高三英语暑假一轮复习 基础知识自测 Unit 2 Working the land课件 新人教版必修4.ppt

unit2workingtheland 基础知识自测 一 单词拼写根据读音 词性和词义写出下列单词 1 str gl vt vi 斗争 n 努力2 s tisfaid adj 感到满意的3 fri d m n 自由 自主4 i kwip vt vi 配备 装备5 auput n 产量 输出量6 ik spc t vt 输出n 出口7 k n fju z vt 搞乱 使糊涂8 s plai n 补给 vt 提供9 sju t bl adj 适当的 相配的10 ik spand vt 使膨胀vi 发展 expand struggle satisfied freedom equip output export confuse supply suitable 11 s m ri n 摘要 概要12 s kjuleit v 使流通 使 运行13 bak ti ri n 细菌14 iks tfeindv vt 交换 n 交流15 hqnge n 饥饿 欲望16 wct eve pron 凡是 无论什么17 ri dju s vt 减少 简化18 nju trifen n 营养 滋养19 grein n 谷物 颗粒20 sju pe adj 特级的 超级的 summary circulate bacteria exchange hunger whatever reduce nutrition grain super 二 单词运用根据句子的结构和意义 或首字母提示或汉语提示 在空格处填入一个恰当的单词 1 wehada 努力 tostopthecriminal 2 thedocumentwillbe 传阅 toallmembers 3 i lltypeyourreportifyou llbaby sitine 4 ourfarm themarketwithfruitsandvegetables 5 weshoulds theresultsoftheexambrieflyandreporttotheheadmaster summarize struggle circulated exchange supplies 6 sydney spopulation rapidlyinthe1960s 7 hehasa 晒黑的 faceandbrighteyes 8 theplane speedasitwasapproachingtheairport 9 theworkersthereworked crazy withonlythirtyminutes breakatnoon 10 he 耕作 thefarmwithgreatsuccess worked expanded sunburnt reduced like 三 词语派生用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1 hehasa hungry forknowledge 2 yuanlongpingisfamousfor supply thefarmerswithsuperhybridriceseeds 3 someorganicfarmersprefer plant grassbetweento prevent windorwaterfromcarryingawaythesoil 4 mrbrookcareslittleaboutspendingthemoneyonhimselfor lead acomfortablelife 5 mymotherdoesn tlikemewearingshortskirtstochurch forshedoesn tthinkthat suit hunger supplying prevent planting leading suitable 6 iamabit confuse isthatherhusbandorhersonsheiswith 7 yesterday1bought10flavorsofice cream enough satisfy myroommates 8 chemicalfertilizerskillboth help andharmfulbacteriaandpests 9 heinsistedthathe suffer fromhearttrouble butididn tthinkso 10 doyouknowthat chat withwisemenimprovesyourmind confused tosatisfy helpful wassuffering chatting 四 词组互译将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语 1 对 有天赋 2 定居 3 防止 阻止 4 依靠 依赖 5 在许多方面 6 照顾 7 陷入困境 8 作出解释 9 谋生 10 查阅 谈到 haveagiftfor settledown prevent from dependon inmanyways careabout beintrouble accountfor earnone sliving referto 11 thanksto 12 getridof 13 besatisfiedwith 14 leada life 15 wouldrather 16 byaccident 17 lookforwardto 18 devoteto 19 breakout 20 insiston 坚持 多亏了 摆脱 除去 对 感到满意 过 的生活 宁愿 偶然地 意外地 期待 献身于 爆发 五 词组运用根据句子提供的语境 从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空 1 hegotthefirstprizeinthespeechcontest histeacher hisperformance 2 itisreallyahotday i stayinthehousewithair conditioningthangooutshopping 3 please thelastpageofthebookforanswersafterdoingtheexercises 4 yourhelp wecouldfinishthetaskontime 5 mostofthepeopleinremotemountainousarea poor wassatisfiedwith wouldrather referto thanksto leadalife 6 inordertoprotecttheriversfrombeingpolluted wemust factories pouringwasteintothem 7 whenachildknowsthathe hefeelssafeandsecure 8 thegirlstruggledto herself herfears 9 someschools theirstudentswearingschooluniforms 10 afterthewar hewastakenonbyaforeigncompany stop preventfrom iscaredabout ridof insiston brokeout languagedatabank languagepoints 1 辨析because forbecause表示理由充分 有必然因果关系 能回答以why引起的问句 1 hewantseveryonetocallhimafarmer forthat showheregardshimself whyaren tyoucomingwithustotheconcert becauseihavegotabadheadache 你为何不与我们一起去看音乐会 因为我头痛 for 因为 由于 补充说明理由 不用于句首 不能回答以why引起的问句 如 theshopwasquitenew forithadopenedonlytheweekbefore 2 regardregard as 将 