quality dqualities；quantities2active (p33) adj. 积极的；活跃的he is an active member of the club.他是俱乐部中的积极分子。she used to take an active part in organizing all kinds of parties.她过去曾积极组织各种晚会。although he is old，he is active in politics.尽管他年龄大了，但仍活跃在政坛上。联想拓展(1)an active volcano 活火山active voice 主动语态(2)activist n. 活跃分子activity n. 活动；活力actively adv. 积极地；活跃地(3)play an active part in 在方面起积极作用take an active part in 积极参加(4)passive adj.消极的；被动的(1)完成句子as a league member，you should _(积极参加)all kinds of school activities.the actor _(活跃在)the field of performance.(2)单项填空although he was an actor，he was _ in all kinds of social _.aactive；activity bactively；activitycactive；activities dactor；active3devoted (p33) adj.专心的；忠实的；深爱的whatever we do，we should be devoted to our work.不论我们干什么，我们都应该专心于我们的工作。as we all know，yue fei was devoted to his country.众所周知，岳飞精忠报国。she is devoted to her husband.她挚爱着她的丈夫。devote vt.(与to连用)献身；专心于the old man devoted his whole life to the cause of teaching.这位老人把一生献身于教育事业。when i came into his office，mr brown was devoting himself to reading newspaper.当我走过布朗先生办公室时，他在专心看报纸。联想拓展(1)以上短语中的to是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。(2)(1)用devote的正确形式填空she is a good wife and a _ mother.she will be remembered for her selfless _ to the cause.(2)句子改写qian xuesen devoted all his life to the space cause of china.qian xuesen _ _ _ the space cause of china all his life.(3)单项填空her son，_ she is so devoted，went abroad lastyear，leaving her alone in the small village.ain whom bto whomcon which dof which_ to his research，he spared no time to spend a weekend with us.adevoting bdevotedccaught dlost4sadly i did not have one because i was not born there，and i worried about whether i would become out of work.(p34)可悲的是我没有身份证，因为我不是在那里出生的，因而我担心会失业。out of work 失业work hard，or you will be out of work.好好干，不然你会失业的。out of work for almost a year，he finally found one.失业都快一年了，他终于找到了一份工作。注意：lose ones job(work)失业(表动作)；而be out of work 失业(表状态)。联想拓展含out of的短语：out of order 混乱；发生故障out of control失去控制out of date过时out of patience失去耐心out of mind心不在焉out of breath气喘吁吁out of reach够不着out of danger脱离危险(1)英译汉out of sight，out of mind._the old temple is out of repair._(2)单项填空why has she staying at home these days?she _ since a month ago.ahas been out of workbwas out of workchas lost his workdhad left from his workthe furniture，with its modern style and bright colors，suits modern houses and their gardens，but looks_in the garden of a traditional home.aout of question bout of ordercout of sight dout of place5black people could not vote or choose their leaders.(p34)黑人不能投票选举，他们也无权选择他们的领导。vote vt.&vi. 投票；选举now we will vote on this problem.现在，我们将对这个问题进行投票表决。most of us vote for/against the plan.我们大多数人投票赞成(反对)这个计划。the whole nation will vote to elect the new president tomorrow.明天全民将投票选举新总统。n投票；选票；选举there are 402 votes for mr williams，and 372 against.402票支持威廉姆斯先生，372票反对。the plan was passed by 6 votes to 3.这项计划以6票对3票通过。联想拓展(1)(2)(1)介词填空most of us voted _ her，so she was elected as chairman of students union.if we dont agree，well have to take a vote _ it.twentytwo voted for it and fortytwo voted _ it.your plan will be put _ the vote tomorrow.the new law was passed by a vote of 215 _ 84.(2)单项填空he became an british citizen，thereby gaining the right to _.adevote bvoteceducate djudge6we chose to attack the laws.(p34)我们选择向法律进攻。attack n进攻；攻击；抨击so sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.这次袭击是如此的突然，以至于敌人没有时间逃跑。our soldiers took an attack on the enemys position.我们战士对敌人阵地发起攻击。vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击the enemy attacked us at night.敌人在夜间对我们进行了进攻。todays papers all attacked the governments new policy.今天所有报纸都抨击了政府的新政策。the disease began to attack his lungs.疾病开始侵袭他的肺部。联想拓展a heart attack 心脏病突发make an attack on 对发动进攻launch an attack发起进攻under attack 遭到攻击/袭击air attack 空袭单项填空they made an attack _ the enemy.aon bfromcunder dat7. .only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(p34)只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。“only状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句)”置于句首构成的倒装句型only then did he realize that he was wrong.直到那时他才意识到自己错了。only when she told me did i know the news.直到她告诉我时，我才知道这个消息。only in this way can you learn english well.只有用这种方法你才能学好英语。联想拓展(1)“only主语”放在句首时，句子不倒装。only a student passed the exam.只有一个学生考试及格。(2)not only.but also连接两个句子时，not only置于句首后面的分句要用倒装语序；如果not only . but also.连接两个主语时，谓语动词采取就近原则，不用倒装语序。not only does he study well，but also he is ready to help others.他不仅学习好，而且还乐于助人。not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.不仅仅是学生们连老师也反对该计划。