高考英语阅读理解基础训练题（109）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础训练题（109）及答案阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(八)】amany people may be surprised by the number of chemicals that they are exposed to through everyday household products.in a study 25 women had their homes and bodies tested for 89 environmental pollutantsincluding pesticides (杀虫剂) and chemicals found in plastics and cleaning products.on average 20 chemicals were found on their bodies or in their homes.much is unknown about the possible health effects of chemicals in everyday household products.but certain chemicalslike phthalates (邻苯二甲酸盐) found in plasticshave been linked to potential health risks，including higher risks of certain cancers，though the evidence mainly comes from research on lab animals.other household chemicals are known to harm the skin，eyes and airwaysand may worsen asthma (哮喘)many more chemicals found remain untested.chemicals likely come from a range of sources，so it is not always clear how to reduce peoples exposure，according to dr.rebecca altman，the lead researcher on the new study.“however，” she said，“there are still measures people can take.”in the original study，she noted，women were given advice based on the particular chemicals they were exposed tosuch as using fragrancefree washing liquid and personalcare products.for the current study，altman and her colleagues interviewed two dozen women whod taken part in the previous study to see how they would react to information about their household chemical exposures.they found that the women were generally surprised at the range of chemicals found in their homes and bodies.they were also surprised that even some banned things were found.with many questions about the health effects of household chemicals unanswered，some experts worry that giving people information about their everyday exposures will cause unnecessary fear.however，the researchers found that the women in their study were typically not alarmed，and instead wanted “more rather than less” information on the issue.26which of the following statements about chemicals in household products is true?asome of them have bad effects on health，while some have good effects.blongterm exposure to them is certain to cause a deadly illness.cin the study it was found that certain chemicals can cause cancers.dit is uncertain what effects some chemicals have on health.27the underlined word “airways” in paragraph 3 most probably refers to _.athe passage running from your nose and throat to the lungsbthings that look like fine threads growing in the bodycthe passage between rows of rooms in a buildingdthe area just inside the front door of a building28why is it not clear how to reduce exposure to chemicals?abecause all everyday products contain chemicals.bbecause much is unknown about the sources.cbecause chemicals come from a variety of sources.dbecause measures have not been tested for their effects.29according to dr.rebecca altman，_.awomen were more likely to be harmed by chemicalsbfragrant products may contain harmful chemicalscit is unnecessary to inform people about the study resultsdfurther study on everyday products should be done immediately30what was the womens attitude towards the study results?athey were angry that so many chemicals were found.bthey refused to be subjects for the study any more.cthey were afraid of getting bad news about their health.dthey would like to know more related information.26d细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知答案为d。27a词义猜测题。airways与skin，eyes同是身体部位，因此排除c、d两项；根据后面的“may worsen asthma”，再根据构词法知识(air与way合成airway)可知a是正确答案。28c细节理解题。根据第四段“chemicals likely come from a range of sources，so it is not always clear how to.”可知答案为c。29b推理判断题。根据第五段的“such as using fragrancefree washing liquid (比如使用无香的洗涤液)”，可以推出带有芳香剂的日常用品可能含有有害的化学物质。30d细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“wantedmore rather than lessinformation on the issue”可知，她们希望知道更多相关的信息。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。aharvard university named historian drew gilpin faust as its first female president on sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor（接任者）to lawrence summers .the seven-member harvard corporation elected faust, a noted scholar on history of the american south and dean of harvards radcliffe institute for advanced study, as the universitys 28th president.“this is a great day, and a historic day for harvard,” james r. houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. “drew faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated（献身的) teacher, and a wonderful human being.”her selection is noteworthy given the heated debates over summers comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.faust has been dean of radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former womens college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues(性别问题).some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. no scientist has had the top job since james bryant conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, law, literature and economics.1,3,5faust is the first harvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since charles chauncy, a graduate of cambridge university, who died in office in 1762. she attended the university of pennsylvania. “teaching staff turned to her constantly,” said sheldon hackney, a former president of the university of pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with faust. “shes very clear. she has a sense of humor, but shes very strong-minded. you come to trust in her because shes so solid.” 