高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（37）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固练习（37）及答案welcome to banff, canada s first, most famous and arguably most fascinating national park. if youve come to ski or snowboard, well see you on the slopes. skiing is a locals favourite too.while you re here, try other recreational activities available in our mountains. popular choices include a banff gondola ride up sulphur mountain, bathe in the natural mineral waters at the upper hot spring, horsedrawn sleigh ride, driveyourownteam dog sled excursion, and snowmobile tour to the highland (but not in the national park)we also recommend you make time to enjoy simple pleasures. after looking around banff ave shops, walk a couple of blocks west or south to the scenic bow river.try ice skating on frozen lake louise where ice magic international ice sculpture competition works are displayed after jan 25. you can rent skates in banff or at the sport shop in the fairmont chateau lake louise hotel.banff s backcountry paths access a wilderness world of silence and matchless beauty cross country skis and snowshoes provide the means. banff sport shops rent equipment and clothes, or join an organized tour. although weve been many times, we still find the cliffs and icefalls of our frozen canyons worth visiting.wildlife watching also creates satisfying memories. we have seen hundreds of the elk and bighorn sheep that attract visitors, yet they still arouse a sense of wonder. and the rare spotting of a cougar, wolf or woodland caribou takes our breath away.see if simple pleasures work for you. fight in the snow with your kids, walk bdside a stream or climb to a high place and admire the view.banff resort guide editors【文章大意概括】本文介绍了加拿大最有名的国家公园banff，在那儿你可以尽情享受冬季旅游的乐趣！1according to the passage, banffs backcountry is accessible by_.a. cross country skiingb. horsedrawn sleigh ridingc. snowmobilingd. dogsledding【详解剖析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句话中的“cross country skis and snowshoes provide the means”可知a项正确。【最佳选项】a2which of the following is true according to the passage?a. dogsledding is the most popular sport among local people.b. watching wildlife is a memorable experience.c. travellers should bring their own sports equipment.d. shopping is too simple a pleasure to enjoy.【详解剖析】细节判断题。根据文章第六段第一句话“wildlife watching also creates satisfying memories.”可知b项正确。根据文章第一段的最后一句话可知a项错误；由文章第五段中的“banff sport shops rent equipment”可知c项错误；d项在文中没有被提及。【最佳选项】b3the purpose of the writing is to_.a. promote scenic spots in canadab. advertise for the sports in banffc. introduce tourist activities in banffd. describe breathtaking views in banff【详解剖析】写作意图题。由文章的主要内容以及文章最后的落款“banff resort guide editors”可知这篇文章的主要目的就是介绍在banff的旅游活动。a项中的in canada太宽泛，不具体；b项没有体现出“旅游”的意思；d项中的views也不具体，所以答案选c。【最佳选项】csometimes，the simplest ideas are the best. for example，to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat，black surfaces. one way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. but why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt (柏油) roads?ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of arian de bondt, a dutch engineer. he finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. the result is that their building is now heated in winter and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside.the heatcollector is a system of connected water pipes.most of them run from one side of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. some, however, dive deep into the ground.when the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. at a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer (蓄水层) into which several heat exchangers (交换器) have been built. the hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warming the groundwater, before returning to the surface through another pipe. the aquifer is thus used as a heat store.in winter, the working system is changed slightly. water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. this water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. after performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice.【文章大意概括】文章介绍了怎样依靠外面的柏油马路表面在冬天给楼房供暖，在夏天给楼房降温。1、which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs ?a. arian de bondt got his idea from his boss.b. large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities.c. the dutch engineer s system has been widely used.d. heat can also be collected from asphalt roads.【详解剖析】细节判断题。由文章第二段最后一句话可以得出答案。【最佳选项】d2、for what purpose are the diving pipes used?a. to absorb heat from the sun.b. to store heat for future use.c. to turn solar energy into heat energy.d. to carry heat down below the surface.【详解剖析】细节判断题。由文章第四段第一句话的内容可以得出答案。【最佳选项】d3、from the last paragraph we can learn that_.a. some pipes have to be rearranged in winterb. the system can do more than warming up the buildingc. the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surfaced. less heat may be collected in winter than in summer【详解剖析】推测判断题。由文章最后一段最后一句的内容可知，这一系统不仅能给楼房供暖，还可以使马路上的冰雪消融。【最佳选项】b4、what is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?a. what we shall do if the system goes wrong.b. what we shall do if there are no asphalt roads.c. how the system cools the building in summer.d. how the system collects heat in spring and autumn.【详解剖析】文章结构题。前面谈到这一系统的工作原理以及冬天怎么给楼房供暖，下文应该讲的是夏天怎么给楼房降温。【最佳选项】c*结束 (2011福建卷，a)driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.it requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.when alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制药)，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination (协调)，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected.alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.to get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.the present road traffic ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is：50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood；or22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath；or67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液)drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.the driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of hk $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points；or temporarily banned from driving.the same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(样本) for breath，blood or urine tests without good excuse.drink driving is a criminal offence.be a responsible driver，think before you drink. for the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol. 