单项填空only after mary read her composition the second time _ the spelling mistake.adid she notice bshe noticedcdoes she notice dshe has noticedonly when he reached the teahouse _ it was the same place hed been in last year.ahe realized bhe did realizecrealized he ddid he realize8as a matter of fact，i do not like violence.but in 1963 i helped him blow up some government buildings.(p34)事实上我并不喜欢暴力，但是在1963年的时候，我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。1)as a matter of fact “事实上；实际上”。as a matter of fact，you are wrong；you should apologize to her.事实上，你错了，你应向她道歉。she looks young，but as a matter of fact，she is over sixty.她看上去年轻，但实际上她六十多岁了。联想拓展表示“实际上”还有以下短语：in fact，in reality，in practice，as it is，in actual fact，actually(1)句子改写i thought he was right，but in fact he was wrong.i thought he was right，but _ _ _ _ _，he was wrong.(2)单项填空the winter of 1990 was extremely bad._ most people say it was the worst winter of their lives.aat last bin factcin a word das a resultwould you like some cakes?well，id like to have a few._，i have already had my dinner.aas far asbas thoughcas a result das a matter of fact2)blow up 使充气；爆炸the boy blew and blew until he blew up the balloon.那个男孩吹啊吹，直到把气球吹破。they had planned to blow up the old bridge but their bomb failed to explode.他们原本计划炸毁那座旧桥，但炸弹没有爆炸。联想拓展blow away 吹走blow down 刮倒blow out 吹灭 blow off 吹掉(1)副词填空the front tyres are flat，so i have to get them blown _.a gust of wind blew my hat _.they threatened to blow _ the plane if their demands were not met.(2)单项填空today is your birthday.you should make a promise to yourself before you _ the candles.ablow up bblow offcblow away dblow out9but i was happy to help because i knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.(p34)但是我乐于帮忙，因为我知道这是为了帮助我们实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。equal adj. 相等的；平等的all men are born equal，and enjoy the equal rights.人生来都是平等的，享有平等的权力。there is an equal number of boys and girls in the class.这个班的男女生人数相等。be equal to(doing)sth 胜任(做)某事in my opinion，he is equal to(doing)the job.我认为，他胜任这项工作。v. 与相等；比得上two and two equals four.二加二等于四。nobody can equal her in spoken english in our class.在英语口语方面，我们班没人能比得上她。联想拓展be equal with sb 与某人平等be equal in sth 在某方面平等without equal 无与伦比equally adv.平等地equality n平等(1)介词填空he has no experience，so he isnt equal _ the task.he equals me _ strength，but not in intelligence.the black people in america want to be equal _ the white ones.he is a player _ equal in the world.(2)单项填空tom is equal _ john _ height.that is to say，they are _ equal height.awith；in；to bto；in；withcto；in；of din；in；withi dont think he is equal _ the task，so youd better find another person for it.ain carrying out bto carrying outcto carry out dwith carrying out10elias went to see nelson mandela when he was in trouble.(p35)当他遇到麻烦时，伊莱亚斯去看望纳尔逊曼德拉。in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中he always offers his help when i am in trouble.每当我陷入困境时，他总是伸出援助之手。we are in trouble now；there is no time for argument.我们现在处境艰难，不是争论的时候。联想拓展look/ask for trouble自找麻烦have trouble(in)doing/with sth 做某事有困难get into/out of trouble 陷入/摆脱困境make trouble 制造麻烦take trouble to do sth 费心做某事(1)介词填空youd better not ask _ trouble at this time.my teachers son is always getting _ trouble.i have great trouble _ my english.will you help me _ the trouble?(2)单项填空whenever we are in _，we must never lose _，but try to think of the way out.athe trouble；our heart btroubles；heartsctrouble；heart dtrouble；our heartsome students have trouble _ grammar while others have difficulty _ new words.ain；remember bfor；to remembercon；remembering dwith；remembering11why did nelson mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal？(p35)为什么纳尔逊曼德拉转向使用暴力争取黑人与白人的平等？turn to求助于；致力于(转向；翻到)if you are in trouble，please turn to me for help.如果你身陷困境，请找我帮忙。lu xun gave up medicine and turned to literature.鲁迅弃医从文。many people are turning to solar power because of the energy shortage.由于能源的缺乏，很多人开始转向使用太阳能。联想拓展turn down 关小；拒绝turn off 关掉turn on 打开turn out 结果是；证明是turn up 出现；把(音量)调大turn in 交出；上交；转身进入turn around 转过身；转过来turn over 翻身；翻过(一页书)(1)介副词填空when i meet new words in reading，i always turn _ a dictionary.please turn _ the radio；the baby is sleeping in the next room.he promised to come，but hasnt turned _ by now.what are you reading，tom?im not really reading，just turn _ the pages.(2)单项填空when she was walking in the dark street，there was nobody _ she turned for help.ato who bto whomcaround whom dback whomyou look upset.whats the matter?i had my proposal _ again.aturned over bturned oncturned off dturned downthousands of people _ to watch yesterdays match against ireland.aturned on bturned incturned around dturned out答案：1(1)have been(are)is(2)a提示：句意：这种新款电脑质量好且贵，但批量购买比较便宜。in quantity(quantities)“批量/大量的”。2(1)take an active part inis active in(2)c提示：句意：尽管他是一名演员，但他在各项社会活动中很活跃。be