高考英语阅读理解练习（15）（含解析）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解练习（15）及答案（解析）c52013陕西卷 dabout 30 years ago, i left cuba for the united states with my son. after getting settled finally in brunswick, new jersey, i enrolled(注册) my son in kindergarten. several weeks later, my sons teacher asked me to meet him at his office.in the teachers office, an exchange of greetings was followed by his questions：“is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)? does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？”was he talking about my wonderful scola? no, no, it cant be. what a helpless, lonely moment! i told him that scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. i asked him why he was asking me all these questions.my son could not follow the teachers directions, he told me, and thus, scola was disrupting the class. didnt he know my son did not speak english yet?he was angry：“why hasnt your son been taught to speak english? dont you speak english at home？”no, i didnt speak english at home, i replied. i was sure my son would learn english in a couple of months, and i didnt want him to forget his native language. well, wrong answer! what kind of person would not speak in english to her son at home and at all times? “are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society？”needless to say, i tried to tell him i was not one of “those people”. then he told me the meeting was over, and i left.as i had expected, my son learned to speak english fluently before the school year was over. he went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. he travels widely and leads a welladjusted, contented life. and he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others; it teaches people about other cultures and other placessomething very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” i met in new jersey.57the teacher asked the author to his office _ato discuss scolas inclass performancebto get scola enrolled in kindergartencto find a language partner for scoladto work out a study plan for scola58what does the underlined word “disrupting” in paragraph 4 probably mean?abreaking. bfollowing.cattending. ddisturbing.59the authors attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as _acritical bcasualcpositive dpassive60this text is likely to be selected from a book of_amedicine beducationcgeography dhistory【要点综述】 本文作者通过说明自己儿子学习语言的过程和他最后的成功经历，说明了“双语”学习的重要性。57a推理判断题。根据第二和第四段可知，学校老师让作者去学校的目的是为了探讨作者的儿子在学校的表现，选a。58d词义猜测题。disrupting所在句子的意思是：他告诉我，我儿子经常不按老师的指令做，他经常干扰课堂。由此可知此处该词的意思是“干扰”，选d。59c推理判断题。通读最后一段可知作者对于“双语”学习持积极、肯定的态度，选c。60b推理判断题。本文探讨的是关于孩子的教育问题，由此可以推断出本文选自教育类书刊，选b。(2011黄冈适应性考试，b)a few months before i was born, my dad met a stranger who was new to our small town. from the beginning, dad was fascinated with this enchanting newcomer and soon invited him to live with our family. the stranger was quickly accepted and was around to welcome me into the world a few months later.as i grew up, i never questioned his place in my family. in my young mind, he had a special position. my parents were complementary instructors：mom taught me the words, and dad taught me to obey them. but the stranger. he was our storyteller. he would keep us spellbound for hours on end with adventures, mysteries and comedies.if i wanted to know anything about politics，history or science，he always knew the answers about the past, understood the present and even seemed able to predict the future! he made me laugh, and he made me cry. the stranger never stopped talking, but dad didnt seem to mind.i now know that my early concepts about relationship were influenced strongly by the stranger. time after time, he opposed the values of my parents, yet he was seldom blamed.and never asked to leave.more than fifty years have passed since the stranger moved in with our family. he has blended right in and is not nearly as fascinating as he was at first. still, if you were to walk into my parents room today, you would still find him sitting over in his corner, waiting for someone to listen to him talk and watch him draw his pictures. his name?we just call him.“tv”he has a younger sister now. we call her“computer”作者以生动形象的拟人手法描述了电视对自己的影响。5when the stranger came to live with our family, he was _.a. ingnored by the children b. driven away for no reasonc. abandoned because it was too noisy d. accepted by every family member答案：d。事实细节题。由首段尾句可知答案。6the stranger can do all the following things except that he can _.a. tell us some funny stories b. reject our proposalsc. influence the childrens character d. predict the future答案：b。事实细节题。由第3段内容可知电视具有a、c、d项所说的功能，而不能“拒绝建议”，故按题意要求选b。7the underlined word“spellbound” in paragraph 2 most probably means _.a. concentrated b. puzzled c. fascinated d. astonished答案：c。词义猜测题。由第2段尾句语境“数小时连续地看冒险故事、神秘故事和喜剧”可知应是“沉迷于，对着迷的”，故答案为c。倒数第3段第2句中的fascinating也是暗示。本题易误选a，但是如果注意一下后面的介词就可排除，因为concentrate和on搭配。8what can we learn from the last three paragraphs of the passage?a. the computer is more advanced and has gained greater popularity.b. old as he is，we like the stranger best.c. the tv set is out of fashion and often breaks down.d. we decide to throw the tv set away immediately.答案：a。推理判断题。文章中提到电视伴随我们五十年，而现在它有了一个年轻的妹妹那就是电脑，说明了产品已推陈出新，暗示了电脑更先进更受人们青睐，故答案为a。