高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题（71）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础精品练习题（71）及答案阅读理解dna(deoxyribonucleic acid)is one of the most important discoveries in science. dna is the plan for the human being, as a blueprint is the plan for a building. dna makes a person look the way he does. a persons dna comes from a mixing of his parents dna. thats why a child looks like his parents. but, besides controlling things such as height and hair color, dna can also give people diseases. scientists are now studying dna to cure diseases.in the seventies, scientists developed a process called recombinant (重新组合) or rdna. although it sounds difficult to understand, rdna simply means taking dna from one animal or plant and putting it into another. by doing so, scientists can create new beings. in so doing, scientists can better understand dna, especially what parts of dna do what. after they understand dna, scientists can begin to cure diseases. often, the new being created will itself be the cure.besides curing diseases, rdna research can also do other things. for example, scientists in japan have already created “supertrees”. trees help humans, because they take co2, which poisons humans, from the air and turn it into oxygen, which lets humans breathe. “supertrees” do this too, but do it much faster. as things such as cars and factories have already put much co2 in the area, “supertrees” are badly needed.unfortunately, there is a serious danger in rdna research. scientists want to create animals to cure old diseases, but these new animals may also create new diseases. it will be a serious problem if the animals escape from the science laboratory and into nature. as these animals are not natural, they may let_loose many new powerful diseases.as a result, rdna research will create many solutions(解决方案), but it will also create many problems.5from the passage, we can know that a boy looks like his parents because _.a. he is son of his parentsb. his parents dna decides his appearancec. he has received dna from his father or his motherd. scientists have put some of his parents dna into him6what does the underlined expression “let loose” probably mean?a. let.go free b. get rid ofc. absorb d. survive7what is the best title for the passage?a. the dan research in japan.b. a new way of dna research in japan.c. the causes and effects of dna research.d. the advantages and disadvantages of rdna.8the following statements are true about rdna research except _.a. the research has been stopped because the created animals carry virusesb. “supertrees” might be widely planted around the worldc. scientists have not completely understood dnad. rdna research will benefit human beings a lot答案说起dna，大家都知道它指的是遗传基因，可你知道什么是rdna吗？本文将带你去探索这个神秘的微观世界。5b。细节理解题。根据第一段第四句和第五句可知孩子之所以看起来像父母是由于父母的dna决定了他的相貌。父母不是把他们的dna以外在形式传递给孩子，因而d项错误。6a。词义猜测题。本段前面提到这种被科学家们创造出来的动物可能会产生新的疾病，所以如果它们从实验室中逃脱，可能会“传播”很多新的可怕的疾病。后三项分别表示“除掉”“吸收”“幸存”，都不符合语境。7d。主旨大意题。文章从第二段开始叙述的都是rdna的优点和缺点，因此本部分内容是文章的中心。8a。细节理解题。此项在文章中没有信息支持。由于“supertrees”能比普通的树更快地吸收二氧化碳，所以能在全世界种植；根据第一段最后一句可知科学家还没有完全理解dna；根据第二段后半部分和第三段前半部分可知d项本身没有错误。阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。aalmost anyone who has read a travel brochure about africa has heard of elephants getting drunk from the fruit of the marula tree. it is said that elephants can get drunk by eating the fermented (发酵) fruit rotting on the ground. books have even been written to prove the truth of the phenomenon. but a study published in the journal physiological and biochemical zoology tells a very different story. steve morris, a biologist at the university of bristol in england and an author of the study, says there is nothing in the biology of either the african elephant or the marula fruit to support the stories. morris says, “ people just want to believe in drunken elephants.”the marula tree, a member of the same family as the mango, grows widely in africa. its sweet, yellow fruit is used for making jam, wine and beer. “the first mistake of the drunken-elephant theory is that its unlikely that an elephant would eat the fruit if it were rotten, ” morris says. “elephants eat the fruit right off the tree, not when its rotten on the ground, ” he explains. other experts add that if an elephant were to eat the fruit on the ground, it wouldnt wait for the fruit to ferment. michelle gadd, an african wildlife specialist, says that elephants and many other animals, including birds and monkeys, are too fond of marula fruit to let it rot. if fermented fruit on the ground is out of the question, so is the notion that the fruit could ferment in the stomach of elephants, according to the study authors. food takes between 12 and 46 hours to pass through an elephants digestive system, the authors point out, which is not enough for the fruit to ferment. supposing that this happened, its still highly improbable that the food would produce enough alcohol to make an elephant drunk. through calculations of body weight, elephant digestion rates, and other factors, the authors conclude that it would take about 1.9 litres of ethanol(乙醇) to make an elephant drunk.56. we can learn from the passage that _. a. it is not easy to find marula fruit in the wild in africa b. african elephants dont like to eat marula fruit at all c. marula fruit can be made into food or drink consumed by people d. birds and monkeys in africa like to eat rotten marula fruit 57. according to paragraph 6, marula fruit is likely to ferment _. a. in about 12 hours b. in about 34 hours c. between 12 and 46 hours d. in more than 46 hours 58. according to mr. morris, which of the following is true? a. elephants just eat the fruit right off the tree. b. elephants will not eat the fruit which is rotten. c. the marula tree and the mango belong to different families.d. there are several connections between elephants and the marula fruit.59 . what does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph probably refer to ? a. elephants getting drunk. b. marula fruit fermenting in elephants stomachs. c. elephants eating rotten marula fruit. d. elephants eating marula trees directly. 57.【答案】d【解析】根据本段中“food takes between 12 and 46 hours to pass through an elephants digestive system, the authors point out, which is not enough for the fruit to ferment. ”可知答案。【考点定位】考查推理判断能力。58.【答案】b【解析】根据第四段中“the first mistake of the drunken-elephant theory is that its unlikely that an elephant would eat the fruit if it were rotten, ” morris says. “elephants eat the fruit right off the tree, not when its rotten on the ground”一句可知。【考点定位】考查细节理解。59.【答案】b【解析】“supposing that this happened, its still highly improbable that the food would produce enough alcohol to make an elephant drunk.”这句话的意思是假设这种果实在大象体内能发酵，那它产生的乙醇也不足以使大象醉倒。【考点定位】考查推理判断能力。 