高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（72）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（72）及答案阅读理解theres an energy crisis in america, and it has nothing to do with fossil fuels. millions of us get up each morning already weary over the day holds. “i just cant get started.” people say. but its not physical energy that most of us lack. sure, we could all use extra sleep and a better diet. but in truth, people are healthier today than at any time in history. i can almost guarantee that if you long for more energy, the problem is not with your body.what youre seeking is not physical energy. its emotional energy. yet, sad to say life sometimes seems designed to exhaust our supply. we work too hard. we have family obligations (义务). we encounter (遭遇) emergencies and personal crises. no wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue (疲劳), a kind of utter exhaustion of the spirit.and yet we all know people who are filled with joy, despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives. even as a child i observed people who were poor or disabled or ill, but who nevertheless faced life with optimism and vigor (活力). consider laura hillenbrand, who despite an extremely weak body wrote the best-seller seabiscuit. hillenbrand barely had enough physical energy to drag herself out of bed to write. but she was fueled by having a story she wanted to share. it was emotional energy that helped her succeed. unlike physical energy, which is finite (有限的) and diminishes (减少) with age, emotional energy is unlimited and has nothing to do with genes or upbringing. so how do you get it? you cant simply tell yourself to be positive. you must take action. here are six practical strategies that work.1. do something new.very little thats new occurs in our lives. the impact of this sameness on our emotional energy is gradual, but huge: its like a tire(轮胎) with a slow leak（漏）. you dont notice it at first, but eventually youll get a flat. its up to you to plug the leakeven though there are always a dozen reasons to stay stuck in your dull routines of life. thats where maura, 36, a waitress, found herself a year ago. fortunately, maura had a lifelinea group of women friends who meet regularly to discuss their lives. their lively discussions spurred maura to make small but nevertheless life altering changes. she joined a gym in the next town. she changed her look with ashort haircut and new black t-shirts. eventually, maura gathered the courage to quit her job and start her own business. heres a challenge: if its something you wouldnt ordinarily do, do it. try a dish youve never eaten. listen to music youd ordinarily tune out. youll discover these small things add to your emotional energy.2. reclaim lifes meaning.so many of my patients tell me that their lives used to have meaning, but that somewhere along the line things went stale (厌倦的). the first step in solving this meaning shortage is to figure out what you really care about, and then do something about it. a case in point is ivy, 57, a pioneer in investment banking. “i mistakenly believed that all the money i made would mean something.” she says. “but i feel lost, like a 22-year-old wondering what to do with her life.” ivys solution? she started a program that shows wall streeters how to donate time and money to poor children. in the process, ivy filled her life with meaning.3. put yourself in the fun zone.most of us grown-ups are seriously fun-deprived（缺乏的）. high-energy people have the same day-to-day work as the rest of us, but they manage to find something enjoyable in every situation. a real estate broker i know keeps herself amused on the job by mentally redecorating the houses she shows to clients（客户）. “i love imagining what even the most run-down house could look like with a little tender loving care,” she says. “its a challengeand the least desirable properties are usually the most fun.” we all define fun differently, of course, but i can guarantee this: if you put just a bit of it into your day, you energy will increase quickly4. bid farewell （告别）to guilt and regret.everyones past is filled with regrets that still cause pain. but from an emotional energy point of view, they are dead weights that keep us from moving forward. while they cant merely be willed away, i do recommend you remind yourself that whatever happened in the past, nothing can change that. holding on to the memory only allows the damage to continue into the present.5. make up your mindsay youve been thinking about cutting your hair short. will it look stylishor too extreme? you endlessly think it over. having the decision hanging over your head is a huge energy drain. every time you cant decide, you burden yourself with alternatives. quit thinking that you have to make the right decision; instead, make a choice and dont look back.6. give to get.emotional energy has a kind of magical quality: the more you give, the more you get back. this is the difference between emotional and physical energy with the latter. you have to get it to be able to give it. with the former, however, you get it by giving it. start by asking everyone you meet, “how are you?” as if you really want to know, and then listen to the reply. be the one who hears. most of us also need to smile more often. if you dont smile at the person you love first thing in the morning, youre sucking energy out of your relationship. finally, help another personand make the help real, concrete. give a massage to someone you love, or cook her dinner, then, expand the circle to work. try asking yourself what youd do if your goal were to be helpful rather than efficient. after all, if its true that what goes around comes around, why not make sure that whats