高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习（32）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品练习（32）及答案passage 1 is from the introduction to a zen buddhist (禅宗的佛教僧侣) manual on the art of “mindfulness”, the practice of paying close attention to the present moment. passage 2 is from an essay by a united states author.passage 1every morning, when we wake up, we have 24 brand-new hours to live. what a precious gift! we have the capacity to live in a way that these 24 hours will bring peace, joy, and happiness to ourselves and to others.peace is right here and now, in ourselves and in everything we do and see. the question is whether or not we are in touch with it. we dont have to travel far away to enjoy the blue sky. we dont have to leave our city or even our neighborhood to enjoy the eyes of a beautiful child. even the air we breathe can be a source of joy.we can smile, breathe, walk, and eat our meals in a way that allows us to be in touch with the abundance of happiness that is available. we are very good at preparing how to live, but not very good at living. we know how to sacrifice ten years for a diploma, and we are willing to work very hard to get a job, a car, a house, and so on. but we have difficulty remembering that we are alive in the present moment, the only moment there is for us to be alive. every breath we take, every step we make, can be filled with joy, peace, and serenity. we need only to be awake, alive in the present moment.passage 2the argument of both the hedonist (享乐主义者) and the guru (印度教的宗师) is that we were but to open ourselves to the richness of the moment, to concentrate on the feast before us, we would be filled with bliss. i have lived in the present from time to time and can tell you that it is much overrated. occasionally, as a holiday from stroking ones memories or brooding (担忧) about future worries, i grant you, it can be a nice change of pace. but to “be here now,” hour after hour, would never work. i dont even approve of stories written in the present tense. ads for poets who never use a past participate, they deserve the eternity they are striving for. besides, the present has a way of intruding whether you like it or not. why should i go out of my way to meet it? let it splash on me from time to time, like a car going through a puddle, and i, on the sidewalk of my solitude (孤独), will salute it grimly like any other modern inconvenience.if i attend a concert, obviously not to listen to the music but to find a brief breathing space in which to meditate on the past and future. i realize that there may be moments when the music invades my ears and i am forced to pay attention to it, note for note. i believe i take such intrusions gracefully. the present is not always an unwelcome guest, so long as it doesnt stay too long and cut into my remembering or brooding time.10the author of passage 1 would most likely view the author of passage 2 as _.a. attaching too much importance to the views of othersb. advocating an action without considering the consequencesc. squandering (浪费) a precious opportunity on a daily basisd. failing to respect the feelings of other people11. the author of passage 1 would most likely respond to the “argument” (line 1 passage 2) with_. a. complete agreementb. partial acceptancec. absolute neutralityd. surprised disbelief12. in passage 1 line 11, the list (“a jobhouse”) presents things that most people _.a. assume they will eventually obtainb. eventually realize are overratedc. are unwilling to make sacrifices ford. see as worth much effort to acquire13. in passage 2 lines 810, the “present” is characterized as _.a. a dangerous threatb. an unsolvable puzzlec. an unavoidable imposition (强加)d. a burdensome obligation14. which of the following phrases from passage 2 would the author of passage 1 most likely choose as a title for passage 1?a. “the hedonist and the guru” (line 1)b. “the feast before us” (line 2)c. “a brief breathing space” (line 11)d. “an unwelcome guest” (line 14)【参考答案】10-14 cadcbdtom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. he stopped by the fence in front of the house where he lived with his aunt polly. he looked at it, and all joy left him. the fence was long and high. he put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top of the fence. he repeated the operation. he felt he could not continue and sat down.he knew that his friends would arrive soon with all kinds of interesting plans for the day. they would walk past him and laugh. they would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer saturday. the thought burned him like fire.he put his hand into his pockets and took out all that he owned. perhaps he could find some way to pay someone to do the whitewashing for him. but there was nothing of value in his pockets nothing that could buy even half an hour of freedom. so he put the bits of toys back into his pockets and gave up the ideaat this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. it filled his mind with a great, bright light. calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash.while tom was working, ben rogers appeared. ben was eating an apple as he walked along the street. as he walked along, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. first he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. then he said “ding-dong-dong”, “ding-dong-dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. and he made other strange noises. when he came close to tom, he stopped.tom went on whitewashing. he did not look at ben. ben stared a moment and then said: “hello! im going swimming, but you cant go, can you?”no answer. tom moved his brush carefully along the fence and looked at the result with the eye of an artist. ben came nearer. toms mouth watered for the apple, but he kept on working.ben said, “hello, old fellow, youve got to work, hey?”tom turned suddenly and said, “why, its you, ben! i wasnt noticing.”“say im going swimming. dont you wish you could? but of course youd rather work wouldnt you? of course you would.”tom looked at the boy a bit, and said “what do you call work?”“why, isnt that work?”tom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly.“well, maybe it is, and maybe it isnt. all i know is, it suits tom sawyer.”“oh come, now, you dont mean to say that you like it?” the brush continued to move.“like it? well, i dont see why i shouldnt like it. does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day?”ben stopped eating his apple. tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. ben watched every move and got more and more interested. soon he said,“say, tom, let me whitewash a little.”tom thought for a moment, was about to agree; but he changed his mind.“no no it wont do, ben. you see, aunt polly wants this fence to be perfect. it has got to be done very carefully. i dont think there is one boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, that can do it well enough.”