阅读理解two hours from the tall buildings of manhattan and philadelphia live some of the worlds largest black bears. they are in northern pennsylvanias pocono mountains, a home they share with an abundance of other wildlife.the streams, lakes, meadows (草地), mountain ridges and forests that make the poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats are endangered by highway construction. to protect the poconos natural beauty from irresponsible development, the nature conservancy (大自然保护协会) named the area one of americas “last great places”.operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of long pond, pennsylvania, the conservancys bud cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. by developing partnerships with people like francis altemose, the conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.altemoses family has farmed in the pocono area for generations. two years ago francis worked with the conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. as a result, his familys land can be protected from development and the altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.cook owes the conservancys success in the poconos to having a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents.“the key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,” cook said. “the people who live there respect the land. they value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. they are eager to help with conservation effort.for more information on how you can help the nature conservancy protect the poconos and the worlds other “last great places,” please call 1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the world wide web at .53.the purpose in naming the poconos as one of americas “last great places” is to _.a. gain support from the local community b. protect it from irresponsible developmentc. make it a better home for black bearsd. provide financial security for future generations（b）54.we learn from the passage that _.a. the population in the pocono area is growingb. wildlife in the pocono area is dying out rapidlyc. the security of the pocono residents is being threatenedd. farmlands in the pocono area are shrinking fast（a）55.what is important in protecting the poconos according to cook?a. the setting up of an environmental protection websiteb. support from organizations like the nature conservancyc. cooperation with the local residents and business leadersd. inclusion of farmlands in the regions protection program56.the passage most probably is _.a. an official document b. a news story c. an advertisement d. a research report every fall, like clockwork, linda krentz of beaverton, oregon, felt her brain go on strike. “i just couldnt get going in the morning,” she says. “id get depressed and gain 10 pounds every winter and lose them again in the spring.” then she read about seasonal affective disorder, a form of depression that occurs in fall and winter, and she saw the light literally. every morning now she turns on a specially constructed light box for half an hour and sits in front of it to trick her brain into thinking its still enjoying those long summer days. it seems to work.krentz is not alone. scientists estimate that 10 million americans suffer from seasonal depression and 25 million more develop milder versions. but theres never been definitive proof that treatment with very bright lights makes a difference. after all, its hard to do a double-blind test when the subjects can see for themselves whether or not the light is on. thats why nobody has ever separated the real effects of light therapy from placebo(安慰剂) effects.until now, in three separate studies published last month, researchers report not only that light therapy works better than a placebo but that treatment is usually more effective in the early morning than in the evening. in two of the groups, the placebo problem was resolved by telling patients they were comparing light boxes to a new anti-depressant device that gives off negatively charged ions(离子). the third used the timing of light therapy as the control.why does light therapy work? no one really knows. “our research suggests it has something to do with shifting the bodys internal clock,” says psychiatrist dr. lewey. the body is programmed to start the day with sunrise, he explains, and this gets later as the days get shorter. but why such subtle shifts make some people depressed and not others is a mystery.that hasnt stopped thousands of winter depressives from trying to heal themselves. light boxes for that purpose are available without a doctors prescription. that bothers psychologist michael terman of columbia university. he is worried that the boxes may be tried by patients who suffer from mental illness that cant be treated with light. terman has developed a questionnaire to help determine whether expert care is needed.in any event, you should choose a reputable manufacturer. whatever product you use should give off only visible light, because ultraviolet light damages the eyes. if you are photosensitive(对光敏感的), you may develop a rash. otherwise, the main drawback is having to sit in front of the light for 30 to 60 minutes in the morning. thats an inconvenience many winter depressives can live with.57. what is the probable cause of krentzs problem?a. an unexpected gain in body weight.b. unexplained impairment of her nervous system.c. weakening of her eyesight with the setting in of winter.d. poor adjustment of her body clock to seasonal changes.58. what is the current view concerning the treatment of seasonal depression with bright lights?a. its effect remains to be seen. b. it serves as a kind of placebo.c. it proves to be an effective therapy. d. it hardly produces any effects.59. what is psychologist michael termans major concern?a. winter depressives will be addicted to using light boxes.b. no mental patients would bother to consult psychiatrists.c. bad light boxes will give off harmful ultraviolet lights.d. light therapy could be misused by certain mental patients.60. which of the following statements is true?a. winter depressives prefer light therapy in spite of its inconvenience.b. light therapy increases the patients photosensitivity.c. eye damage is a side effect of light therapy.d. light boxes can be programmed to correspond to shifts in the body clock.参考答案froli cat dartwhile cats require less attention compared to dogs, that doesnt mean you can just leave them at home all day long. no sir, they too, need some level of attention and will have to keep themselves occupied mentally and physically too. well, frolicat dart makes it possible. just what is the frolicat dart all about? well, for starters, this device delivers 360 rotation (旋转) that will project laser patterns on the floor, letting your feline (猫科动物) friend chase after it. portable usb power supplywith modern gadgets, running out of juice happens to some of us more often, simply because todays devices seem to suck up more juice than before. thats why the portable usb power supply comes in handy, being a best emergency charger for cell phones and other devices. capable of holding a charge for up to three months when in standby，it will ship with adapter tips that cater for a certain variety of cell phone brands.battery powered glovesfor those living in the northern