高考英语二轮阅读理解专题训练精品题（5）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解专题训练二轮精品题（5）及答案 阅读理解 pretending to be happy can actually make you more miserableespecially if youre a woman, according to a new study. researchers found that walking around with a forced smile and faking(假装的)happiness simply led to people feeling gloomier. so, putting a brave face on your woes could actually be counterproductive. the research found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy. psychologist, dr. brent scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when workers were dealing with clients could backfire (产生事的愿违的不良后果). he said:“smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional exhaustion, and thats bad for the organization.” dr. scott said the research showed customer service workers who“faked smiles”throughout a day worsened their moods and then withdrew from work, so their productivity dropped. he added:“bosses may think that getting their staff to smile is good for the organization, but thats not necessarily the case.”dr. scott, assistant professor of management at michigan state university, analyzed a group of bus drivers during a two week period. the study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional displays over a period of time and compare the different effects that they have on men and women. his team examined the effects of“surface acting”or fake smilingcompared to what was termed“deep acting”, or cultivating positive emotions by recalling pleasant memories.dr. scott said: “women were harmed more bysurface acting, meaning their moods worsened even more than men and they withdrew more from work. however , they were helped more bydeep acting,which meant their moods improved more.”dr. scott suggested women tended to suffer more when pretending to be happy because they were expected to be more emotionally expressive than men. therefore, faking a smile while they are feeling down is more likely to go against their normal behavior and cause more harmful feelings.although,“deep acting”seemed to improve moods in the short term, dr. scott said it was not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy.he said:“youre trying to cultivate positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself any more”61. what does the underlined sentence in paragraph 1 mean? a. forcing one to smile could make one feel better b. wearing a fake smile could worsen ones mood c. always smiling could improve ones performance d. wearing a fake smile could help one free from sadness62. the finding of the research might serve as a warning to . a. men b. employees c. customers d. bosses63. according to dr. brent scott, . a. most bus drivers have to wear“fake smiles” b. “fake smiles”workers work better than usual c. “fake smiles”might lead to lower productivity d. bosses know the negative effect of forced smiles64. it can be inferred from paragraph 4 that . a. pleasant memories are associated with positive feelings b. men suffer more from fake smiling, compared to women c. women should smile a lot when faced with new challenges d. few employers know how to increase the productivity of their staff65.“deep acting”is helpful to women in that . a. they forget their trouble b. they will behave normally c. they become more talkative d. their moods are getting better【参考答案】61-65 bdcad ai think it was my mother who taught me the meaning of honesty. not because she actually was honest, but because she lied all the time. she felt that the easiest way out of any given situation was generally the best way out. and, for her, that generally meant telling a “little white lie”. as a young child i thought it was kind of cool. and, naturally, when i would come to her with a concern or question wondering what i should do, she generally advised me to lie.“mom, i told theresa that i would go over to her house, but now i would rather go to sues house to play.”“tell theresa youre sick，” she would advise. and generally i did. but i didnt seem blessed with her lack of conscience. on many painful occasions theresa would find out that i really went to sues house without her. these occasions taught me that it is more painful to be caught in a lie than it is to tell the truth in the first place. i wondered how it was possible that my mother had never learned that lesson.i started thinking of all the lies that id heard her tell. i remembered the time she told someone that her favorite restaurant had closed, because she didnt want to see them there anymore. or the time she told dad that she loved the lawnmower he gave her for her birthday. or when she claimed that our phone lines had been down when she was trying to explain why she hadnt been in touch with a friend of hers for weeks. and what bothered me even more were all the times she had involved me into her lies. like the time she told my guidance counselor that i had to miss school for exploratory surgery, when she really needed me to babysit. and it even started to bother me when someone would call for her and she would ask me to tell them that she wasnt there.so, i started my own personai fight against her dishonesty. when i answered the phone and it was someone my mother didnt want to talk to, i said, “louise, mom is here, but she doesnt want to talk to you.” the first time i did it, she punished me, but i refused to apologize. i told her that i had decided that it was wrong to lie. and the next time it happened i did the same thing. finally, she approached me and said, “i agree that lying is not the best thing to do, but we need to find a way to be honest without being rude.” she admitted that her methods werent right, and i admitted that mine were a bit too extreme.over the past few years, the two of us have worked together to be honestand yet kind. honesty should mean more than not lying. it should mean speaking the truth in kindness. though i started by trying to teach my mom the importance of honesty, i ended up gaining a deeper understanding of the meaning of the term.1. the authors mother _.a. thought white lies were not liesb. helped the author get out of trouble with white liesc. told the author to lie when in troubled. taught the author the importance of being honest2. the author _.a. was thankful to her mothers adviceb. felt more awkward when being caught lyingc. found that telling the truth hurt more than telling a lied. felt guilty when hurting people with her honesty3. it can be inferred that the authors mother _.a. met her friends in the same restaurant regularlyb. didnt get along with the authors teachersc. was not popular among her friendsd. wanted to have something else for her birthday4. finally the author and her mother agreed that _.a. kindheartedness is more important than honestyb. appropriate methods are the key to telling a good liec. honesty is defined as kindness as well as truthfulnessd. absolute honesty is basic to good interpersonal relationships【参考答案】14、cbdc 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。