高考英语 教学新观点新方法 形容词缘何提到冠词前？自我测评新题型(1).docVIP

2014高考英语 教学新观点新方法 形容词缘何提到冠词前？自我测评新题型英语教学新观点新方法【本文简介】英语中，名词之前的修饰语，在正常情况下应该是先冠词，再形容词，最后名词，如：an interesting book。即便形容词之前有一个程度副词修饰，也是a very interesting book。但是，如果这个程度副词对形容词过分强调，那么，就把它连同形容词一并提到冠词之前，即题目上的so interesting a book：由原来的“a + 程度副词 + 形容词 + 名词”变成“程度副词 + 形容词+ a +名词”。此外，本资料还包括“out of .的8种用法及其习语归纳”。so interesting a book:词序变换缘于so的“过分强调”英语中，名词之前的修饰语，在正常情况下应该是先冠词，再形容词，最后名词，如：an interesting book。即便形容词之前有一个程度副词修饰，也是a very interesting book。但是，如果这个程度副词对形容词过分强调，那么，就把它连同形容词一并提到冠词之前，即题目上的so interesting a book。由原来的“a + 程度副词 + 形容词 + 名词”变成“程度副词 + 形容词+ a +名词”。试比较：this is a very important event. (very表示important的程度，但未过分强调，仍然是正常语序。)this is so important an event. (so 表示important的程度，属于过分强调，所以连同形容词一块提到冠词之前)这个观点是否有说服力呢？下面再举几个例子看看：that is too small a house for all of us to stay in for the night. 那房子太小了，我们所有人过夜根本住不过来。（不说：a too small house）how beautiful a painting you have drawn! 你画了一幅多么漂亮的画呀！（不说：a how beautiful painting）tom is not as (so) bright a boy as his younger brother. 汤姆不是一个像他弟弟那样聪明的孩子。（不说：as a bright boy as）he is a quite kind person. （正）he is quite a kind person. （正）he is quite kind a person.（误）从语用学的角度分析，在语言交际中，说话者强调什么，往往先说什么。这必然导致句子语序上的变化，此类例子比比皆是：out rushed the boys. （强调了out的最先感觉，至于谁出来不重要。）these apples i bought! （最先进入视觉的是这些apples。）【特别说明】本文的主要内容在一般语法书上均有所介绍，但普通语法书通常是这样描述的：当程度副词so, too, how, as修饰“不定冠词+形容词+名词”结构中的形容词时，英语习惯上要将不定冠词置于形容词之后。也就是说，普通语法书大多将这种语言现象归结于“习惯”，但本人认为这是“过分强调”的缘故。“out of .”的8种用法及其习语归纳刘永科我们经常见到out of work这个词组。例如，课文中的句子i worried about whether i would become out of work. “我担心我将来是否会失业。”英语中，out of的用法我们已是司空见惯，由其构成的短语也十分普遍。因此，我们有必要对此作一归纳和总结。（一）“out of .”的8种用法1. 表示静态的地点方位，意为“离开，在之外”：fish can not live out of water鱼离开了水就不能活。that factory is situated only five miles out of the city那家工厂离市区仅五英里。2. 表示动态的地点方向，意为“从出来”：a smelly gas came out of the cracks. 一种带有臭味的气体从裂缝中冒了出来。mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. 老鼠从地里跑出来寻找地方藏身。3. 表示“在范围以外”，“越出界限”：7. 表示整体的“部分关系”：this will happen in nine cases out of ten. 这种情况十之八九会发生。that is only one instance out of many. 那只不过是许多例子中的一个而已。8. 与某些动词连用，表示“放弃或丧失”：he talked his wife out of buying a new bicycle. 他说服他的妻子不要买新自行车。i couldnt persuade him out of the decision. 我没能说服他改变决定。（二）“out of +名词”固定词组举隅1. out of action 不在运转；发生故障the engine of the car is out of action. 这辆小汽车的发动机出了故障。2. out of breath 气喘吁吁，喘不过气来we ran so fast that we were out of breath. 我们跑得太快以致喘不过气来。3. out of balance失去平衡out of balance, the man fell off the ladder suddenly. 失去平衡，那人突然从梯子上摔下来。4. out of business停业；破产this shop has gone out of business for two months. 这家商店已经停业两个月了。5. out of character 不相称；不恰当it is out of character for him to say things like that. 他说那样的话是不恰当的。6. out of condition 身体不好，情况欠佳ive had no exercise for ages; im really out of condition. 我已多时没锻炼了，现在健康状况欠佳。7. out of control 失去控制the car went out of control and ran into a wall. 汽车失控，撞在一堵墙上。8. out of danger 脱离险境theyre still following us; were not out of danger yet. 他们仍然跟着，我们还没有脱险。9. out of date 过时，已不能用i must renew my passport. its out of date. 我要更换护照，这一本已经过期啦。10. out of debt 还清负债，没有债务i wish i could get out of debt now. 我希望我现在无债一身轻啊。17. out of gear运转失调；出了故障my watch got out of gear and would not run. 我的表出了毛病，不走啦。18. out of hand 失去控制；脱手these boys have got quite out of hand. 这些男孩已完全不受管束了。19. out of harmony不和谐；不协调the violin was out of harmony with the rest of the instruments. 小提琴拉得与其他乐器不谐调。20. out of hearing 在听不见的地方now they are out of hearing. 现在他们离得很远，听不见了。21. out of humor 情绪不好，不高兴what has put her out of humor today? 今天什么事使她不高兴？22. out of kindness出于好意out of kindness, perhaps, nobody said publicly what everybody knew privately. 可能出于好意，谁也没有公开说出人人都知道的秘密。23. out of love 不再爱；不喜欢if you love someone, you can always fall out of love again. 如果你爱上一个人，也可能总会失去这份爱。24. out of luck 运气不好；不凑巧you are out of luck. he just left and he wont be back for two weeks. 你来得真不凑巧。他刚走，而且两周内不会回来。25. out of mind发狂；心不在焉out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不想。26. out of necessity出于必要quite a few innovations have been created out of necessity. 由于需要，不少新的发明都已被创造出来了。27. out of office下台；在野there is no doubt that he will be out of office after this disaster. 此次灾难之后，他无疑将下台。28. out of order 次序紊乱；损坏了 the room was completely out of order. 整个房间乱七八糟。29. out of patience 不耐烦i was out of patience with his carelessness. 我对他的粗枝大叶已无法容忍。30. out of place 不在适当的位置；不适宜he felt out of place in their company. 跟他们在一起他感到不自在。上的有关该学科的最高权威。35. out of the question 不可能we cannot go out in this weatherit is out of the question. 天气这样糟，我们不能出去，这是完全不可能的。36. out of reach 无法拿到he put the box just out of reach. 他把盒子刚好放在够不到的地方。37. out of repair 损坏的，失修的the bridge has been out of repair for ages. 这座桥已年久失修。38. out of season 过时的，过了旺季的hotel charges are lower out of season. 旅馆在淡季收费较低。39. out of service 退役，退职he has been out of service in the army for many years. 他已退伍多年。40. out of shape变形，走样the shoes were worn out of shape. 鞋穿得走形了。41. out of sight 看不见的the ship is now out of sight. 那艘轮船现在看不见了。42. out of sorts 身体不适；心情不佳she was feeling out of sorts after eating lunch. 她吃过午饭后感到不太舒服。43. out of step 步调不一致；不协调；不符合he seems to be out of step with his colleagues. 他好像跟同事们合不来。44. out of style 过时的，不再流行的her dress is out of style. 她的穿着不时髦。45. out of