本文主要讲述酒后驾车的危害，对酒驾的惩罚等，呼吁人们为了自身和他人的健康，一定不要酒后驾车。1the first paragraph is mainly about_.athe introductions of driving skillsbthe damage of drinking to your bodycthe effect of drinking on drivingdthe process of alcohol being absorbed答案：c。主旨大意题。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”可知，本段主要讲述酒后驾车的影响，故c项正确。2the underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “_”aalcohol babsorptioncblood dprocess答案：d。词义猜测题。由前半句“to get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”，可知，后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶，咖啡等的措施来加速这个过程是不可能的”故it指代process，d项正确。3which of the following is true according to the passage?adrinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.balcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.chaving a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.d50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit.答案：b。细节理解题。由第二段中“absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知b项正确。4a driver suspected of drink driving_.ashould provide specimens for testingbwill be forbidden to drive for 3 yearscwill be punished for 10 drivingoffence pointsdshould pay a maximum fine of hk$25,000答案：a。细节理解题。由文章信息“drivers who cause traffic accidents ，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested”可知a项正确。b(2011安徽卷，b)think about the different ways that people use the wind. you can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the oldest. evidence shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient iran back in the seventh century bc. they were first introduced to europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the middle east with knowledge of using wind power.for many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. this allowed them to have electric lights and radio. however, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the united states, windmills were rarely used.during the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. people also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.风能早在公元前七世纪就开始被人们用风车所利用，当人们发明了电以后，风能被用来发电，但随着电的广泛使用，风车逐渐不被人们使用了。而进入二十世纪七十年代后，人们又逐渐认识到了风能的优势。5from the text we know that windmills _.a. were invented by european armiesb. have a history of more than 2,800 yearsc. used to supply power to radio in remote areasd. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered答案：c。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除a项；公元前七世纪到现在应是不足2800年，故排除b项；由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除d项，同时也能知道c项是正确的。6what was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?a. sailing a boat. b. producing electricity.c. grinding wheat into flour.d. pumping water from underground.答案：b。细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地区的人们开始用风车发电”。7one of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that _.a. wind power is cleanerb. it is one of the oldest power sourcesc. it was cheaper to create energy from windd. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs答案：a。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。8what would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?a. the advantages of wind power.b. the design of wind power plants.c. the worldwide movement to save energy.d. the global trend towards producing power from wind.答案：d。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要通过风能的利用来提供越来越多的电力”，表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。*结束*03*结束new archaeological discoveries suggest that trade between europe and asia along the silk road probably began in some form many centuries earlier than once thought. the findings, coupled with a widening range of scientific and historical research, could add a fascinating new page to the epic of the silk road.the latest and most surprising discovery is pieces of silk found in the hair of an egyptian mummy from about 1,000 bc ，long before regular traffic on the silk road and at least one thousand years before silk was previously thought to be used in egypt. other research may extend human activity along this route back even further, perhaps a million years to the migration of human ancestors into eastern asia.the official origin of eastwest commerce along the road is usually placed in the late 2nd century bc when an agent of the chinese emperor wudi returned from a dangerous secret mission (使命)across the western desert into the remote high country of central asia. the agent, zhang qian, travelled as far as afghanistan and brought back knowledge of even more distant lands such as persia，syria and a place known as lijien, perhaps rome. historians have called this one of the most important journeys in ancient times. his journey opened the way for what have been thought to be the first indirect contacts between the ancient worlds two superpowers, china and rome. chinese silk, first traded to central asian tribes for war horses and to the parthians of old persia in exchange for acrobats and ostrich eggs ，was soon finding its way through a network of merchants to the luxury markets of rome.but the new discoveries show that chinese silk was apparently present in the west long before the han emperor started organized trade over the silk road. the research could change thinking about the early history of world trade and provide insights into the mystery of just how and when europe and the mediterranean lands first became aware of the glorious culture at the other end of eurasia.【文章大意概括】最新的考古学研究表明，古代欧亚大陆之间的主要贸易通道丝绸之路，其