circulating around you is the good stuff?16. laura hillenbrand is an example quoted to show how _ in life.a. physical energy can contribute to ones unsuccessb. emotional energy can contribute to ones successc. physical energy can contribute to ones successd. emotional energy can contribute to ones unsuccess17. the author believes emotional energy is _.a. inherited and genetically determined b. related to inherited and genesc. not inherited and genetically determined d. related to inherited and upbringing18. even small changes people make in their lives _ their emotional energy.a. cannot help control b. cannot help increase c. can help control d. can help increase 19. ivy filled her life with meaning by launching a program to _. a. help herself b. teach herself c. teach poor children d. help poor children20. the real-estate broker the author knows enjoyed _.a. redecorating the houses b. mentally redecorating the housesc. the same day-to-day work d. defining fun differently参考答案 bcddb(2012四川眉山一诊)cheating is nothing new.but today, educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent and are less likely to be punished than in the past .cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.why is student cheating on the rise? no one really knows .some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among todays youth.others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that todays youth are far more pragmatic(实用主义的) than their more idealistic predecessors(前辈)while in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about changing the world, todays students feel great pressure to conform(随大流) and succeed.in interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy.some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect; others looked at it as a game.only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty.“people are competitive.” said a secondyear college student named anna, from chicago.theres an underlying fear .if you dont do well, your life is going to be ruined .the pressure is not only from parents and friends but from yourself.to achieve.to succeed.its almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.edward wynne, editor of a magazine blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools.he claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action.dwight huber, chairman of the english department at amarillo sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated.“i would cheat if i felt i was being cheated，” mr.huber said.he feels that as long as teachers give shortanswer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can combine information, students will try to beat the_system. “the concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is reasonable and there is something wrong with the individual whos doing it，” he said, “thats too easy an answer.weve got to start looking at the system.”文章大意：本文对越来越多的学生作弊现象进行了剖析。有些人将之归咎于现代青年人道德价值观普遍松弛。另一些人则将之归咎于现在的学生比过去的学生更为实际。还有些人认为这种上升趋势应归咎于校方评估学生的方式。63educators are finding that students who cheat_.a.are more likely to be punished than beforeb.have poorer academic records than beforec.can be academically weak or strongd.use the information in later years答案：c细节理解题。文章第一段最后一句话提到，学生不论成绩优劣，似乎都认可作弊行为，因此选c“成绩优或者劣的学生”符合原文意思。64according to the passage, youth cheat because of_.a.the eagerness to succeedb.the easiness to cheatc.the fear of competitiond.the impossibility to be punished答案：a推理判断题。文中提到了多种学生方面的作弊原因。只有a的表达与原文相符，可以回答题干的问题。b是文中提到的内容，但不是原因。学生们恐惧的是失败，不是竞争，不选c。作弊受惩罚可能性小了但不是没有，所以不选d。65what does the underlined part“the system” refer to?a.the education system.b.the school system.c.the system by which schools punish cheating.d.the system by which students are evaluated.答案：d语义理解题。原文说huber将作弊现象的原因归咎于评估学生的方式，后面引用他的话说明他的观点，学生们如果觉得考题和评分标准不理想，他们就会设法击败该制度。考题和评分标准正是学生评估体系的内容。66which of the followings would dwight huber probably agree with?a.the educational system is sound and students must follow every rule.b.parents alone must take responsibility for the rise in student cheating.c.there should be some changes in the evaluation system.d.students who cheat should be expelled from school.答案：c推理判断题。第三段中将作弊现象增加的原因归咎于评估学生的方式，最后说应该对这个体系加以审视。可以推测c正确。d (2012稳派教育新课改质检)having a hobby helps to make you a more interesting person and gives you something fascinating to talk about with others. it can also help you to avoid feeling bored and often provides the opportunity to meet new people with similar interests. learning something new is always good for keeping the mind alert and active, as is maintaining a longterm interest in something that attracts you. this will also make you more of an interesting person than a person who is addicted to myspace, watching tv, or doing other time wasting and unhealthy tasks.think of a hobby that might interest you. it might be an interest that you always wished you had time to explore, but never had the time or money required to pursue your interest.collect things for a fashion magazine. look at the walls in your post office, and think about collecting stamps and what you might need to do to start and maintain a stamp collection. think of other items you might like to collect, for example, coins, dolls or chocolate wrappers._. have you ever gone to a museum, looked at the paintings on the walls, and wondered if you could do the same thing? how about trying painting for yourselfin oils or watercolors? or maybe try drawing with charcoal or colored pencils.enjoy sport as a hobby. watch soccer, basketball, golf, athletics or tennis tournaments on television or at your local sports ground. do you feel that a sport is something that you would love to learn? think about what it would cost, and the time it would take to learn and play. do you have the funds available for this type of hobby? would you have the patience it would take to really learn to play or train for any of these sports? would you rather play a team sport or an individual sport? maybe there are friends or family members who already have equipment and uniforms you can have, as well as tips for how to begin your chosen sport. ask them about their experiences and listen to their suggestions.