高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（57）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（57）及答案阅读理解theres an energy crisis in america, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. millions of us get up each morning already weary over the day holds. “i just cant get started.” people say. but its not physical energy that most of us lack. sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. but in truth, people are healthier today than at any time in history. i can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body.what youre seeking is not physical energy. its emotional energy. yet, sad to say life sometimes seems designed to exhaust our supply. we work too hard. we have family obligations (义务). we encounter (遭遇) emergencies and personal crises. no wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue (疲劳), a kind of utter exhaustion of the spirit.and yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. even as a child i observed people who were poor or disabled or ill, but who nevertheless faced life with optimism and vigor (活力). consider laura hillenbrand, who despite an extremely weak body wrote the best-seller seabiscuit. hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of bed to write. but she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. it was emotional energy that helped her succeed. unlike physical energy, which is finite (有限的) and diminishes (减少) with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. so how do you get it? you cant simply tell yourself to be positive. you must take action. here are six practical strategies that work.1. do something new.very little thats new occurs in our lives. the impact of this sameness on our emotional energy is gradual, but huge: its like a tire(轮胎) with a slow leak（漏）. you dont notice it at first, but eventually youll get a flat. its up to you to plug the leakeven though there are always a dozen reasons to stay stuck in your dull routines of life. thats where maura, 36, a waitress, found herself a year ago. fortunately, maura had a lifelinea group of women friends who meet regularly to discuss their lives. their lively discussions spurred maura to make small but nevertheless life altering changes. she joined a gym in the next town. she changed her look with ashort haircut and new black t-shirts. eventually, maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business. heres a challenge: if its something you wouldnt ordinarily do, do it. try a dish youve never eaten. listen to music youd ordinarily tune out. youll discover these small things add to your emotional energy.2. reclaim lifes meaning.so many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, but that somewhere along the line things went stale (厌倦的). the first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. a case in point is ivy, 57, a pioneer in investment banking. “i mistakenly believed that all the money i made would mean something.” she says. “but i feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life.” ivys solution? she started a program that shows wall streeters how to donate time and money to poor children. in the process, ivy filled her life with meaning.3. put yourself in the fun zone.most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived（缺乏的）. high-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. a real estate broker i know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients（客户）. “i love imagining what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care,” she says. “its a challengeand the least desirable properties are usually the most fun.” we all define fun differently, of course, but i can guarantee this: if you put just a bit of it into your day, you energy will increase quickly4. bid farewell （告别）to guilt and regret.everyones past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. but from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from moving forward. while they cant merely be willed away, i do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened in the past, nothing can change that. holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present.5. make up your mindsay youve been thinking about cutting your hair short. will it look stylishor too extreme? you endlessly think it over. having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. every time you cant decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and dont look back.6. give to get.emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. this is the difference between emotional and physical energy with the latter. you have to get it to be able to give it. with the former, however, you get it by giving it. start by asking everyone you meet, “how are you?” as if you really want to know, and then listen to the reply. be the one who hears. most of us also need to smile more often. if you dont smile at the person you love first thing in the morning, youre sucking energy out of your relationship. finally, help another personand make the help real, concrete. give a massage to someone you love, or cook her dinner, then, expand the circle to work. try asking yourself what youd do if your goal were to be helpful rather than efficient. after all, if its true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure that whats circulating around you is the good stuff?16. laura hillenbrand is an example quoted to show how _ in life.a. physical energy can contribute to ones unsuccessb. emotional energy can contribute to ones successc. physical energy can contribute to ones successd. emotional energy can contribute to ones unsuccess17. the author believes emotional energy is _.a. inherited and genetically determined b. related to inherited and genesc. not inherited and genetically determined d. related to inherited and upbringing18. even small changes people make in their lives _ their emotional energy.a. cannot help control b. cannot help increase c. can help control d. can help increase 19. ivy filled her life with meaning by launching a program to _. a. help herself b. teach herself c. teach poor children d. help poor children20. the real-estate broker the author knows enjoyed _.a. redecorating the houses b. mentally redecorating the housesc. the same day-to-day work d. defining fun differently参考答案 bcddb(2011江苏卷，c)according to the us government, wind farms off the pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year.unfortunately，the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom. an experiment under way off the coast of norway，however，could help put them anywhere.the project, called hywind，is the worlds first largescale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机)although it uses a fairly standard 152ton,2.3megawatt turbine，hywind represents totally new technology. the turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture)，a technology hywinds creator，the norwegian company statoilhydro，has developed recently. the steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables(缆索)；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves.hywinds stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. if all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern norway as early as september.to produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than hywind does, but its difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. to make that turbine heavier, the whole spars centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the oceans surface. to do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades(see picture)hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating windfarm technology could be extremely large. out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing off shore windmills are planted. deepsea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmillaseyesore objection. if the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planets surface to one of the best lowcarbon power sources available.本文为科普短文，讲述世界上第一个深海风力发电机涡轮发电机以及它的发电原理及好处。