高考英语二轮阅读理解精英训练精品题（17）.doc

2014高考英语二轮阅读理解精英训练精品题（17）及答案高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-awugging, or web use giving, describes the act of giving to charity at no cost to the user. by using everyclick. com, which is being added to a number of university computers across the uk this week, students can raise money every time they search, but it wont cost them a penny.research shows that students are enthusiastic about supporting charity, 88% of full time students have used the internet to give to charity. this figure is high, considering this age group is often the least likely to have disposable(可支配的)income. 19% of 22 to 24 years old have short-term debts of more than 5，000. with rising personal debt levels in this age group, due to university tuition fees or personal loans and a lack of long-term savings, traditional methods of donating to charity are often not appealing or possible.beth truman, a 21-year-old recent university graduate has used everyclick. com to donate to her chosen charity, the rspca, for two years and has seen thewuggingmovement grow popular with students. “when youre at university you become more socially aware, but its sometimes hard to give to others when you have little money yourself.” says beth. “wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny.”wugging is perfect for people who want to be more socially aware and supportive but dont feel they have the means to do so. students using the web can generate money for causes they care about without it costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding.everyclick. com works like any other search engine, allowing users to search for information, news and images but users can identify which of the uks 170，000 charities they would like to support through their clicks. everyclick. com then makes monthly payments to every registered charity. launched in june 2005 everyclick. com is now the eighth largest search engine and one of the busiest charity websites in the uk.1. according to the passage everyclick. com contributes to charity_. a. without taking any money from usersb. by receiving money from studentsc. by directly offering information to studentsd. by advertising on their website答案解析：答案为a。本题为细节题。由第一段最后一句话 “students can raise money every time they search, but it wont cost them a penny.” 和第三段最后一句话 “wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny.” 可知，everyclick. com对慈善事业作贡献不收取捐助人的费用，故答案为a。2. how does beth truman think of the“wugging”movement? a. it makes everyclick. com popular in the uk.b. it makes giving to charity easy.c. it is a common way to promote the studentssocial awareness.d. it stresses the importance of charity in peoples daily lives. 答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节推理题。由第三段最后一句话 “as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give it to charity, without costing them a single penny.” 可知，答案为b。3. from the passage, we can conclude that _. a. more full time students contribute to charity on the internet every dayb. everyclick. com helps students pay for the college educationc. “wugging”is a win-win idea for both students and charitiesd. e is the most successful search engine in the uk 答案解析：答案为c。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段 “students using the web can generate money for causes they care about without it costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding.”可知，学生可以依靠该网站为慈善事业捐钱而不花费时间或金钱，慈善事业也可以得到珍贵的基金源，该网站为学生和慈善事业创造了双赢，故答案为c。4. what would be the best title for this passage? a. “wugging”, a new popular term on the internetb. british people show strong interest in charitiesc. more britain charities benefit from the internetd. students raise money for charity by“wugging” 答案解析：答案为d。本题考查文章的标题。通读全文可知，“wugging” 、“students”和“charity”是全文话题的三个主要要素，故标题为d选项，最能概括全文的大意。阅读理解- (2011天津卷，c)an idea that started in seattles public library has spread throughout america and beyond.the concept is simple：help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.in addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all，the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus，as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools.the idea came from seattle librarian nancy pearl who launched(发起)the“if all of seattle read the same book”project in 1998.her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other american cities，and even to hong kong.in chicago，the mayor (市长) appeared on television to announce the choice of to kill a mockingbird as the first book in the “one book，one chicago”program.as a result，reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city.across the us, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.the only problem arose in new york，where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population.this may show that the idea works best in mediumsized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity (一致) can be achieved.or it may show that new yorkers rather missed the point，putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than into discussion about a book itself.ultimately，as nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book，but by how many people are enriched by the process，or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared_a_word.西雅图的一名图书管理员建议大家在同一时间阅读同一本书，并允许陌生人在公共场所对这本书进行讨论，这样做既可以促进陌生人之间的交流，又能培养公众的社区意识。然而，在像纽约等一些大城市，由于人口背景复杂，很难选出一本具有代表性的书，或许这一想法在一些中等城市更容易实施。12what is the purpose of the project launched by nancy?ato invite authors to guide readers.bto encourage people to read and share.cto involve people in community service.dto promote the friendship between cities.答案：b。细节理解题。由第二段“her original program used author visits，study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book”可以推知正确答案。13why was it difficult for new yorkers to carry out the project?athey had little interest in reading.bthey were too busy to read a book.cthey came from many different backgrounds.dthey lacked support from the local government.答案：c。细节理解题。由第四段第一句话可知，纽约城市大，人口众多且文化背景多样化，因此人们很难选出一本有代表性的书。