文章大意：本文主要介绍了爱好对一个人的好处，以及怎样找到适合自己的一个业余爱好等。67it is implied in the first paragraph that_.a. having a hobby will waste a lot of time. b. a hobby will mean a lot of unexpected chances c. a hobby is no more than a timekilling activity d. having a hobby will do you good a lot 答案：d推理判断题。根据第一段第三句的“learning something new is always good for keeping the mind alert and active”和“this will also make you more of an interesting person than a person who is addicted to myspace, watching tv.”等可知这一段主要讲的是有一个爱好对一个人的好处。68which of the following is most suitable for the blank?a. discover art for a hobby. b. learn art in a museum.c. make art in your own community.d. copy art from other painters. 答案：a细节判断题。从第四段的“.a museum, the paintings，in oils or watercolors，charcoal or colored pencils”等可知是属于艺术方面的，故选a。69the questions in the 5th paragraph are used to_.a. show the curiosity of the writer about sports. b. present some advice for you to consider.c. express the doubt of the writer about sports.d. provide some choices on sports activity.答案：b细节理解题。结合最后一段第三句的“do you feel that a sport is something that you would love to learn？”“would you rather play a team sport or an individual sport？”可知这些问题的提出是为了给读者考虑的建议。70the purpose of writing this passage is to_.a. introduce the importance of a hobby b. explain how a hobby is developed c. teach us how to find a hobby d. prove the effect of a hobby on a person 答案：c写作意图题。本文主要介绍了一个业余爱好的好处，以及如何找到适合自己的爱好的各种建议等，所以c项符合意图。e (2012安徽省皖南高三联合测评)did you know tigers are the largest living species of cat? bengal tigers arent the biggest, but they are still pretty large. the males weigh 180 to 258 kg and females weigh 100 to 150 kg. adult male tigers are larger than adult females. another thing that is different about male tigers is that they have a ruff of hair around their necks.have you ever heard a tiger roar(嚎叫)? if you have then you know what a loud and sometimes scary sound it can be. tigers roar for many reasons. they actually roar less often than lions. this is because lions live in groups and most tigers spend a lot of time alone. one of the reasons their roar is so loud is so that it can be heard over long distances. a tigers roar can be heard for many miles.heres something really interesting, in 2000, researchers discovered that tigers also communicate in frequencies(频率)that are too low for humans to hear. these frequencies are called infrasounds(次声波). they can travel for really long distances. whats really amazing is that these low sounds go through objects like buildings, forests, and mountains!besides roaring, tigers also make a growl, hiss, purr and chuff sound. tigers make the churl sound when greeting other tigers. they roar during the mating (交配) season to communicate over long distances.tigers also use chemicals to communicate. males and females mark the boundary of their areas by spraying a mixture of urine (尿液) and scent on trees, grass, and bushes. tigers also put scratches on tree trunks to mark their boundaries.a tigers body is built for capturing and killing large prey. tigers have powerful legs and a flexible backbone. this helps the tigers to quickly chase and catch prey over short distances. bengals can leap 10 yards and can jump 15 feet in the air.wild tigers are found only in asia. bengal tigers are protected, and they are the national animal of both bangladesh and india. to help protect the tigers, the government in india had a special conservation program called project tiger. due to this project, the population of wild tigers in india now numbers about 3,500 which is up from the 1,200 tigers that lived there in 1970.tigers can live in almost any climate. they live in large hunting areas. to survive they need water, shade and food. tigers are found in rainforests, hot, dry woods, and cold, snowy forests. tigers also live in mangrove (经济的) swamps, marshes, and tail grasslands. in general, tigers like to be in shade. unlike lions, they rarely go onto open plains.文章大意：让我们认识一下兽中之王吧！71how can we tell an adult male tiger from a female tiger?a. by the loudness of their roar. b. by examining their powerful legs.c. by looking at the hair around their necks. d. by watching how fast they can run.答案：c细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句“another thing that is different about male tigers is that they have a ring of hair around their necks”可知根据老虎脖子上的“一圈毛”可以判断老虎的雌雄。72what does the underlined word in the sixth paragraph “prey” mean?a. animals hunted for food. b. animals running faster than tigers.c. animals relying on tigers for food. d. animals searching for food.答案：a词义猜测题。根据前面的“a tigers body is built for capturing and killing”中的capturing和killing判断，该词的意思是“猎物”，所以选a。73why do tigers roar less often than lions?a. because they live in groups. b. because they neednt communicate.c. because they seldom spend time together. d. because they communicate in frequencies.答案：c细节理解题。根据第二段 “this is because lions live in groups and most tigers spend a lot of time alone”判断，其原因是“老虎很少待在一起”。74why does a tiger spray a mixture of urine and scent on trees, grass, and bushes?a. in order to show how powerful it is.b. in order to attract tigers of a different sex.c. in order to lure(引诱)other animals to come near.d. in order to warn other tigers not to come into its boundary.答案：d细节理解题。根据第五段的第二句“males and females mark the boundary of their areas b