高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（24）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（24）及答案阅读理解over two hundred years ago, adam smith introduced some ideas which brought about a world revolutionif we enjoy a high standard of living in modem society, we owe much to this scottish economist and philosopherif we enjoy driving in beautiful cars, wearing fashionable shoes, or flying away to distant places for exciting holidays, we should perhaps pay thanks to the man who made it all possiblewhat was adam smiths contribution? like so many ideas which have surprising effects, his was a simple onehe watched workers practicing their craft（工艺） of pi11 makingone man would heat the strip of metal, stretch it out, cut off a suitable length, shape it, cool it and finally smooth and shine itsmith drew attention to the advantages which could be gained if these various tasks were performed by different workerslet one be responsible for preparing the metalanother for stretching and cuttinganother for shapinganother for finishinghe described the technique as the division of labor; in this way workers repeat the same actions again and againsmith made the world believe that specialization could solve the problem of poverty and wantwhat was the result? the industrial revolutionproductivity was greatly increasedfor britain, where the revolution started, there was a prosperity which made it the richest country in the nineteenth centurybritish trains and railway lines spread out like a spiders web across the world british ships were used to carry the new goods from one comer of the world to anotherthe revolution is not overit is still with us, but now it is a worldwide phenomenon （现象） everywhere, factories are producing large numbers of similar products, and are in continuous productionwhat were called mass - production lines yesterday are called robotic productions todaythe pace of change is increasingand if these techniques have brought us prosperity, they have also brought us a little misery in overcrowded towns, boring jobs and, most of all, unemployment57what would be the best tide for the text?athe causes of industrial revolutionbadam smith, the economist and philosophercthe industrial revolution and its significancedthe theory of division of labor and its significance58we should be grateful to adam smith because _ahis ideas made it possible for people to improve their lives?bhe invented a more efficient way of pin makingche brought to people a high standard of livingdhe started the industrial revolution59which of the following is true according to the text?athe division of labor makes work more interestingbadam smith insisted that each worker be better paidcspecialization could solve the problem of unemploymentdadam smith put forward the idea of the division of labor60we can learn from the text that the industrial revolution .aled to adam smiths idea of specializationbwas finished in the nineteenth centurycalso has its side effects in societydput an end to poverty in the world参考答案第三部分 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)【福建师大附中2013模拟】aon august 16, 1977, elvis presley saved me.the previous afternoon, i played with my six-year-old peers in heather peters backyard. i was enjoying my cake, when heather asked me where my sleeping bag was. only then did i know this party was a sleepover. the word “sleep-over” to a six-year-old bed-wetter is like what “cancer” means to an adult. but what if i told them i was a bed-wetter? at least with cancer, people gather at your bedside instead of running from it.i thought of a way to escape. i would explain that i needed my mothers permission to spend the nights. but as i called my mom, heather stood beside me to listen. she granted permission! then i would be sleeping in the same living room as the other girls. i didnt bring my own pajamas (睡衣)，so mrs. peters offered me heathers pajamas.as the other girls drifted into their sweet dreams, i tried to stay awake. “do i need to go again? ill stay up to go one more time. .”.of course , i finally fell asleep.the next morning , i was the first to wake up. i was warm! i lay in panic for what seemed like hours before the other girls started to wake up. i did the only thing i could do i pretended that the bed-wetting didnt happen. i got up, took off heathers pajamas and changed into my clothes like the other girls.mrs. peters walked into the room, and before she could say anything, she stepped right onto the pile of my wet pajamas. my heart stopped as i watched her face burn red. “who did this?” she screamed, with a look so frightening. should i answer? and that was when it happened mr. peters came in and grabbed his wife , elvis presley died!”the news of the kings death overtook mrs. peters, and i ,was spared. i got home without the other girls knowing what had happened.56. the author had to spend the night at peters because _. a. she enjoyed her cake there b. her mother asked her to do soc. the famous singer elvis presley died that nightd. she and her friends were having a sleepover party57. mrs. peters got angry because _.a. she found the wet pajamasb. elvis presley passed awayc. her husband was rude to herd. all the girls slept at her house58. from the story, we know mrs. peters was _. a. a crazy womanb. a fan of elvis presleyc. a woman for perfectiond. a woman who hated to wash pajamas59. the passage is mainly about _.a. an embarrassing childhood incident b. an adventure experiencec. a friendship between two girls d. an unfriendly hostess【参考答案】56-59 daba a jacqueline bouvier kennedy onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed （展现） herself as she did nowhere else after the death of her second husband, greek shipping magnate（巨头）aristotie onassis, jacquelines close friend and former white house social secretary letitia baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career in publishingafter consideration, jacqueline accepted itperhaps she hoped to find some ideas about how to live her own lifeshe became not less but more interested in readingfor the last 20 years of her life, jacqueline worked as a publishers editor, first at viking, then at doubleday, pursuing a late-life career longer than her two marriages combinedduring her time in publishing, she was responsible for managing and editing more than 100 successfully marketed books. among the first books were in the russian style and inventive paris clothes. she also succeeded in persuading tv hosts bill moyers and joseph campbell to transform their popular television conversation into a book, the power of myth. the book went on to become an international best-sellershe dealt ,too, with michael jackson as he prepared his autobiography，moonwalk jacqueline may have been hired for her name and for her social relations, but she soon proved her worth. her choices, suggestions and widespread social relations were of benefit both to the publishing and to jacqueline herselfin the books she selected for publication, she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mindher books are the autobiography she never wrote. her role as first lady, in the end, was