07宏观经济学(曼昆,第6版,配套习题.doc

Chapter 07/Unemployment and Its Natural Rate F 431Chapter 7Unemployment and Its Natural Rate1.The natural rate of unemployment is thea.unemployment rate that would prevail with zero inflation.b.rate associated with the highest possible level of GDP.c.difference between the long-run and short-run unemployment rates.d.amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences.ANSWER: d.amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.02.Cyclical unemployment refers toa.the relation between the probability of unemployment and a workers changing level of experience.b.how often a worker is likely to be employed during her lifetimec.year-to-year fluctuations of unemployment around its natural rate.d.long-term trends in unemployment.ANSWER: c.year-to-year fluctuations of unemployment around its natural rate.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.03.Cyclical unemployment is closely associated witha.long-term economic growth.b.short-run ups and downs of the economy.c.fluctuations in the natural rate of unemployment.d.seasonal fluctuations in spending.ANSWER: b.short-run ups and downs of the economy.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.04.The natural rate of unemploymenta.is a constant.b.is the desirable rate of unemployment.c.cannot be altered by economic policy.d.None of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.None of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.05.Which of the following is correct?a.Some degree of unemployment is inevitable.b.Other things the same an increase in the number of people who are unemployed decreases real GDP.c.Cyclical unemployment is inversely related to short-run economic fluctuations.d.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.All of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.06.Data on unemployment is reporteda.weekly.b.monthly.c.quarterly.d.yearly.ANSWER: b.monthly.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.17.The BLS produces data ona.unemployment.b.types of employment.c.length of the average workweek.d.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.All of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.18.Which of the following is incorrect?a.The unemployment rate is computed using the number of unemployment insurance claims filed.b.Each adult included in the unemployment statistics is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.c.Unemployment numbers include people aged sixteen and older.d.The Bureau of Labor Statistics gathers data on unemployment and employment.ANSWER: a.The unemployment rate is computed using the number of unemployment insurance claims filed.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.19.Unemployment data is collecteda.from unemployment insurance claims.b.through a regular survey of about 60,000 households.c.through a regular survey of about 200,000 firms.d.Unemployment data is collected using all of the above.ANSWER: b.through a regular survey of about 60,000 households.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.110.Which list includes all the categories into which the BLS divides the adult population?a.employed or unemployedb.discouraged workers, employed, or unemployedc.employed, unemployed, or not in the labor forced.discouraged workers, employed, or not in the labor forceANSWER: c.employed, unemployed, or not in the labor forceTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.111.The labor force equals thea.number of people who are employed.b.number of people who are unemployed.c.number of people employed plus the number of people unemployed.d.adult population.ANSWER: c.number of people employed plus the number of people unemployed.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.112.Who of the following would be counted as unemployed according to official statistics?a.Shasta, who is waiting for her new job to startb.Mary, who worked only 35 hours last weekc.Karen, who neither has a job nor is looking for oned.None of the above would be counted as unemployed.ANSWER: a.Shasta, who is waiting for her new job to startTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.113.Which of the following would be counted as unemployed according to official statistics?a.Brian, a full-time student who is not looking for workb.Kate, who is on temporary layoffc.Heath, who has retired and is not looking for workd.All of the above would be counted as unemployed.ANSWER: b.Kate, who is on temporary layoffTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.114.Who would not be included in the labor force?a.Jay, who is on temporary layoffb.Mike, who has retired and is not looking for workc.Jane, who does not have a job, but has applied for several in the last weekd.None of the above are included in the labor force.ANSWER: b.Mike, who has retired and is not looking for workTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.115.Who would be included in the labor force?a.Holly, an unpaid homemakerb.Tiffany, a full-time student not looking for workc.Cody, who does not have a job, but is looking for workd.None of the above are included in the labor force.ANSWER: c.Cody, who does not have a job, but is looking for workTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.116.Who would be included in the labor force?a.Karen, who works most of the week in a steel factoryb.Beth, who is waiting for her new job at the bank to startc.Dave, who does not have a job, but is looking for workd.All of the above are included in the labor force.ANSWER: d.All of the above are included in the labor force.