高考英语 阅读理解抓分练习题（16）外研版.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分练习题（16）及答案many of us mistakenly believe that its wrong to think we have any good qualities. we may spend a lot of time blaming ourselves for our negative qualities, thinking that self criticism is the key to improving our performance. however, a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people. how can we believe that others could like us if we believe our inner being is flawed（有缺陷）? if someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. the person who doesnt like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy or shy. perhaps you and that person are simply a mismatch for each other at this particular time. dont take yourself out of the game by deciding that your flaws are bigger than your good qualities. in fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else. for all the factors that might cause one person to reject you, there are at least as many factors that will work in your favor with someone else. you might be thirty pounds over your ideal weight, but you may have a wonderful laugh and a real enthusiasm for life. there are many people who dont mind your extra pounds. you may drive a shabby car, but you might be a great dancer and a loyal friend. there are people out there looking for loyalty, or fun, or sweetness, or wisdom, and the package it comes in is not important. if you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not everyone is looking for physical beauty in their friends. you can decide to feel inferior（自卑） because you dont have much money and you dont drive a nice car. you can believe that this is the reason that you dont have many friends in your life. on the other hand, if you are very wealthy you may be suspicious that everyone is after your money and that nobody really likes you as a person. the point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe its the reason you do not have friends and cannot make any. 36. according to the author _ plays an important role in making friends.a. admitting your shortcomings b. self criticism c. modesty d. confidence【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。根据a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people.既然我们强调我们的缺点有可能在交朋友方面成为绊脚石，那么我们就应该自信，故选d。37. if you are not liked by a person, _ .a. you should find the reason in yourselfb. youd better talk with the person face to facec. you may not be the one to be blamedd. you and that person misunderstand each other【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据if someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. the person who doesnt like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy or shy.不喜欢你也许和你一点关系都没有，你也许不应该受到责备，故选c。38. we can learn from the third paragraph that _ .a. your good qualities may turn out to be your flawsb. your weakness may also be your strengths in some wayc. your negative qualities cause a person to reject youd. youll have few friends if your flaws are bigger than your good qualities【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据in fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else.你的弱点也许是在某方面是你的强项，故选b。39. which of the following is true according to the author?a. it is important to lose weight.b. it is easier for a wealthy person to make friends.c. inner qualities are more important than physical appearance.d. if you are not beautiful enough, try to improve your physical beauty.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据if you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not everyone is looking for physical beauty in their friends.内心的美比外在的美要重要的多，故选c。40. what do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?a. how to find your good qualities.b. how to make friends.c. how to make self criticism.d. how to lose weight.【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据the point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe its the reason you do not have friends and cannot make any.既然找到了交不上朋友的原因，那么就应该找出自己的好的品质，下面就应该写如何找到自己好的品质，故选a。sunny countries are often poor. a shame, then, that solar power is still quite expensive. eight19, a british company by cambridge university, has, however, invented a novel way to get round this. in return for a deposit of around $10 it is supplying poor kenyan families with a solar cell able to generate 2.5 watts of electricity, a battery that can deliver a three amp（安培） current to store this electricity, and a lamp whose bulb is a light-emitting diode（二极管）. the firm thinks that this system, once the battery is fully charged, is enough to light two small rooms and to power a mobile-phone charger for seven hours. then, next day, it can be put outside and charged back up again.the trick is that, to be able to use the electricity, the systems keeper must buy a scratch cardfor as little as a dollaron which is printed a reference number. the keeper sends this reference, plus the serial number of the household solar unit, by sms to eight19. the companys server will respond automatically with an access code to the unit.users may consider that they are paying an hourly rate for their electricity. in fact, they are paying off the cost of the unit. after buying around $80 worth of scratch cardswhich eight19 expects would take the average family around 18 monthsthe user will own it. he will then have the option of continuing to use it for nothing, or of trading it in for a bigger one, perhaps driven by a 10-watt solar cell.in that case, he would go then through the same process again, paying off the additional cost of the upgraded kit at a slightly higher rate. users would therefore increase their electricity supply steadily and affordably. according to eight19s figures, this looks like a good deal for customers. the firm believes the average energy-starved kenyan spends around $10 a month on oilenough to fuel a couple of smoky lampsplus $2 on charging his mobile phone in the market-place. regular users of one of eight19s basic solar units will spend around half that, before owning it completely. meanwhile, as the cost of solar technology falls, it should get even cheaper. 