什么是非法移民.doc

什么是非法移民？非法移民是什么意思？ 通过非正常途径进行居住点的迁移，谋求改变地域身份的移民行为或活动，由于其不被接受国承认、许可，被称为非法。具体来说，非法移民是指两种情况下居留于所在国境内的外国人与无国籍者。一种为非法入境者。另一种指虽然获得合法入境手续，但于所在国的居留超过合法的期限，成为非法逾期居留者。所谓的非法入境即通过个人自发偷越国境，或者通过中间人（即通常所说的蛇头）组织，越过边防、海关进入其他国家，就是所谓的“偷渡”。非法移民问题由来已久，自从出现现代民族国家，国家主权和民族意识不断得到强化，出现了越来越严密的公民和出入境管理机制，非法移民问题也作为对立统一体随之出现。20世纪80年代开始，全球化的进程不断加快，一大批发展中国家大力开辟国际市场，极大地促进了世界范围内的经济和社会一体化。伴随这个进程，国际移民开始大量增加。由于现存的不合理的国际经济秩序，不断加大了发展中国家与发达国家的差距，世界范围内的两极分化现象日趋严重，国际反恐斗争的政治需要使发达国家进一步紧缩移民政策，一系列原因促使当前世界呈现非法移民日益增加的趋势，对国家安全、社会稳定和国际关系的长远发展都产生着直接或间接的影响。非法移民已经成为国际公认的非传统安全中的一种重要因素，引起部分国家和地区的重点关注。近几十年来，国际政治、经济形势变化迅猛，对世界范围内的人口流动产生了很大的影响。据国际劳工组织统计，1970年全球移民人数为8200万人，目前约有1.9亿人，呈现大幅度上升的趋势。许多国家面临着巨大的移民压力。由于普遍担心对入境人口管理失去控制和影响社会安全稳定，各国政府都采取更为严厉的对策。但这些单方面采取的措施非但没有减少移民压力，反而使地下非法移民活动有所扩大和增加，偷渡和非法移民在全球范围内呈现出扩大趋势。 非法移民现象加剧的主要动因 促使当前全球范围内非法移民问题扩大的原因是多方面和复杂的，既有国际大背景的影响，也有经济发展规律的驱使，还有国家政策、社会因素的导向催化作用，综合因素交织导致非法移民问题的扩大。（一）全球化发展形成了外部环境（二）经济发展不平衡提供了内在动力（三）国家政策因素产生反弹作用 非法移民群体扩大产生的主要影响非法移民在世界范围内漫延扩大，对国际政治、经济秩序、国际合作、对外交往和国家管理职能都带来很大的负面影响，连带引发的一系列问题涉及社会的稳定和安全，令世人十分担忧，这是许多国家越来越关注非法移民的主要原因。（一）引发公众排外情绪，潜在威胁公共安全和社会稳定（二）挑战国家法律，削弱政府权威（三）矛盾交织，增加了反恐行动的复杂性（四）对难民庇护体制的冲击非法移民是一个全球性问题，在世界日益一体化发展的大趋势下，预防和打击非法移民，需要发达国家和发展中国家真诚的国际合作。本着“共担责任、相互支持、尊重主权、标本兼治”的原则，建立稳定、有效的法律规范和运作机制，拓宽正规移民渠道，严厉打击偷渡和人口贩运活动，扩大对发展中国家的经济援助，加强多边框架内的协调配合，共同致力于建立公正合理的国际新秩序，从根本上消除非法移民产生的根源。 What is theillegal immigration?Illegal immigration iswhat meaning?The normal way through theresidentialpointmigration,seeking to change theregionalidentity of immigrantsbehaviororactivities,due to itsnot being acceptedinrecognition,license,known asillegal. Specificallyillegal immigrationis atwocaseresidencein theterritory offoreigners andstateless persons.A kind ofillegal immigrants.Anotherrefers toalthough obtainedlegalimmigration,butinthe country of residenceover thelegallimit,become illegaloverstayers.The so-calledillegal immigrationbyindividual spontaneouscross the border illegally,orthrough an intermediary(often calledsnakehead)organization,crossed theborder,customsinother countries,is the so-calledstowaway. Illegal immigration problemlong-standing,sincethe emergence of the modernnation-state,sovereignty and nationalconsciousnesshas been strengthened,appeared more andmore tightcitizenshipandimmigrationmanagement mechanism,the issue of illegal immigrationalsoappearedasbody of unity of opposites.Nineteen eightiesbeganthe process of globalizationis accelerated ceaselessly,a large number of developingChinesehomeenergetically open up international market,greatly contributed to theglobal economic andsocial integration.Withthis process,the internationalimmigrantsbegan to increase.Because ofthe existingof unreasonableinternational economic order,increasingthe gap between developing and developed countries,the worldwidepolarizationphenomenon is serious with each passing day,the international fight against terrorismand politicalneedsof the developed countriesfurther tightening ofimmigration policy,a series ofreason makescurrent worldpresentsincreasingtrendof illegal immigrants,on national security,social stability andinternational relations of thelong-term developmenthasa direct or indirect impact.Illegal immigrationhasbecome an internationally recognizednon traditional securityone of the importantfactors,caused bysome countries and regionsthe focus of attention. In recent decades,international politics,economic situation changesrapidly,the worldwidepopulation floatinginfluence.According to the International LabourOrganization statistics,in 1970the global migrationfor the number 82000000,currently has about 190000000 people,hasa substantial rise in thetrend of.Manycountries face enormousmigration pressure.Due toconcerns overimmigrationpopulation managementis out of control andinfluence the socialstability and security,governments of all countriesto take more stringentmeasures.Butthese unilateralmeasuresinstead of reducingimmigration pressures,but theundergroundillegal immigrationactivities haveexpanded and increased,smugglingand illegal immigrationin the global contextpresents atrend of expansion. Illegal immigrationphenomenon intensifies themain motiveTothe scope of the current globalillegal immigrationexpansion is the result ofmultiple and complex,with bothinternationalbackground effect,also have economicdevelopmenttrend,and national policy,social factorsorientedcatalysis,comprehensivefactorslead tothe issue of illegal immigrationexpansion.(a)globalizationdevelopment form theexterior environment(two)the imbalance of economic developmentprovided inherent power(three)national policy elementproduces a reboundeffect Illegalimmigrant groupsto expandthe main influence Illegal immigrationin the worldwidespreadof international politics,economyexpands,order,international cooperation,foreign relations andnational management functionshave brought greatnegative effect,andtriggered a series of problemsrelated tothe safety and stability of the society,makes peopleworried,it isin many countries,more and more attention tothemain reason forillegal immigrants.(a)cause the publicto xenophobia,potentialthreats to public safetyand social stability(two)challengethe laws of the state,weakenthe authority of the government(three)contradiction interweave,increasedcounterterrorism operationscomplexity(four)theasylumsystemimpact Illegal immigrationis a global problem,in a world of increasingintegrationdevelopment,preventing and combating illegal immigration,developed countries anddevelopingcountriesneedsincere international cooperation.The spirit of shared responsibility,mutual support,respect for sovereignty,administer thoroughly principle,to establish a stable,effective law system andoperation mechanism,widenthe