9the hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of_.a. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floorb. the spar which is floating in deepsea waterc. the blades driven by strong and steady sea windd. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface答案：b。细节理解题。由文章第二段特别是“these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves”可知b项正确。10to balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting_.a. on the sea floor b. on the spar topc. at sea level d. behind the blades答案：c。细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句“.one whose gearbox sits at sea level rather than behind the blades.”可知c项正确。11wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can_.a. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmillsb. make financial profits by producing more turbinesc. settle the arguments about environmental problemsd. explore lowcarbon power resources available at sea答案：d。细节理解题。由文章最后一句“.it will open up vast areas of the planets surface to one of the best lowcarbon power sources available.”可知d项正确。d(2011天津卷，c)an idea that started in seattles public library has spread throughout america and beyond.the concept is simple：help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.in addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all，the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus，as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools.the idea came from seattle librarian nancy pearl who launched(发起)the“if all of seattle read the same book”project in 1998.her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other american cities，and even to hong kong.in chicago，the mayor (市长) appeared on television to announce the choice of to kill a mockingbird as the first book in the “one book，one chicago”program.as a result，reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city.across the us, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.the only problem arose in new york，where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population.this may show that the idea works best in mediumsized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity (一致) can be achieved.or it may show that new yorkers rather missed the point，putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than into discussion about a book itself.ultimately，as nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book，but by how many people are enriched by the process，or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared_a_word.西雅图的一名图书管理员建议大家在同一时间阅读同一本书，并允许陌生人在公共场所对这本书进行讨论，这样做既可以促进陌生人之间的交流，又能培养公众的社区意识。然而，在像纽约等一些大城市，由于人口背景复杂，很难选出一本具有代表性的书，或许这一想法在一些中等城市更容易实施。12what is the purpose of the project launched by nancy?ato invite authors to guide readers.bto encourage people to read and share.cto involve people in community service.dto promote the friendship between cities.答案：b。细节理解题。由第二段“her original program used author visits，study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book”可以推知正确答案。13why was it difficult for new yorkers to carry out the project?athey had little interest in reading.bthey were too busy to read a book.cthey came from many different backgrounds.dthey lacked support from the local government.答案：c。细节理解题。由第四段第一句话可知，纽约城市大，人口众多且文化背景多样化，因此人们很难选出一本有代表性的书。14according to the passage，where would the project be more easily carried out?ain large communities with little sense of unity.bin large cities where libraries are far from home.cin mediumsized cities with a diverse population.din large towns where agreement can be quickly reached.答案：d。细节理解题。由第四段第二句话可知，这一想法在中等城市或大的城镇较容易实施，因为在那儿人们很容易达成一致。c项为人口多样化的中等城市，与句意不符。15the underlined words“shared a word”in paragraph 5 probably mean_.aexchanged ideas with each otherbdiscussed the meaning of a wordcgained life experiencedused the same language答案：a。词义猜测题。由第二段内容可知，该活动的目的就是让陌生人通过讨论这本书而达到交流的目的，故a项正确。16according to nancy，the degree of success of the project is judged by_.athe careful selection of a proper bookbthe growing popularity of the writerscthe number of people who benefit from readingdthe number of books that each person reads答案：c。细节理解题。根据最后一段“.the level of success is not measured by how many peope read the book，but by how many people are enriched by the process.”可知c项正确。today, theres hardly an aspect of our life that isnt being upended by the tons of information available on the hundreds of millions of sites crowding the internet, not to mention its ability to keep us in constant touch with each other via / through electronic mail“if the automobile and aerospace technology had exploded at the same pace as computer and information technology,” says microsoft, “a new car would cost about $ 2 and go 600 miles on a small quantity of gasand you could buy a boeing 747 for the cost of a pizza”probably the biggest payoff, however, is the billions of dollars the internet is saving companies in producing goods and serving for the needs of their customersnothing like it has been seen since the beginning of the industrial revolution, when power-driven machines began producing more in a day than men could turn out in nearly a year“we view the growth of the internet and e-commerce as a global trend,” says merrill lynch, “along the lines of printing press, the telephone, the computer, and electricity”you would be hard pressed to name something that isnt available on the internetconsider: books, health care, movie tickets, construction materials, baby clothes, stocks, cattle feed, music, electronics, antiques, tools, real estate, toys, autographs of famous people, wine and airline ticketsand even after youve moved on to your final resting place, theres no reason those you love cant keep in toucha company called finalthoughtscom offers a place for you to store “afterlife e-mails” you can send to heaven with the help of a “guardian angel”kids today are so computer literate that it in fact ensures the united states will remain the unchallenged leader in cyberspace for the foreseeable （能预测的） futurenearly all children in families with incomes of more than $75,000 a year have home computers, according to a study by the david and lucile packard foundationyoungsters from ages 2 to 17 at all income levels have computers, with 52% of those connected to the internetmost kids use computers to play games （some for 30 hours or more a week）, and many teenage girls think nothing of rushing home from school to have e-mail chats with friends they have just leftwhats clear is that, whether we like it or not, the internet is an ever growing part of our lives and there is no turning back“the internet is just 20% invented,” says cyber pioneer jake winebaum“the last 80% is happening now”10what can we learn from the microsofts remark? atodays cars and airplanes are extremely overpriced binformation technology is developing at an amazing speed cinformation technology has reached the point where improvement is difficult dtheres more competition in information technology industry than in car industry11according to the author, the biggest benefit of the internet is that_ ait saves companies huge amounts of money bit speeds up profit making cit brings people incredible convenience dit provides easy access to information 12the author gives the example of finalthoughtscom to make the point that_ athere are some genius ideas on the internet balmost anything is available on the internet cpeople can find good bargains on the internet dsome websites provide novel services to increase hits13what can we learn from the fourth paragraph? athere is a link between income and computer ownership bmany american children dont put computers to good use cstudies show that boys are more computer literate than girls dthe uswill stay ahead in the information technology in years14which sentence has the phrase that possesses the same meaning as the one underlined in the fifth paragraph? asome can tell you that he has changed their lives, while others think nothing of himbthink nothing of itit was my pleasureche thinks nothing of staying up all night in the caf bardhe thinks nothing of the pain in his back f