overshadowed by her performance as an editorhowever, few knew that she had achieved so much41we can learn from the passage that jacqueline _. awas in charge of publishing 100 books bgained a lot from her career as an editor cpromoted her books through social relationsdbecame fond of reading after working as an editor42the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that .ajacqueline ended up as an editor rather than as first ladybjacqueline was more successful as an editor than as first ladycjacquelines life as first lady was more colorful than as an editordjacquelines role as first lady was more brilliant than as an editor43what can be inferred from the passage?ajacquelines achievements were widely knownbjacquelines two marriages lasted more than 20 years cjacquelines own publishing firm was set up eventually djacquelines views and beliefs were reflected in the books she edited44the passage is mainly _. aa brief description of jacquelines lifelong experiences ban analysis of jacquelines social relations in publishingca brief account of jacquelines career as an editor in her last 20 yearsdan introduction of jacquelines life both as first lady and as an editor参考答案bbdc 【甘肃省嘉峪关市一中模拟】dwhen a child is told he is uncool, it can be very painful. he may say he doesnt care, and even act in ways that are opposite of cool on purpose. but ultimately, these are simply ways to handle sadness by pretending its not there. helping a child feel better in school had to be careful. if you say, why are you worried about what other children think about you? it doesnt matter! children know that it does matter. instead, an active way may be best. you could say, im going to do a couple of things for you to help you feel better in school. if a boy is having trouble making friends, the teacher can help him. the teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to contribute to class projects. this is how the other children learn how to value his good qualities and to like him. a teacher can also raise a childs popularity in the group by showing that he values that child. it even helps to put him in a seat next to a very popular child, or let him be a partner with that child in activities, etc. there are things that parents can do at home, too. be friendly when your child brings others home to play. encourage him to invite friends to meals and then serve the dishes they consider super. when you plan trips, picnics, movies, and other shows, invite another child with whom your child wants to be friends. what you can do is to give him a chance to join a group that may be shutting him out. then, if he has good qualities, he can start to build real friendship of his own.67. a child who has been informed of being uncool may _. a. care nothing about it b. develop a sense of anger c. do something uncool purposely d. pretend to get hurt very much68. a teacher can help an unpopular child by _. a. seeing the child as the teachers favourite b. asking the child to do something for partners c. forcing other children to make friends with the child d. offering the child chances to show his good qualities69. how can parents help their child fit in better? a. by cooking delicious food for him. b. by being kind to his schoolmates. c. by forcing him to invite friends home. d. by taking him to have picnics in the park.70. which of the following is true? a. children doesnt care others comments on them. b. its only teachers work to make children popular. c. parents should take their children out for picnic and shows more often. d. inviting childrens friends to family activities is good for them to make friends.【参考答案】d篇 67-70 cdbd阅读理解pacing and pausing sara tried to befriend her old friend steves new wife, but betty never seemed to have anything to say. while sara felt betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation, betty complained to steve that sara never gave her a chance to talk. the problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing. conversation is a turn-taking game. when our habits are similar, theres no problem. but if our habits are different, you may start to talk before im finished or fail to take your turn when im finished. thats what was happening with betty and sara. it may not be coincidental that betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is british, and sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is american. betty often felt interrupted by sara. but betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from finland. and sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from latin america or israel. the general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. these habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping. and these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. for example, a woman from the southwestern part of the us went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. when the personnel department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in-and never found it. although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. when she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up. thats why slight differences in conversational style-tiny little things like microseconds of pause-can have a great effect on ones life. the result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems-even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.45. what did sara think of betty when talking with her? a. betty was talkative.b. betty was an interrupter.c. betty did not take her turn. d. betty paid no attention to sara.46. according to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns?a. americans. b. the british. c. israelis. d. the finns.47. we can learn from the passage that _.a. one should receive training to build up ones confidenceb. ones inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimesc. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the usd. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacing48. the underlined word assertiveness in the last paragraph probably means _a. being willing to speak ones mindb. being able to increase ones powerc. being ready to make ones own judgment d. being quick to express ones ideas confidently参考答案 ccbd 阅读理解 runners in a relay race pass a stick in one direction. however, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the silk road in more than one direction. they earned their living by traveling the famous silk road. the silk road was not a simple trading network. it passed through thousands of cities and towns. it started from eastern china, across central asia and the middle east, and ended in the mediterranean sea. it was used from about 200 b c to about 1300 a d., when sea travel offered new routes. it was sometimes called the worlds longest highway. however, the silk road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. they passed through what are now 18 countries. the routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. only experienced traders could return safe. the silk road got its name from its most prized product. silk could be used like money to pay taxes