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.117.Who would be included in the labor force?a.Derrick, who is waiting for his new job to startb.Brett, who has become discouraged looking for a job and has quit looking for awhilec.Homer, an unpaid homemakerd.None of the above would be included in the labor force.ANSWER: a.Derrick, who is waiting for his new job to startTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.118.Sally is on a temporary layoff from the factory where she makes plastic tableware. If Sally participates in the BLS survey, she will be classified asa.unemployed and in the labor force.b.unemployed and out of the labor force.c.employed and in the labor force.d.employed and out of the labor force.ANSWER: a.unemployed and in the labor force.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.119.Which of the following correctly ranks categories from smallest to largest according to recent U.S. values?a.unemployed, employed, not in labor forceb.unemployed, not in labor force, employedc.not in labor force, employed, unemployedd.not in labor force, unemployed, employedANSWER: b.unemployed, not in labor force, employedTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.120.A person who is counted as unemployed by the BLS isa.also in the labor force.b.must be looking for work or on temporary layoff.c.be age 16 or over.d.All of the above are correct.ANSWER: d.All of the above are correct.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.121.A college student who is not working or looking for a job is counted asa.neither employed nor part of the labor force.b.unemployed and in the labor force.c.unemployed, but not in the labor force.d.employed and in the labor force.ANSWER: a.neither employed nor part of the labor force.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.122.Latoya, a homemaker who works as a volunteer at the local Red Cross and is currently not looking for a job, is counted asa.employed and in the labor force.b.unemployed and in the labor force.c.unemployed and not in the labor force.d.not in the labor force.ANSWER: d.not in the labor force.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.123.The BLS defines the unemployment rate as the percentage ofa.those unemployed relative to the percentage employed.b.labor force that is unemployed.c.adult population that is unemployed.d.labor force without fulltime employment.ANSWER: b.labor force that is unemployed.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.124.The unemployment rate is computed as the number of unemployeda.divided by the labor force times 100.b.divided by the number of people employed times 100.c.divided by the adult population times 100.d.times the participation rate times 100.ANSWER: a.divided by the labor force times 100.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.125.Which of the following definitions is correct?a.Labor force = number of employed.b.Labor force = population number of unemployed.c.Unemployment Rate = (number of unemployed number of employed + number of unemployed) 100.d.Unemployment Rate = (number of unemployed adult population) 100.ANSWER: c.Unemployment Rate = (number of unemployed number of employed + number of unemployed 100.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.126.The labor-force participation rate measures the percentage of thea.total adult population that is in the labor force.b.total adult population that is employed.c.labor force that is employed.d.labor force that is either employed or unemployed.ANSWER: a.total adult population that is in the labor force.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 15.127.The labor-force participation rate is defined asa.(Employed Adult Population) 100.b.(Employed Labor Force) 100.c.(Labor Force Adult Population) 100.d.(Adult Population Labor Force) 100.ANSWER: c.(Labor Force Adult Population) 100.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.128.A few years ago, based on concepts similar to those used to estimate U.S. employment figures, the Canadian adult non-institutionalized population was 24 million, the labor force was 16 million, and the number of people employed was 14 million. According to these numbers, the Canadian labor-force participation rate and unemployment rate were abouta.67 percent and 8.3 percent.b.67 percent and 12.5 percent.c.58 percent and 8.3 percent.d.58 percent and 12.5 percent.ANSWER: b.67 percent and 12.5 percent.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 15.129.The BLS recently reported that there were 48.6 million people over age 25 who had at least a bachelors degree. Of this number, 38.0 million were in the labor force and 36.9 million were employed. What was the labor-force participation rate and the unemployment rate for this group?a.about 97 percent and about 2.9 percentb.about 97 percent and about 2.3 percentc.about 78 percent and about 2.9 percentd.about 78 percent and about 2.3 percentANSWER: c.about 78 percent and about 2.9 percentTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 15.130.In 2000 in Japan, based on concepts similar to those used to compute U.S. employment statistics, the unemployment rate was about 4.8 percent, the labor force participation rate was about 62 percent, and the adult population was about 108 million. How many people were employed and how many were unemployed?a.about 63.8 million and 3.2 million.b.about 63.8 million and 5.2 million.c.about 67 million and 3.2 million.d.about 67 million and 5.2 million.ANSWER: a.about 63.8 million and 3.2 million.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 3 SECTION: 15.131.In 2000 in the United Kingdom, the adult population was about 46.5 million, the labor force participation rate was 63.5 percent, and the unemployment rate was 5.8 percent. What was the number of people employed and the number of people unemployed?a.about 29.5 million and 2.7 million.b.about 29.5 million and 1.7 million.c.about 27.8 million and 2.7 million.d.about 27.8 million and 1.7 million.ANSWER: d.about 27.8 million and 1.7 million.