认为weregardedherasthebestwriteramongus in withregardtosb sth 关于 至于acountry slawsinregardtohumanrights一个国家关于人权的法律 2 althoughheisoneofchina smostfamousscientists yuanlongpingworksthelandtodohisresearch workvi vt 经营 管理worktheland growcropsonit耕耘土地heworksabigfarm 他经营着一个大的农场 3 indeed hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofotherchinesefarmers one ones that those的区别 a 一般来讲 one代表前面有不定冠词的可数名词单数 that代表前面有定冠词的可数名词单数 ones代表前面无定冠词的可数名词复数 前面总带有形容词作定语 不能单独使用 those代表前面有定冠词的可数名词复数 例如 thisisapointofidiomratherthanoneofgrammar one apoint iprefertheclassroomwithenoughlightratherthanthatwithlittlelight that theclassroom ilikepeachesbutimusthavesomeripeones ones peaches hetoldmethestoriesofhimselfandthoseofhissister those thestories b one或ones的定语既可以放在其前面 也可以放在其后面 that或those的定语只能放在其后面 hehasgotanewstorybook butihavegotseveraloldones thecostofoilislessthanthatofgas iprefertheenglish englishdictionariesto withmuchchineseexplanation a thatb thosec oned ones 4 inmanyways heisoneofthem andhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecadestohelpthem 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语 1 already yet ever just recently lately never before adv theboyhasalready justgothome ihaven theardfromhimyet recently lately ihaveseentheoldmansomewherebefore 2 since forihavelivedinbeijingsince2000 ihavelivedinbeijingsinceiarrivedhere ihavelivedinbeijingfor5years strugglevi 搏斗 挣扎 努力 拼搏theywerestrugglingtogetouttheburningcar 他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬 shestruggledupthestairswithherheavybags 她提着沉重的行李艰难地走上楼梯 搭配 struggleagainst与 斗争 为反对 而斗争 strugglefor为争取 而斗争 5 in1974 hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput thefirst n todo不定式放在表示次序的词thefirst thelast thebest以及theonly thevery theright等词后面 且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系 如与动词不定式是逻辑上的动宾关系时 则用过去分词 heisthefirstmantowinthenobelprize thefirstbookwrittenforteachingenglishcameoutinthe16thcentury 6 thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields makeit 宾语补足语 动词不定式 it做形式宾语 动词不定式是真正的宾语 it做形式宾语 通常和下列动词连用 weconsideritourdutytosupportgoodleaders consider think make find believe count declare deem fancy feel guess imagine judge prove see show suppose understand take等 thenewmethodmakesitpossibletocompletethetaskfaster tomfounditveryembarrassingtoberemindedofthelong standingdebt susandeemeditadvisabletokeepthemattersecret weallfeelitnicetobeabletovisitthatdistinguisheduniversity whocanproveitwrongtohavea make money quick mentality theguidethought wrongtoeatmonkeys a thisb itisc itd thatwas 7 sincethen hehasdevotedhislifetofindingwaystogrowmoreandmorerice devotevt 奉献 致力 专业于devoteone stime life oneselftosth doingsth 把 贡献于 bedevotedtosth doingsth 把 贡献于 hehasdevotedallhislifetohelpingothers weshouldbedevotedtoourwork devotedadj 热爱的 忠诚的adevotedworker敬业的工人adevotedhusband对妻子忠诚的丈夫 herson towhomshewasso wentabroadtenyearsago a lovedb caredc devotedd affected 8 dryuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestwithoutexpandingtheareaoffields search trytofindbylookingfor 搜查 theysearchedeverywherebutcouldnotfindthelostchild 他们各处都找遍了 始终找不到丢失的小孩 thehomewassearchedbutnoonewasfound 搜查了房屋但一个人也未发现 search常用的搭配 searchsb sth 搜查某人 某物searchforsb sth 搜寻某人 某物searchsth sb for 搜查某物 某人以寻找 insearchof寻找searchout发现 注意 searchsb 指 搜查某人 指对某人进行搜身 searchforsb 指 搜寻某人 指为了要找到某人进行搜寻 相当于lookfor 例如 thepolicemansearchedthethieftoseewhathehadinhispockets 警察搜查小偷 看他口袋里有什么东西 thevillagersaresearchingforthemissingchild 村民们正在搜寻那个失踪的孩子 9 thankstohisresearch theunistryingtoridtheworldofhunger 1 thanksto表示 幸亏 