aice climb in londonthe huge ice skating area at somerset house has been drawing crowds each winter for years, but last november an ice wall was added for the first time, bringing even more danger and excitement. standing more than 26 feet high is a long line of pure ice, featuring three climbing faces of varying difficulty using crampons (防滑鞋), ice picks and ropes. using it costs about 40 (020 78454600; .uk). it is open from late november to the end of january.hang-gliding (悬挂式滑翔) in rio de janeiroaccording to the hang-gliders of rio, once youve swooped (俯冲) over the citys streets, gazing at the sugar loaf, and the city of niteroion, the other side of guanabara bay, you will understand why birds are peaceful animals. accept the romantic idea on a 30-minute cycling flight from the 525-meter pedra bonita in the sao conrado mountain down to the sao conrado beach. it costs around 55.contact air adventures (00 21 9843 9006; www.riohanggliding. com).skywalk in sydneythis experience takes having a look at a nice view to the whole other level, as you are suspended more than 850 feet (260 m) above street level, controlled to a glass viewing platform of sydney tower. its the citys highest building. after a thorough briefing and being fitted with protective skysuits, skywalkers make their way along two-purpose-built walkways and platforms, which have transparent floor, while a guide points out landmarks. night time skywalks are also available. it costs 46.mountain boarding in leedsriders roll down hills and fly off jumps, doing tricks. a number of special mountainboard parks have opened around the country (see www. ). but the leeds body of the boarding society practice at least twice a week in the city in locations that include roundhay park. those with their own boards are welcomed to join them. contact the society at . alternatively, beginners can get lessons in halifax at the another world (01422 245196; www. mountain boarding.co.uk) mountainboard center for 8 an hour, with equipment.41. the purpose of the above ads is to _.a. offer some ways to experience extreme sportsb. help readers have different excitement during their holidaysc. introduce the most exciting sports around the worldd. introduce the latest sports in the world42. which of the following is open at night?a. ice climb in london. b. hang-gliding in rio de janeiro.c. skywalk in sydney. d. mountainboarding in leeds.43. what kind of feeling would you have if you went hang-gliding in rio de janeiro?a. flying peacefully like a bird. b. jumping quickly like a sportsman.c. flying over the city like a pilot. d. flying like a romantic actor.44. you have never tried dangerous sport, then you can get on _ to find some training information.a. b. c. d. www.mountainboarding.co.uk【参考答案】41-44 acad 阅读理解-bin a time of low academic achievement by children in the united states, many americans are turning to japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. however, the answers provided by japanese preschools are not the ones americans expected to find. in most japanese preschools,s urprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. in one investigation, 300 japanese and 210 american preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. only 2 percent of the japanese respondents listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. in contrast, over half the american respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. to prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. the majority of young japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.in the recent comparison of japanese and american preschool education, 91 percent of japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. 62 percent of the more individually oriented（强调个性发展的）americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. an emphasis on the importance of the group seen in japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.like in america, there is diversity in japanese early childhood education. some japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. in large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.some japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the childrens chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some japanese kindergartens.45. we learn from the first paragraph that many americans believe _.a. japanese parents pay more attention to preschool education than american parentsb. japans economic success is a result of its scientific achievementsc. japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instructiond. japans higher education is better than theirs46. most american respondents believe that preschools should also attach importance to_.a. problem solving b. group experiencec. parental guidance d. individually oriented development47. in japans preschools education, the focus is on _.a. preparing childrens artistic interestsb. developing childrens artistic interestsc. tapping childrens potentiald. shaping childrens character48. why do some japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?a. they can do better in their future studies.b. they can gain more group experience there.c. they can be individually oriented when they grows up.d. they can have better chances of getting a first-rate education【参考答案】45-48 cbdd 阅读理解-bair pollution is damaging 60% of europes prime wildlife sites in meadows, forests and bushes, according to a new report.a team of eu scientists said nitrogen emissions(氮排放) from cars, factories and farming were threatening biodiversity. its the second report this week warning of the ongoing riks and threats linked to nitrogen pollution.nitrogen in the atmosphere is harmless in its inert(惰性的) state, but the report says reactive forms of nitrogen, largely produced by human activity, can be a menace to the natural world.emissions mostly come from vehicle exhausts(排气), factories, artificial fertilizers(肥料) and animal waste from intensive farming. the reactive nitrogen they emit to the air disrupts the environment in two ways: it can make acidic soils too acidic to support their previous mix of species. but primarily, because nitrogen is a fertilizer, it favors wild plants that can maximize the use of nitrogen to help them grow.in effect, some of the nitrogen spread to fertilize crops is carried in the atmosphere to fertilize weeds, possibly a great distance from where the chemicals were first applied.the effects of fertilization and acidification favor common aggressive species like grasses, brambles and nettles. they harm more delicate species like mosses(苔藓), and insecteating sundew plants.the report said 60% of wildlife sites were now receiving a critical load of reactive nitrogen. the reports lead author, dr. kevin hicks from the university of yorks stockholm environment institute(sei), told bbc news that englands peak district had a definitely low range of species as a result of the reactive nitrogen that fell on the area.“nitrogen creates a rather big problem that seems to m