“no is that so? oh come, now let me just try. only just a little.” “ben, id like to, but if it isnt done right, im afraid aunt polly ”“oh, ill be careful. now let me try. say ill give you the core of my apple.”“well, here no, ben, now dont. im afraid ”“ill give you all of it.”tom gave up the brush with unwillingness on his face, but joy in his heart. and while ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, tom sat under a tree, eating the apple, and planning how to get more help. there were enough boys. each one came to laugh, but remained to whitewash. by the time ben was tired, tom sold the next chance to billy for a kite; and when billy was tired, johnny bought in for a dead rat and so on, hour after hour. and when the middle of the afternoon came, tom had won many treasures.and he had not worked. he had had a nice idle time all the time, with plenty of company and the fence had been whitewashed three times. if he hadnt run out of whitewash, tom would have owned everything belonging to his friends.he had discovered a great law of human action, namely, that in order to make a man or a boy want a thing, it is only necessary to make the thing difficult to get. 15. how many characters are mentioned in this story? a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 716. why did tom take all his bits of toys out of his pockets?a. because he is tired and wanted to play with his toys.b. because he wanted to throw his toys away.c. because he wanted to give his toys to his friends. d. because he wanted to know if he could buy help with his toys.17. tom was about to agree to let ben whitewash when he changed his mind because _.a. tom wanted to do the whitewashing by himselfb. tom planned to make ben give up his apple firstc. tom was unwilling to let ben do the whitewashingd. tom was afraid ben would do the whitewashing better.18. we can learn from the passage that _.a. tom was interested in whitewashing the fence.b. tom had a lot of friends who are ready to help others.c. tom was unwilling to whitewash the fence, but he managed to let other boys do it for himd. tom was good at whitewashing the fence, so he looked at the result of his work with the eye of an artist.19. what made ben rogers eagerly gave up his apple and offer to brush the fence for tom? a. his warm heart and kindness to friends.b. his curiosity about toms brushing job. c. toms threat.d. aunt pollys idea.20. which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage?a. the happy whitewasher b. tom and his fellowsc. whitewashing a fence d. how to make the things difficult to get参考答案15-20 bdbcba c22013湖南卷 in my living room, there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to “bloom (开花) where you are planted.” it reminds me of dorothy. i got to know dorothy in the early 1980s, when i was teaching early childhood development through a program with union college in barbourville, kentucky. the job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.dorothy taught in a school in harlan county, kentucky, appalachian mountain area. to get to her school from the town of harlan, i followed a road winding around the mountain. in the eightmile journey, i crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, i found it depressing. the poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.from the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. upon arriving at dorothys classroom, i was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. the children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). in case you dont know, poke greens are a weedtype plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. her enthusiasm never cooled down. when it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her child development associate certification, dorothy was ready. she came to the assessment and passed in all areas. afterward, she invited me to the oneandonly steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her ph.d. degree. after the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. she said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things.61“early childhood development” in paragraph 1 refers to _ a. a program directed by dorothy b. a course given by the author c. an activity held by the students d. an organization sponsored by union college62in the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing _ a. the long track b. the poor houses c. the same train d. the winding road63upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by _ a. a warm welcome b. the sight of poke greens c. dorothys latest projects d. a big dinner made for her64what can we know about dorothy from the last paragraph? a. she was invited to a celebration at a restaurant. b. she got a pen as a gift from the author. c. she passed the required assessment. d. she received her ph.d. degree.65what does the author mainly intend to tell us? a. whatever you do, you must do it carefully. b. whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment. c. however poor you are, you have the right to education. d. wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.【要点综述】 dorothy在一所条件非常差的学校获得了很大的成功，这说明一个人获得成功与他在什么地方没有直接关系，最重要的是要付出努力。61. b细节理解题。 根据文章第一段第三句可知，early childhood development是作者教的一门课程。62. b细节理解题。 根据文章第二段最后一句的“the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.”可知，又小又破的房子使作者感到最为失望，因此b项正确。63. a细节理解题。 根据文章第三段第一、二句可知，一到dorothy的教室，作者就受到热烈的欢迎，这使她的忧郁消失了，因此a项正确。64. c推理判断题。 文章最后一段第三句提到dorothy面试材料准备充分，而此段的“to celebrate her victory”说明dorothy已经通过了评估测试。65. d主旨大意题。文章通过讲述dorothy在极其恶劣的环境下获得成功的故事，说明一个人不管在什么地方，只要付出努力就能实现自己的梦想，因此d项正确。c22013湖南卷 its such a happylooking library, painted yellow, decorated with palmtree stickers and sheltered from the florida sun by its own roof. about the size of a microwave oven, its pedestrianfriendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in palm beach country estates, along the northern boundary of palm beach gardens.its a library built with love.a year ago, shortly after janey henriksen saw a brian williams report about the little free library organization, a wisconsinbased nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “thats what were going to do for our spring break！”son austin, now a 10thgrader, didnt see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. but janey insisted, and husband peter unwillingly got to work. the 51yearold owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that hed built years earlier for daughter abbies toy horses, and made a door of glass.after adding the librarys final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book，” and making the henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2，500 in the world, the only little free library in palm beach county.they stocked it with 20 or so books theyd already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids favorites. “i told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again，” said janey, a stayathome mom.since then, the collection keeps