1. which might be the best title for the passage? a. harvard named its 1st female president. b. history of harvard university changed. c. debates on female equality ended. d. drew gilpin faust, a famous woman historian. 2. which is not true about drew gilpin faust?a. she is the 28th president of harvard university.b. she is a famous scholar from the american south.c. she isnt a graduate from harvard university.d. she was head of radcliffe institute for advanced study.3. lawrence summers held the view that .a. women cannot achieve as much as men in management b. women cannot hold important positions in society c. women can match men in science jobs d. few women make top scientists owing to genes 4. the underlined word “groused” in the 6th paragraph means . a. approved b. commented c. complained d. indicated 5. this passage probably appears in a .a. biography b. personal letter c. research paper d. newspaper report 【参考答案】15、abdcd b when andrea peterson landed her first teaching job, she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies in a climate where standards-based learning was the focus and music just provided a break for students and teachers. for her drive and creativity in overcoming those challenges, shes been named national teacher of the year. principal waynes kettler said hes worked with many outstanding teachers in his 22 years as an educator, but peterson is “just that one step above anybody ive ever worked with before.” kettler and others at monte cristo elementary school talk about the ways she has introduced the learning from other classrooms into her music program and her creativity in working around things such as the lack of money for new music. when students were reading s.e. hintons novel the outsiders in their regular classroom, peterson helped them write a 30-minute play with scenes from the book. then they chose three broadway tunes that focused on race, equality and social justice, the themes of the book. peterson composed two other songs herself after classroom discussions about the play and the book. the honor means a lot to residents of granite foils. its inspiring to know that people from small towns even win national honors. as national teacher of the year, peterson will spend the more years outside the classroom, as a national and international spokeswoman for education. she said its essential for schools to offer classes such as art or music and physical education because for some kids one of those subjects is the only thing that attracts them to come back to school day after day. 6. the underlined word” daunting” in paragraph 1 most probably means _. adiscouraging binteresting ccreative dunbearable 7when peterson began her teaching career, _. amusic was a focus of learning in most schools bthe environment was favorable to music teaching cthe school lacked teaching facilities for music dsupport for music programs was unavailable 8what is the most important reason that peterson won the award? ashe concerned herself with current social problems. bshe motivated students to learn music with her creativity. cshe has taught music at the elementary school for 22 years. dshe made great efforts to amuse students interest in literature. 9which of the following is an example of petersons way of teaching music? ashe wrote plays on themes of race, equality and social justice. bshe made use of the contents of other classes in her teaching. cshe organized classroom discussions of broadway tunes. dshe helped students compose songs by themselves. 10in petersons opinion, _. aart、 music and pe classes are all important bmore subjects should be offered to students cstudents should be motivated to attend art classes darts education is more important than other subjects【参考答案】610、acbba 【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(八)】bpenguins live together，but each pair has a little piece of ground of their own.when a penguin wants to walk through its neighbors ground，it must ask permission.if it does not do that，it will have to fight.most of the time，penguins live on the water.they eat shell fish and look after their children carefully.all penguins are good parentsthe male penguins are perhaps the best parents in the world.they walk in the sea in the middle of the dark antarctic water.they choose their wives in the dark.they can only hear themnot see them.then the female penguins lay their eggs and go away for about two months.the males take care of the eggs.if the eggs get cold，there will be no chicks.there is no food.the snow falls heavily and the wind blows stronglysometimes at 150 kilometers an hour.the penguins do not move.when the females return from the sea，they will not remember their husbands.it does not matter.only one thing mattersthe eggs.male penguins never fightunless a penguin leaves a chick for a minute.they then fight because they all want it.they are strange and wonderful birds.31it seems interesting and unusual that the male penguins choose their wives _.awhen the female penguins return from the seabjust by hearing in the darknessceach time they see the lovely femalesdafter they have had their own grounds32male penguins fight when _.athey choose their wivesbthey see a chick left alonecthey want to get something to eatdthey walk through their neighbors ground33from the passag