14according to the passage，where would the project be more easily carried out?ain large communities with little sense of unity.bin large cities where libraries are far from home.cin mediumsized cities with a diverse population.din large towns where agreement can be quickly reached.答案：d。细节理解题。由第四段第二句话可知，这一想法在中等城市或大的城镇较容易实施，因为在那儿人们很容易达成一致。c项为人口多样化的中等城市，与句意不符。15the underlined words“shared a word”in paragraph 5 probably mean_.aexchanged ideas with each otherbdiscussed the meaning of a wordcgained life experiencedused the same language答案：a。词义猜测题。由第二段内容可知，该活动的目的就是让陌生人通过讨论这本书而达到交流的目的，故a项正确。16according to nancy，the degree of success of the project is judged by_.athe careful selection of a proper bookbthe growing popularity of the writerscthe number of people who benefit from readingdthe number of books that each person reads答案：c。细节理解题。根据最后一段“.the level of success is not measured by how many peope read the book，but by how many people are enriched by the process.”可知c项正确。阅读理解-a- (2011昆明质检，a)i recently heard a story about a famous research scientist who had made several very important medical achievements. a newspaper reporter interviewed him why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person. what set him so far apart from others? he responded that it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about two years old. he had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he dropped the slippery bottle, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floora real sea of milk!when his mother came into the kitchen，instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or punishing him, she said, “robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! i have rarely seen such a huge pool of milk. well, the damage has already been done. would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up？”indeed, the boy did. after a few minutes, his mother said, “you know, robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper order. how would you like to do that? we could use a sponge(海绵)，a towel or a mop. which do you prefer？” he chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.his mother then said，“you know，what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. lets go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it. ”the little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could make it. what a wonderful lesson!this famous scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didnt need to be afraid to make mistakes.当记者采访一位富有创造性的杰出科学家为什么他与众不同时，这位科学家说这一切源于2岁时妈妈给他上的一课，从中我们可以意识到孩提时代的教育方法的重要性。1when the mother found the kitchen floor covered with milk, she _.a. gave the boy a lecture instead of shouting at himb. praised the boy instead of punishing himc. felt satisfied with the boys trying to help himselfd. calmed down the boy and helped him find a way to clean the floor答案：d。事实细节题。由第三、四、五段的内容可知，妈妈看到牛奶洒了一地后，首先安慰那个男孩让他镇定下来，然后帮助他找到清洁地板的方法并找到最终解决怎样用一双小手拿稳瓶子的方法，故选d。2the childs experience resulted in the following but _.a. offering the boy a chance to grasp the bottleb. benefiting the boy all his lifec. helping the boy be more creatived. making the boy realize the mistake is of value答案：a。推理判断题。由第一段和第二段可知当这位富有创造性的科学家被采访到他为何富有创造性时，他说起两岁时的一次经历可以推断出这件事启迪了他的创造性同时也使他终生受益可知b、c正确；由尾段可推知他通过这次经历意识到了错误的价值，故只有a项不是那次经历导致的结果，故答案选a。3according to the passage, the way the scientists mother used is _.a. instructive b. strictc. formal d. strange答案：a。推理判断题。通读文章可知妈妈的方法具有教育性、启发性和指导意义。故选a。4the purpose of the passage is to show _.a. a usual way to cultivate a childb. a scientists medical achievementsc. a mothers wise way of helping her childd. the advantages of making mistakes答案：c。推理判断题。总览文章可知作者的目的和意图是展示妈妈帮助孩子的明智的方法，故选c。高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-bresearchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the use of a decision worksheet. psychologists who study optimization（最佳化）compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. advocates of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. although there are several variations on the exact format（格式）that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. worksheets require defining the problem in a clear way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. next, the related considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. a decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. the alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision. since most important problems are multifaceted(多方面的)，there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. one of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. on the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. a worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. a realistic example for many college students is the question “what will i do after graduation?” a graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year. a decision-making worksheet begins with a clear statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. it is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to “what will i do after graduation that will lead to successful career?”1. what does the passage mainly discuss?a. a tool to assist in making complex decisions.b. a comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions.c. research on how people make decisions.d. difference between long-range and short-range decision-making.答案解析：答案为a。本题为主旨大意题。文章第一段开头就点出了讨论的话题 “researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, involves the use of a decision worksheet.”，帮助做重要决定的决策工作表，故答案为a。2. of the following steps, which occurs before the three other steps in making a decision worksheet?a. listing the consequences of each solution.b. calculating a numerical summary of each solution.c. deciding which consequences are most important.d. writing down all possible solutions.答案解析：答案为d。本题为细节题。由第一段 “although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects.”可知，尽管决策工作表在格式上有不同之处，但是他们在本质方面是类似的。文章接下来就对制作决策工作表的步骤进行了介绍 “worksheets require defining the problem in a clear way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. next, ” 可以推断，第一步就是定义问题并列举所有解答问题的方法，因此答案为d。3. according to decision-making worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that _.a. has the fewest variables to considerb. uses t