多亏 多用于表达正面意思 相当于感谢 在句中作状语和表语 thankstoyourhelp muchtroublewassaved 多亏你的帮助 减少了许多麻烦 animals livingenvironmentshavebeengettingworse theincreaseinindustrialpollution a thankstob becausec asd since 2 rid of 使 摆脱 清除 ridahouseofmice清除室内老鼠ridoneselfofdebt还清债务 类似用法动词 inform warn cure of thesalesmanageraskedhismentoinformhimofeverythingconcerningthesalesintime 销售部经理让他手下的人把关于销售量的情况及时报告他 10 usinghishybridricefarmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore 英语中的倍数表达法共有三种形式 1 倍数 形容词 副词的比较级 than 2 倍数 as 形容词 副词的原级 as 3 倍数 the 名词 of thisbuildingisfivetimeshigherthanthatone 这座楼比那座楼高出五倍 thisbuildingisfivetimesashighasthatone 这座楼是那座楼的五倍高 thisbuildingisfivetimestheheightofthatone 这座楼是那座楼的五倍高 thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesizeoftheoldone itisreportedthattheunitedstatesuses energyasthewholeofeurope a astwiceb twicemuchc twicemuchasd twiceasmuch 11 however hecareslittleaboutspendingthemoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelife lead alife live alife过 的生活nowweareleadingahappylife intheolddaysfarmersledaterriblelifeinthecountry 与lead相关的短语 leadsb away使某人误入歧途leadsb bythenose牵着某人的鼻子走leaduptosth 是导致 的原因leadfromthefront带头 带动 1 toomuch与muchtoo的区别toomuch通常位于动词之后 修饰动词 too做much的状语 后面也可接名词 12 indeed hebelievesthatapersonwithtoomuchmoneyhasmore ratherthanfewertroubles shedoestalktoomuch doesn tshe hehastoomuchworktodo 而muchtoo则常用在形容词或副词之前修饰形容词或副词 thedressismuchtoolongforme 这衣服我穿太长了 igotintothetaxianddrovemuchtoofast 我上了出租车 并开得飞快 2 ratherthan而不是mary ratherthanherroommates isgoingtobeijing 要去北京的是玛丽 而不是她的室友们 注意 ratherthan连接两个名词或代词作主语时 谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致 sheranratherthanwalked 她跑着而不是走着 heisastudentratherthanaworker 他是学生 不是工人 theylostsomebooksratherthanmoney 他们丢了一些书 而不是钱 idecidedtowriteratherthan to telephone 我决定写信而不打电话 13 sohegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture equipvt 装备 配备 供给 提供heequippedhimselfforalongjourney 他为长途旅行准备行装 propereducationwillequiponeforajob 接受一定的教育就使你具备就业的能力 14 andhewouldratherkeeptimeforhishobbies wouldrather宁愿 宁可he dratherworkinthecountryside 用法1 wouldrather than 宁愿 而不 与其 不如 iwouldratherwatchtvathomethangotothecinema 用法2 would ratherthan wouldrather than facingtheenemies oursoldierswoulddieratherthansurrender 面对敌人 我们的战士宁死不屈 ratherthanrefusetohelpyou iwouldborrowmoneyfrommyfriends 我宁可向朋友借钱 也不愿拒绝帮助你 用法3 wouldrather后面也可跟从句表示主语宁愿某人做某事 这时 从句谓语应用虚拟语气 即用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事 用过去完成时表示已经做过的事或过去要做的事 i dratheryouhadn ttoldhimthenewsthatday 用法4 wouldratherhavedonesth 表示主语要做某事 而结果却事与愿违 i dratherhaveleftanoteonherdesk 我本想留张字条在她的书桌上 事实上没有 高考链接 shallwegoskatingorstayathome which doyourself doyouratherb wouldyouratherc willyouratherd shouldyourather 答案bwouldratherdosth 更喜欢做 languagepointsforreadingii languagepoints bacteria细菌其单数形式为bacterium2 pest害虫 害鸟 supply 1 用作名词时 a 指 供给 供应 等 其反义词为demand 需求 supplyanddemand供与求beinshortsupply供应缺乏 供应不足foodsupply食物供应watersupply供水 3 goodsupply b 当 供应品 生活用品 补给品 等 常用复数supplies militarysupplies军需品householdsupplies家庭用品medicalsupplies医用品 2 用作动词时 指 供给 提供 备办 等 supplysb with sth supplysth to forsb theysuppliedfoodto forthem 他们供给他食物 thelibraryiswellsuppliedwithbooks 图书馆备有充足的书籍 比较 supply provide和affordsupply向群众 市场 城市 工厂等供应物品 provide主要指为某人 某物供应物品 尤其指生活必需品 afford指为一定的目的而提供所需要的东西 theyprovidedtherefugeesfoodandmedicine 他们为难民提供食品和药品 theseeffortsaffordedususefulexperience 这些努力使我们得到一些有益的经验 alltheroomsare withelectriclights a suppliedb givenc offeredd burnt 4 buildup逐渐积聚 增进 增强trafficonthisroadisbuildingup buildupone sstrengthafteranillness 5 