高考英语完形填空专题训练精品题（96）.doc

2014高考英语完形填空专题训练精品题（96）及答案atemperature is measured by means of a thermometer (温度计). one general form of thermometer depends upon the fact that most solids and liquids expand as their temperature rises. there are one or two exceptions. there is, for instance, a kind of steel called invar (from “invariable”) which does not change its dimensions as temperature changes; it is valuable for making pendulums (钟摆), since, if the length of a pendulum changes, its time of vibration changes. it is also used for making very accurate measuring scales. in both cases, then, changes of atmospheric temperature have no effect if invar is used. another exception is that very odd liquid, water, which has many strange properties (特性). as water gets colder it contracts (收缩), which is ordinary behavior, until it reaches the temperature of 30. above freezing point. after that, as it gets colder, it expands. this is fortunate-for considering the freezing of a pond. as the water on top gets colder, it shrinks; and so, volume for volume, it becomes heavier and sinks. this goes on until all the pond is at 30, but after that, as the water becomes colder it expands. therefore the colder water stays on top and freezes, covering the pond with ice. if the water went on contracting down to the freezing point, the pond would become a solid block of ice in the end. this would not worry people who live in hot climates, but it would be very serious for those who live in cold climates, especially for those who want to break the ice and catch fish which live in the cold water beneath.1. invar is valuable for making pendulums because _.a. it can hardly change its shape or size as temperature changes. b. it will change its dimensions without the change of temperature.c. its time of vibration doesnt change if its length changes. d. its time of vibration does change if its length changes.2. as water gets colder after reaching the temperature of 30. it will _.a. contract b. shrink c. expand d. freeze3. which of the following statements is true, according to this passage?a. only invar can be used to make a thermometer. b. only water can be used to make a thermometer.c. both invar and water can be used to make a thermometer. d. neither invar nor water can be used to make a thermometer. 4. the best title of this passage is most likely to be _.a. temperature measurement b. two exceptionsc. uses of invar d. properties of water【参考答案】(a) acdb 阅读理解-cthe united states has always been a country of many cultures. before europeans came to north america, many groups of native americans lived here. different native american groups had different cultures. the first europeans in the united states were from england and holland, but immigrants came from all european countries. many people also immigrated from asia and africa. sadly, many africans were brought to the united states as slaves. many immigrants come from latin america too. today, the united states has people from more cultures than ever.in the 19th century, people spoke of the united states as a “melting pot.” people thought that all immigrates should forget their native cultures and languages and become english-speaking americans. they felt that people should assimilate - join american culture. however, not everyone wanted to assimilate completely. many people tried to keep parts of their cultures, such as foods, customs, and languages. however, their children often forgot their parents or grandparents language. but most americans, even those whose families have been here a long time, can tell the countries their relatives came from. and of course, new immigrants take great pride in their curare and language.for all of these reasons, melting pot is no longer a good way to describe the united states. instead, people now call the united states a “salad bowl.” they say salad bowl because in a salad, you can still see all of the individual parts (lettuce, tomato, and so on), but all the different parts mixed together and begin to take on the flavor of one another.8. which of the following is the key information the writer wants to tell us in the first paragraph?a. there used to be many groups of native americans.b. englishmen were among the first to settle in america.c. asians and africans also immigrated to america.d. usa today is made up of people from across the world.9. the “melting pot” _.a. is an accurate way to describe the united statesb. is a place where people from different cultures should assimilate completelyc. cannot accurately reflect the reality in the united statesd. cannot be replaced by the “salad bowl”10. which of the following is true according to the passage?a. many immigrates to the united states try to keep some of their culture.b. immigrates are encouraged to use english wherever they go in the usa.c. children of early immigrates can speak english as well as their parents native language.d. new immigrants want to live in their own culture and language.11. the “salad bowl” reflects the fact that immigrates to the united states _. a. help each other b. assimilate only partially c. take great pride in their culture and languaged. remain independent【参考答案8-11】dca b 阅读理解-dexpecting good things can make you healthier and might even lengthen your life, says researcher suzaane segerstrom, phd, author of breaking murphys law. segerstrom is coauthor of a recent review of studies on the benefits of a positive attitude-and has experienced them herself. we asked her about optimisms principles and payoffs.l) feeling well helps when youre not well.“when researchers look at people who have similar medical conditions, they can predict whos likely to live longer: the one who feels his health is better. theres something about that feeling of wellness thats important, even-maybe especially-if youre ill. optimism also seems to help buffer (减缓) you against stress. ive been studying first-year law students for 16 years. thats a very stressed group, but in my most recent study, each time a students optimism increased one point on a five-point scale, his immune (免疫性的) response to an injected virus or yeast improved by 20 percent.”2) optimism is something you do.“anxiety and other negative emotions are known to be detri-mental to the body, especially to your cardiovascular and immune systems (心血管和免疫系统), and having an optimistic nature seems to protect against those effects.in addition, research shows that people who axe optimistic about their future behave differently. they exercise more, are less likely to smoke, and follow a better diet. and if they get sick, theyre more likely to actively participate in their treatment. ive seen that myself-i have back pain from arthritis, but i think my willingness to do whatever it takes has helped a lot.”3) not happy? dont worry.“happiness is a feeling; optimism is a belief that aspects of your future will turn out well. happiness can fluctuate (波动) a lot, but an optimistic disposition (性格) is usually pretty stable. if youre not optimistic, you can try creating a positive events log. good filings happen to everyone, but pessimists often dont take notice; spending a few minutes every day writing about at least three positive things may help you expect them more often. or instead of trying to be optimistic, do what optimists do: work hard to reach your goals. each accomplishment should make it easier to be hopeful about the next one.”12. the main finding of the study done by 8uzanae segerstrom is _.a. people will benefit from their positive attitudes towards lifeb. anyone who feels his health is better lives longerc. people who are optimistic about their future behave differentlyd. happiness usually results in a bright future13. what conclusion did suzanne segerstrom draw from her studies on her fast-year law students?a. the better medical care they enjoy, the longer they will live.b. the younger they arc, the stronger they will be.c. the more optimistic they am, the less likely they will get ill.d. the better they feel, the more rapidly they will recover from illness.14. we learn from the passage that optimistic people _.a. are easy to give up smokingb. are willing to do whatever they are askedc. take an active part in all aspectsd. tend to have a better life style15. what are you advised to do according to the passage?a. take exercise as much as you can.b. keep a daily note of positive things.c. work hard and play hard.d. make your goals easy to reach.【参考答案】1215、acdb阅读理解-bi was walking along the main street of a small seaside town in the north of england looking for somewhere to make a phone call. my car had broken down outside the town and i wanted to contact the aa. low grey clouds were gathering across the sky and there was a cold damp wind blowing off the sea which nearly threw me off my feet every time i crossed one of the side streets. it had rained in the night and water was dripping from the bare trees that lined the street. i was glad that i was wearing a thick coat. there was no sign of a call box, nor was there anyone at that early hour whom i could ask. i had thought i might find a shop open selling the sunday papers or a milkman doing his rounds, but the town was completely dead. the only living thing i saw was a thin frightened cat outside a small restaurant. then suddenly i found what i was looking for. there was a small post office, and almost hidden from sight in a dark narrow street next to it was the towns only public call box, which b