高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题（11）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题（11）及答案阅读理解-c“opinion” is a word that is used carelessly today. it is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. this inaccurate use would probably cause little confusion if people didnt attach too much importance to opinion. unfortunately, most attach great importance to it. “i have as much right to my opinion as you to yours, and everyones entitled to his opinion, are common expressions. in fact, anyone who would challenge anothers opinion is likely to be branded intolerant.is that label accurate? is it intolerant to challenge anothers opinion? it depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. for example, you may ask a friend what do you think of the new ford cars?” and he may reply, “in my opinion, theyre ugly.” in this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. for its obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. and as the old saying goes, its pointless to argue about matters of taste.8. which of the following statements is true, according to the author?a. everyone has a right to hold his own opinion. b. free expression of opinions always leads to confusion.c. most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.d. casual use of the word “opinion” often brings about quarrels. 9. according to the author, who of the following would be labeled as intolerant?a. someone who turns a deaf ear to others opinions.b. someone who cant put up with others tastes.c. someone who values only their own opinions.d. someone whose opinion harms other people.10. the new ford cars are cited as an example to show that _.a. it is foolish to criticize a famous brand b. one should not always agree to others opinionsc. personal tastes are not something to be challengedd. it is unwise to express ones likes and dislikes in public11. considered judgment is different from personal preference in that _.a. it is stated by judges in the courtb. it reflects public like and dislikesc. it is a result of a lot of controversyd. it is based on careful thought 811、阅读理解-dthe fact that life isnt fair doesnt mean we shouldnt do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. to the contrary, it suggests that we should. when we dont recognize or admit that life isnt fair, we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves. pity, of course, is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone, except to make everyone feel worse than they already do. when we do recognize that life isnt fair, however, we feel compassion(热情) for others and for ourselves. and compassion is a heartfelt emotion that delivers loving-kindness to everyone it touches. the next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. you may be surprised that it can persuade you out of self-pity and into helpful action.12. the writer thought of his friends question as a good one because _.a. he also wanted to know who held such an opinionb. it made him recall something during his childhoodc. like his friend, he also thought life was unfaird. he learned something from the question as a youngster13. surrendering to the fact that life isnt fair will _.a. keep us from making everything perfectb. keep us from doing everything in our powerc. make us face unfair treatment bravelyd. make us know its our duty to perfect things14. the second paragraph of the passage mainly tells us that _.a. its nice to accept the injustice of lifeb. its nice to surrender to the lifec. we should not surrender to the lifed. we should not feel sorry for everything15. in the last paragraph, “this very basic fact” refers to the fact that _.a. you should not pity for othersb. life isnt and wont be fairc. compassion is heartfelt emotiond. pity is a self-defeating emotion1215、 阅读理解- ( b )australia-the vote for euthanasia(安乐死)was finally taken at 3:45 this morning. after six months argument and final 16 hours hot debates, australias northern territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. the bill was passed by the vote of 15 to 10. almost immediately word flashed on the internet and was picked up, half a world away, by john hofsess, the director of the right to die society of canada. he sent it on through the groups on-line service, death net. hofsess says, “we posted it all day long, because this isnt just something that happened in australia. its world history.” the full import may take a while to understand. the nt rights of the terminally iii law has left physicians and citizens trying to deal with its moral and practical meaning. some have breathed sighs of relief, but others, including churches, right to life groups and the australian medical association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste(匆忙,急忙) of its passage. but the tide is unlikely to turn back. in australia where an aging population, life extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part other states are going to consider making a similar law to for euthanasia. in the us and canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes(多米诺骨牌) to start falling. under the new northern territory law, an adult patient can request death probably by a deadly injection or pill to put an end to suffering. the patient must be diagnosed as incurably ill by two doctors. after a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. after 48 hours the wish for death can be met. for lloyd nickson, a 54 year old darwin man suffering from lung cancer, the law means he can get on with living without the fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “im not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what i was afraid of was how id go, because ive watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says. 45. according to the text ,which of the following statements is true? a. australia now is the only country in the world to pass the law of euthanasia.b. all people in australia dont have the same positive attitude to euthanasia. c. many patients will ask their doctors for euthanasia because they are afraid of death. d. according to the law, if a patient requests death, his or her wish will be met after 48 hours.46. the underlined sentence in para 2, “observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.” means that observers are waiting to see _.a. the result of the game of dominoes.b. that peoples attitude to euthanasia will be changed.c. that the bill about euthanasia in australia will come to an end.d. the similar bills will be passed in other countries.47. australia was the first country to pass the bill of euthanasia, but not usa or canada. which one is not the reason ?a. in australia, the technology of extending life is advanced.b. in