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 3 SECTION: 15.132.Rick loses his job and immediately begins looking for another. Ceteris paribus, the unemployment ratea.increases, and the labor-force participation rate decreases.b.increases, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffected.c.is unaffected, and the labor-force participation rate increases.d.decreases, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffected.ANSWER: b.increases, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffected.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 15.133.Matt loses his job and decides to sit around at home for a few months. Ceteris paribus, the unemployment ratea.increases, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffected.b.increases, and the labor-force participation rate increases.c.decreases, and the labor-force participation rate increases.d.decreases, and the labor-force participation rate decreases.ANSWER: d.decreases, and the labor-force participation rate decreases.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 15.134.Anna has just finished school and started looking for a job, but has not yet found one. As a result, the unemployment ratea.increases, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffected.b.increases, and the labor-force participation rate increases.c.is unaffected, and the labor-force participation rate increases.d.increases, and the labor-force participation rate decreases.ANSWER: b.increases, and the labor-force participation rate increases.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 15.135.Tara has just finished school, but she is going to roam around the country awhile before she starts looking for work. As a result, the unemployment ratea.increases, and the labor-force participation rate increases.b. is unaffected, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffectedc. increases, and the labor-force participation rate decreases.d. increases, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffected.ANSWER: b.is unaffected, and the labor-force participation rate is unaffectedTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.136.Between 2001 and 2002, the country of Aquilonia reported an increase in the number of people who were employed. It also reported an increase in the unemployment rate. Which of the following would best explain the two reports?a.There was an increase in the size of the labor force between 2001 and 2002.b.There was a decrease in the size of the labor force between 2001 and 2002.c.There was an increase in the size of the adult population between 2001 and 2002.d.The two reports are contradictory and cant be reconciled.ANSWER: a.There was an increase in the size of the labor force between 2001 and 2002.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 3 SECTION: 15.137.President Bigego is running for re-election against Senator Pander. Bigego proclaims that more people are working now than when he took office. Pander says that the unemployment rate is higher now than when Bigego took office. You conclude thata.one of them must be lying.b.both of them could be telling the truth if the labor force participation rate and the labor force both fell.c.both of them could be telling the truth if the labor force grew slower than employment.d.both of them could be telling the truth if the labor force grew faster than employment.ANSWER: d.both of them could be telling the truth if the labor force grew faster than employment.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 3 SECTION: 15.138.Which group has the highest labor-force participation rate?a.black femalesb.white femalesc.white malesd.There are no significant differences in participation rates across these groups.ANSWER: c.white malesTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 2 SECTION: 15.139.Among teenagers, which group has the highest unemployment rate?a.white malesb.black femalesc.black malesd.There are no significant differences in unemployment rates across these groups.ANSWER: c.black malesTYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION:40.Which of the following is correct for people ages 20 and over?a.Men have lower rates of labor-force participation and similar unemployment rates compared to women.b.Men have lower rates of labor-force participation and higher rates of unemployment than do women.c.Women have lower rates of labor-force participation and higher rates of unemployment compared to those of men.d.Women have lower rates of labor-force participation and similar unemployment rates compared to those of men.ANSWER: d.Women have lower rates of labor-force participation and similar unemployment rates compared to those of men.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.141.Which of the following is correct for people ages 20 and over?a.Blacks have higher rates of labor-force participation and lower unemployment rates than those of whites.b.Blacks have higher rates of labor-force participation and higher unemployment rates than those of whites.c.Blacks have similar rates of labor-force participation and lower unemployment rates than those of whites.d.Blacks have similar rates of labor-force participation and higher unemployment rates than those of whites.ANSWER: d.Blacks have similar rates of labor-force participation and higher unemployment rates than those of whites.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.142.Which of the following is correct?a.Adults have higher labor-force participation rates and higher unemployment rates than do teenagers.b.Adults have higher labor-force participation rates and lower unemployment rates than do teenagers.c.Adults have lower labor-force participation rates and lower unemployment rates than do teenagers.d.Adults have lower labor-force participation rates and higher unemployment rates than do teenagers.ANSWER: b.Adults have higher labor-force participation rates and lower unemployment rates than do teenagers.TYPE: M DIFFICULTY: 1 SECTION: 15.143.The labor-force participation rate of the U.S. adult population (ages 16 and over) is abouta.47 percent.b.55 percent.c.67 p