(2011海淀第二学期期末，c)job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one fulltime job. the two people willingly act as parttime workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a fulltime worker. if they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the jobs wages，its holidays and its other benefits.job sharing differs from conventional(常规的) parttime work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing，which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide wellpaid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities. as would be expected, most job sharers are women. a survey carded out in 1988 by britains equal opportunities commission showed that 78 percent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. subsequent studies have come up with similar results. many of these women were reentering the job market after having had children，but they chose not to seek parttime work because it would have meant lower status. job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into fulltime work after a long absence.the necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional oneposition jobs. however，to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. in sum, for a position to be jobshared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.本文讲述了“job sharing”这一新的工作形式的特征及其要求。9in what way is work sharing different from job sharing?a. work sharing requires more working hours.b. work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs.c. work sharing provides a more satisfactory salary.d. work sharing depends on the employers decision.答案：b。事实细节题。由第3段首句中的“work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs.”可知which引导的定语从句修饰work sharing，由此推出答案。10according to paragraph 4, young mothers preferred job sharing to conventional parttime work mainy because _.a. they sought higher social statusb. they were over ideal working agesc. they had difficulty finding fulltime jobsd. they had to take care of both work and family答案：a。推理判断题。由第4段倒数第2句可推知这些年轻妇女们选择job sharing这一工作形式是为了寻求更高的社会地位。故选a。11in job sharing the partners should _.a. enjoy equal social status b. have similar work experiencec. keep in touch with each other d. know each other very well答案：d。事实细节题。由尾段后半段的内容可知d项正确。12the main purpose of the passage is to_.a. describe job sharing in generalb. discuss how to provide more jobsc. recommend job sharing to womend. compare job sharing with work sharing答案：a。主旨大意题。总览全文可知本文旨在大体上描述“job sharing” 这一工作形式。故选a。c62013浙江卷 ano one knows for sure when advertising first started. it is possible that it grew out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them. that led to the concept of specialization, which means that people would specialize, or focus, on doing one specific job. lets take a man well call mr. fielder, for example. he did everything connected with farming. he planted seeds, tended the fields, and harvested and sold his crops. at the same time, he did many other jobs on the farm. however, he didnt make the bricks for his house, cut his trees into boards, make the plows(犁), or any of the other hundreds of things a farm needs. instead, he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those things. suppose there was another man we shall call mr. plowright. using what he knew about farming and working with iron, mr. plowright invented a plow that made farming easier. mr. plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in making really good plows. perhaps, he thought, other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows. how did mr. plowright let people know what he was doing? why, he advertised, of course. first he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. that sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. it was probably all the information people needed to find mr. plowright and his really good plows. many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago. even before most people could read, they understood such signs. shopkeepers would carve into stone, clay, or wood symbols for the products they had for sale. a medium, in advertising talk, is the way you communicate your message. you might say that the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols. the second medium was audio, or sound, although that term is not used exactly in the way we use it today. originally, just the human voice and maybe some kind of simple instrument, such as a bell, were used to get peoples attention. a crier, in the historical sense, is not someone who weeps easily. it is someone, probably a man, with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city. in ancient egypt, shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products. often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods. perhaps the crier described the goods, explained where they came from, and praised their quality. his job was, in other words, not too different from a tv or radio commercial in todays world. 41what probably led to the start of advertising? athe discovery of iron. bthe specialization of labor. cthe appearance of new jobs. dthe development of farming techniques. 42to advertise his plows, mr. plowright _. apraised his plows in public bplaced a sign outside the shop chung an arrow pointing to the shop dshowed his products to the customers43the writer makes up the two stories of mr. fielder and mr. plowright in order to_. aexplain the origin of advertising bpredict the future of advertising cexpose problems in advertising dprovide sug