australia, it is easy to deal with the moral and practical meaning.c. in australia, old people take up great part in the population of the whole country.d. australians gradually realize suffering from a terrible disease is worse than immediate death.48. it can be inferred from the text that _.a. when lloyd nickson dies, he will face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia.b. physicians and citizens in australia share the same view on euthanasia.c. other countries are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.d. under the bill, patients requesting death are sure to be injected by deadly medicine.49. whats the authors attitude to euthanasia?a. negative b. critical c. positive d. doubtful【参考答案】45、b 46-48 dba 阅读理解- (c ) a person named bernard jackson today is a free man, but he has many bitter memories. he spent five years in prison after a jury (陪审团)wrongly convicted (判处有罪) him of raping two women. at jacksons trial, although two witnesses testified that jackson was with them in another location at the time of the crime, he was convicted anyway. why? the jury believed the testimony(证词)of the two victims, who positively identified jackson as the man who had attacked them. the court eventually freed jackson after the police found the real criminal.many factors influence the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. for instance, witnesses sometimes see photographs of several suspects before they try to identify the person they saw in a group of people. they can become confused by seeing many photographs of similar faces. the number of people in the group, and whether it is a person or a photograph, may also affect a witnesss decision. people sometimes have difficulty identifying people of other races. the questions the police ask witnesses also have an effect on them.many people believe that police officers are more reliable than ordinary people. psychologists decided to test this idea, and they discovered that it is not true. two psychologists showed a film of crimes to both police officers and civilians. the psychologists found no difference between the police and the civilians in correctly remembering the details of the crimes.despite all the possibilities for inaccuracy, courts cannot omit eyewitness testimony from a trial. american courts depend almost completely on eyewitness testimony to resolve(决定)court cases. sometimes it is the only evidence to a crime, such as rape. furthermore, eyewitness testimony is often correct. although people do sometimes make mistakes, and convict innocent people, more importantly, eyewitness testimony has rightly convicted a larger number of guilty people.american courts depend on the ability of the twelve jurors, and not the judges, to determine the accuracy of the witnesss testimony. it is their responsibility to decide if a certain witness could actually see, hear and remember what happened.50. bernard jackson was found guilty and sentenced 5 years prison because_.a. the victims insisted that he was the attackerb. he admitted the crime of raping two womenc. the police discovered evidence leading to his guiltd. the eyewitness proved the victims testimony51. the following statements may be the reasons for why sometimes the eyewitness testimony is not accurate except _.a. the eyewitness is confused by the polices questionsb. the eyewitness is shown photos of many similar facesc. the eyewitness lacks the professional help from policed. the eyewitness cant identify people of other races clearly.52. an inaccurate eyewitness testimony may lead to_.a. the misunderstanding of the case b. the disbelief in the courtc. the disrespect for the eyewitness d. the conviction of an innocent person53. eyewitness testimony is important because _. a. it can be relied on to detect criminals in all cases. b. it is sometimes the only way to resolve court cases. c. it is sometimes the only clue for police investigation. d. it is more reliable than physical evidences to a crime.54. according to the text, we can infer that _.a. eyewitness testimony is valuable, though sometimes incorrect.b. police identification is more reliable than that of the ordinary peoplec. crime victims often fail to give positive identification of the suspectsd. the jury relies on the judge than the eyewitness for a decision【参考答案】49、ca 51-54 cdba 阅读理解-c“who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much”- francis bacon （1561-1626）it seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understandingto start with, you need questionsthen, to find answers, you observe the world around you and study the factsafter that you consider possible answers and test each to find the right onesalthough today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the internet to spit the answer out for us, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the worlds problems with this type of analysis- luckily for ushowever, in the 17th century when francis bacon suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was going against the views of the dayat that time, people believed more in religion than in facts, and people like galileo galilei, who proved scientific ideas such as “ the earth is not the centre of the universe”, were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defencethe church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge that they had always comfortably believedthey preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of othersin fact, when galilei proved that the earth was not the centre of the universe, instead of believing him, people chose to believe ancient views put forward by the great philosopher aristotle （384-322bc）this also shows how people didnt want to search for their own understanding or educate themselvesand this is still often true todaypeople feel that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be sobut even though aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at timesand galilei too made mistakeshe is now known as the father of astronomy but he believed that the earth moved round the sun in a perfect circlehe was wrongtherefore our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changingin other words, we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say “we know it all”we need to thank the great men of the past for the wisdom to know that we dont know it all and probably never will, for that would mean a world without questionsso much of our knowledge and understanding of the world today is due to people like bacon and galilei, who were brave enough to step out from the shadows of old thoughts in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that todays civilization is built uponthese men knew that knowledge and understanding are things