41. the underlined word “get round” in the first paragraph can be replaced by _ .a. make use of b. come up with c. look into d. deal with 【答案】d【解析】词义猜测题。make use of利用； come up with想出； look into调查； deal with处理。根据solar power is still quite expensive及eight19, a british company by cambridge university, has, however, invented a novel way to因为太阳能仍然很贵，所以eight19发明了一个新的方法来解决这个问题，故选d。 42. what should the user do when the electricity in the battery is used up?a. buy a scratch card. b. recharge it outside.c. buy another solar cell.d. return it to the company.【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句then, next day, it can be put outside and charged back up again.可知没有电了，你可以把它放在外面重新充电，故选a。43. how much would users pay for the cell and scratch cards before they own a 2.5-watt solar cell?a. around $10. b. around $80. c. around $90. d. around $180.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据文章1,3段after buying around $80 worth of scratch cardswhich eight19 expects would take the average family around 18 monthsthe user will own it. 和in return for a deposit of around $10 it is supplying poor kenyan families with a solar cell able to generate 2.5 watts of electricity可知在你拥有这些之前，你要花费90元。故选c。44. it can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.a. kenyan families would find it difficult to afford the solar cellb. using the solar cell would help kenyan families save money c. few kenyan families use mobile phones for lack of electricityd. the company will make a great profit from selling solar cells 【答案】b【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段the firm believes the average energy-starved kenyan spends around $10 a month on oilenough to fuel a couple of smoky lampsplus $2 on charging his mobile phone in the market-place. regular users of one of eight19s basic solar units will spend around half that, before owning it completely. meanwhile, as the cost of solar technology falls, it should get even cheaper.可知这样做会让太阳能的成本降低，会给肯尼亚的人来到好处。故选b。45. what might be the most suitable title for the passage?a. solar energy: starting from scratch.b. eight19: a creative british company.c. kenyan families: using solar energy for free.d. poor countries: beginning to use solar energy.【答案】a【解析】标题归纳题。根据文章主题段第一段内容可知本文讲述的是eight19,这家英国的公司所采用的使用太阳能的一种新的方法，故选a。5、（201*吉林省吉林一中冲刺）forty years ago, rachel carson died and the pittsburgh area lost perhaps its most influential citizen. a native of a pennsylvania college for women graduate, carson published “silent spring” in 1962, a work that launched the modern environmental movement and led to the creation of the environmental protection agency (epa) as well as the passage of our major environmental laws.however, there has been a puzzling and troubling trend in recent years: an attack on her theory by conservatives and the agrochemical (农用化学品) industry. for example, rush limbaugh gave the following quiz: “who caused more deaths: adolf hitler or rachelcarson?” limbaughs answer was carson, due to the approximately 100 million deaths from malaria (疟疾) since 1972, the year in which the pesticide (杀虫剂）ddt was banned for use in the united states in part as a result of “silent spring.”therefore, on this 40th anniversary of carsons death, we need to take a scientific look at the myths that remain about pesticides.myth 1: pesticide usage has declined since 1962. in fact, pesticide usage has more than doubled since 1962, and the global pesticide industry currently uses over 2.5 million tons of pesticides each year. even ddt is still used abroad. myth 2: pesticides are safe. in fact, as carson warned us, these poisonous chemicals are unsafe since they are designed to kill biological organisms, but are often not specific in their targets. pesticide exposure can cause skin irritation, headache, cancer and even death. according to the who, over 25 million people a year in developing countries suffer severe acute pesticide poisonings with over 20,000 deaths. of the 80,000 pesticides and other chemicals in use today, 10 percent are recognized as carcinogens (致癌物质). according to recent studies, brain cancer rates are five times higher in homes with “no-pest” strips and six times higher in homes where pets wear flea collars (杀蚤颈圈). our homes have pesticide concentrations 10 to 100 times higher than outdoors.so, if carson were with us today, still battling the agrochemical industry that spent millions of dollars, what would she be advocating? i feel confident that she would be a strong supporter of a new principle of chemical assessment. simply put, this principle requires producers of pesticides to prove that they are safe and necessary before they are put on the market. our current system puts the burden of proof on government and scientists to prove that a pesticide is dangerous and poses an “unacceptable risk” before it can be pulled from the market. 57