高考英语阅读理解精品练习（11）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精品练习（11）及答案（解析）c72013新课标全国卷 c given that many peoples moods (情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of chinese medicine. looking like a setting from the film charlie & the chocolate factory, singapores chocolate research facility (crf) has over 100 varieties of chocolates.its founder is chris lee who grew up at his parents corner store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets. if the crf seems to be a smart idea, thats because lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as levis and sony. that idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored(味道)chocolates.the crfs produce is “green”， made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the alcohol series being the most popular. the exotic serieswith sichuan pepper, red bean (豆), cheese and other flavorsalso does well and is fun to taste. and for chocolate_snobs，who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the connoisseur series uses cocoa beans from togo, cuba, venezuela, and ghana, among others.44. what is good about chocolate?a. it serves as a suitable gift.b. it works as an effective medicine.c. it helps improve the state of mind.d. it strengthens business relations.45why is chris lee able to develop his idea of the crf?a. he knows the importance of research.b. he learns from shops of similar types.c. he has the support of many big names.d. he has a lot of marketing experience.46which line of the crf produce sells best?a. the connoisseur series.b. the exotic series.c. the alcohol series.d. the sichuan series.47the words “chocolate snobs” in paragraph 3 probably refer to people who _a. are particular about chocolateb. know little about cocoa beansc. look down upon othersd. like to try new flavors【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。巧克力可以改善情绪。本文以此为切入点介绍了新加坡的chocolate research facility的一些情况。44c细节理解题。根据第一段中的“given that many peoples moods are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time”可知，巧克力有助于改善心理状态。45d推理判断题。根据第二段中的“if the crf seems to be a smart idea, thats because lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as levis and sony.”可以推知，他有许多市场经验。46c细节理解题。根据第三段中的“with the alcohol series being the most popular”可知，the alcohol series卖得最好。47a推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others”可以推知，该词组指自以为对巧克力很有研究的人。 (2011江西卷，c)the garden city was largely the invention of ebenezer howard (18501928). after immigrating from england to the usa, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. in those days, it was nicknamed “the garden city”， almost certainly the source of howards name for his later building plan of towns. returning to london, howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing_on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.the nineteenthcentury poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. at the same time, the british countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条)and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. howards idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. howards idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside, far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. they would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. as more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limithoward suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.本文是一篇记叙文，记叙了ebenezer howard在偏僻的农村发明了花园城市。在花园城市里，有公共空间、林荫大道、各种工作和服务设施。6how did howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?athrough his observation of the country life.bthrough the combination of different ideas.cby taking other peoples advice.dby using the nickname of the reconstructed chicago.答案：d。细节理解题。根据第一段的“in those days，it was nicknamed the garden city，almost certainly the source of howards name for his later building plan of towns.”可知d项正确。7the underlined phrase “drawing on” in paragraph 1 probably means _.amaking use of bmaking comments on cgiving an explanation of dgiving a description of 答案：a。词义猜测题。此处指霍华德利用了当时很受欢迎的一些观点，创造出了设计的完美结合。make use of 利用；make comments on 对做出评论；give an explanation of 给出的解释；give a description of 给出的描述。8according to howard, garden cities should be built _.aas far as possible from existing cities bin the countryside where the land was cheapcin the countryside where agriculture was developed dnear cities where employment opportunities already existed答案：b。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“.to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside, far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price”可知，花园城市是建在土地便宜的农村。9what can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?atheir number would continue to rise.beach one would continue to become larger.cpeople would live and work in the same place.deach one would contain a certain type of business.答案：a。推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段可知，建好一个花园城市后在不远处再建一个，经过一段时间之后，将会有大量的花园城市群，故a项正确；花园城市有人数限制，故b项错误；建立许多花园城市，故人们不会都在一起生活和工作；每个花园城市都提供很大范围的工作和服务，故d项错误。10what could be the best title for the passage?acity and countrysidebthe invention of the garden cityca new city in chicagoda famorus garden city in england答案：b。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文讲的是花园城市的发明过程，故选b项。(2011广东卷，d) in a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. people now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. that means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. in other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources. today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries. according to a recent study, the global market for lowcarbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. china, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. it is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and highspeed trains.in addition, we are also seeing great growth in the globalmarkets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油)，which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest.in recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. first, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy.besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one. the major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet. that is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries. 文章讲了在过去的十年中传统的商业模式严重地危害了地球的资源和人们的生存环境。面对严峻的形势，世人开始探索可持续发展的生产方式。并且特别强调了中国在探索可持续发展能源和生产方式方面做出的卓越努力。11the traditional business model is harmful because of all the following except that _.a. it makes the world warmerb. it consumes natural resourcesc. it brings severe damage to forestsd. it makes growth hard to continue答案：b。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. people now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的)way.”可知在过去的几十年里森林在消失，地球变暖，自然资源变得短缺，难以继续发展。所以b项应该排除。12what can we infer from paragraph 2?a. china lacks wind and solar energy.b. china is the leader of the lowcarbon market.c. highspeed trains are a lowcarbon development.d. palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.答案：c。推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，中国政府在低碳生活方面作出的一些努力，如大力开发风能和太阳能等洁净能源、推行电动汽车、高速火车等。由此可推知，高速火车应属于低碳型的交通工具。13to full develop the lowcarbon markets, government can _.a. cut public expensesb. forbid carbon emissionc. develop public resourcesd. encourage energy conservation答案：d。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“first.besides.finally.”我们可知政府正在设立高的标准减少碳的排放，节约和再利用资源，进行能源保护。所以d项正确。14we can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to_.a. develop sustainable productsb. explore new natural resourcesc. make full use of natural resourcesd. deal with the major challenge答案：a。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“that is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.”可知利用有限的资源来满足日益增长的人口的需要并不是一件易事，但它为可持续性产业(的发展)提供丰富的新的机遇。所以a项正确。15what is the main purpose of the passage?a. to introduce a new business model.b. to compare two business models.c. to predict a change of the global market.d. to advocate sustainable development.答案：d。推理判断题。根据第一段的“people now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed ，and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways.”和第二段的“today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries.”以及最后一段的“.it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.”可知本文的目的是积极地倡导可持续性发展。所以d项正确。c72013新课标全国卷 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。asome people will do just about anything to save money. and i am one of them.take my familys last vacation.it was my sixyearold sons winter break from school，and we were heading home from fort lauderdale after a weeklong trip. the flight was overbooked，and delta, the airline，offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.i had meetings in new york，so i had to get back. but that didnt mean my husband and my son couldnt stay. i took my ninemonthold and took off for home.the next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. yes, i encouragedokay, orderedthem to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more delta dollars. our total take: $1，600. not bad, huh? now some people may think im a bad mother and not such a great wife either. but as a bigtime bargain hunter, i know the value of a dollar. and these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up. ive made a living looking for the best deals and exposing (揭露) the worst tricks.i have been the consumer reporter of nbcs today show for over a decade. i have written a couple of books including one titled tricks of the trade: a consumer survival guide. and i really do what i believe in.i tell you this because there is no shame in getting your moneys worth. im also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children，and expensive restaurants.but i wouldnt hesitate to spend on a good haircut. it keeps it