leadto导致 通向往hismistakesledtohisfailure thisroadleadstotherailwaystation 6 focuson聚集 集中pleasefocusyourmindonthefollowingproblem alleyeswerefocusedonhim 7 keep freefrom 远离 或 避免 keepfreefromemotionalreactions避免激动的反应keepfreefromrestrictions避免受到限制 grammar 一 动名词做主语的用法动名词做主语往往表示经常性 习惯性的动作 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作 如 seeingisbelieving helpingherismyduty 动名词 grammar talkingmendsnoholes 空谈无济于事 workingwithyouisapleasure 和你一起工作是一种乐趣 动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样 也可以用it作形式主语 如 it srathertiringwalkingaroundinacity 不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作 如 it snousecryingoverspiltmilk 覆水难收 herealizedthattogoonlikethiswaswrong 指抽象动作 指具体动作 考例 whatdoyouthinkmademarysoupset hernewbicycle a asshelostb lostc losingd becauseoflosing 解析 losinghernewbicycle是句子的主语 谓语madehersoupset被省略 losing 在此表示具体的动作 二 动名词作宾语的用法1 有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语 如admit appreciate avoid can tstand 不能忍受 consider delay devote to dislikeenjoy escape excuse feellike finish forgive getdownto giveup imagine insiston keep on lookforwardto mention mind miss 错过 payattentionto practice putoff stickto suggest等等 doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth 做早操对你的健康有好处 hershoeswantsmending 她的鞋该修理了 注意 当need want require worth后面接doing也可以表示被动 yourhairwantscutting 你的头发该理了 thefloorrequireswashing 地板需要冲洗 ihavefinishedwritingthisbook 我已经写完这本书了 考例 ican timagine thatwiththem a dob todoc beingdoned doing shelooksforwardeveryspringto theflower linedgarden a visitb payingavisitc walkind walkingin 解析 考查短语动词lookforwardto后跟动名词作宾语的用法 2 在allow advise forbid permit后直接跟动名词作宾语 如果有名词或代词作宾语 则构成 allow advise forbid permit 名词 代词 不定式 宾语补足语 之形式 如 wedon tallowsmokinghere wedon tallowanybodytosmokehere 3 动词need require want意为 需要 时 后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语 意义没有区别 如 thewindowneeds requires wantscleaning tobecleaned 4 在begin continue love like hate prefer intend start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可 意义没有多大区别 5 动词forget goon mean regret remember stop try beusedto can thelp后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大 须注意 forget regret remember后跟动名词 动名词表示已经发生的动作 后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作 考例 let shavearest notnow idon twanttostop yet a studyb tostudyc forstudyingd studying 解析 stopstudying意为 停止学习 letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists don tyouremember methestoryyesterday a toldb tellingc totelld tohavetold 解析 remembertellingme意为 记得曾经告诉过我 1 ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish mycar a repairingb repairc torepaird repaired excersice 2 haveyouforgotten 1000frommelastmonth willyoupleaseremember ittomorrow a borrowing tobringb toborrow bringc borrowed bringingd borrowing bringing 3 theclassroomwants a cleanb cleanedc tocleand cleaning4 jacksaidthathewouldn tmind forus a towaitb waitc waitingd waited 5 mybrotherkeeps mewithmywork a tohelpb helpc helpingd helped6 weshouldoftenpractise englishwitheachother a tospeakb spokec speakd speaking 7 keepon andyouwillsucceed a atryb tryc triingd trying8 hisparentsinsiston tocollege a heshouldgob hegoc hisgoingd himtogo 9 thestorywassofunnythatwe a couldn thelplaughb can tbutlaughc couldn thelplaughingd couldn thelpbuttolaugh 10 thoughitsoundsabittoodear 昂贵 itisworth a beingboughtb buyingc tobuyd buyingit11 hedevotedhislifeto theatomictheory a studyb bestudiedc studyingd havestudied 12 wearebothlookingforwardto nextweek a goingonvocation 休假 b goonvocationc begoingonvocationd haveg