高考英语阅读理解精英训练精品题（4）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练精品题（4）及答案passage seventeen (a strong stock market) the increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the federal reserve board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market. naturally, such a move had a momentarily chilling effect upon prices but if the frb had been preoccupied with undue speculation, the increase might have been to the 80% or even 90% level. such an increases in the margin rate is a confirmation of a strong stock market and since 19,such increases have resulted in interim market highs over twelve months later. obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism. the margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part. in past investment letters we have voiced the thought that speciality stocks could outperform the general market from this point. we continue to believe that this could be the case. for example, steel stocks tend to sell at certain fixed price/earnings ratios. below a certain ratio they are considered good valueabove a certain ratio, overpriced. if a company produces a unique product it is far more difficult for market analysis to place a numerical ratio upon the companys earnings. we have also contended in the past letters that the stock market reflects mass psychology as well as the business outlook. when investorsboth the public and the institutionsare nervous and pessimistic they definitely hesitate to buy stocks: they seek low price/earnings multiples and high yields. these same investorswhen they are in an optimistic frame of mindbecome for less preoccupied with yields and more wiling to pay a premium(high p/e multiples) for accelerated growth. if the publics attitude towards the auto industry is any measure, then this period seems to have been one of optimism.1. the title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is a. a time to sell stock. . a strong stock marketc. raising the margin rate c. price/earnings ratio in steel2. when investors are pessimistic what do they do?a. they look to the frb for help. . they buy steelc. they buy automobile stocks. d. they look for high yields.3. why does the writer believe that speciality stocks could outperform the general market?a. because analysis have difficulty in deciding upon a fixed price/earnings ratio. because the activity had been limited to blue chips.c. because the rise was conservative.d. because of the frb action.4. when investors are optimistic, what do they do?a. they look for accelerated growth. . they buy speciality stocks.c. they look for high yields. c. they are more prudent.vocabulary1. margin rate 保证金率，边际比率2. rampant 无约束力，猖獗的，蔓延的3. stem 遏制4. stem from 滋长，源自5. underpin 加强基础，支持6. underpinning 支持物，基础（建筑物下的）7. preoccupy 先占，使专心于，吸引住8. undue 过分的，非法的，不适当的9. interim 间歇；暂时的，间歇的10. guideline 方针，指导路线11. underscore 在下面划线，强调12. point up 加强，强调13. bluechip 兰筹股票14. blue-chip 兰筹的15. outperform 在使用上胜过16. overprice 将标价过高17. numerical ratio 数率，数字比率18. earnings 收益，利润，收入19. contend 竞争，坚决主张，争论20. premium 佣金，酬金难句译注1. the increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the federal reserve board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market.结构简析 是notbut句型，两个破折号中间是插入成分；中插入一个带with+n+participle 短语参考译文 保证金率从50%增长到70%，并不是想要遏制群众方面猖獗的投机，而是联邦储备委员会想要保持现存于股市强劲基础事实上股市由于群众非常庄严的参与在技术上看起来相当强劲。2. obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism.结构简析 复合句。中间有插入语if clause, 进一步说明条件。参考译文 显然，不可能保证这种情况再次出现（情况再是这样）。可是，如果历史具有指导方针的话如果商业和公司的利润仍然保持在同样轨道上那么对股市前景乐观似乎要比悲观更精确些。3. the margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part.结构简析 这句句子内有四个that clause：第一个that是good rise的定语从句。第二个和第三个that都是the fact that句型。但第二个the fact that中，as long as it was, 指头一年，pointed up是谓语。第四个是in that连词，义：因为。写作方法与文章大意 文章论述“强劲证券市场”的种种情况。首先是联邦储备委员会为保持强股市基础要求保证金率增长。这种增长过去，现在，将来都能巩固强市。其次由于绝大部分集中在兰筹股上，使股市看好上升趋于保守，引出行业股比普通股吃香。最后是投资者心情和股市强弱有关。答案祥解1. b. 强劲证券市场（强市）。见难句译注1和第一段第三句：“那种保证金率的增长有力的巩固了强劲证券市场。从19年起，这种增长导致一年来股市屡创新高。a. 买出股票的时候。 c. 提高保证金率。 d. 钢的市盈率。这三项都不对，它们只是文中涉及的方面。2. d. 他寻找高业绩（即公司的产量或投资收益）。见文章倒数第三句：“当投资者公众和团体机构紧张而又悲观时，他们肯定在买进股票上举棋不定；他们寻求低价格/利润倍数和高额利润。a. 他们寻求联邦储备委员会的帮助。 b. 他们买进钢材。 c. 他们买进汽车股票。3. a. 因为在决定定价/利润比上难以分析。见第二段第二句：“在过去的投资保证上我们一直表达了这样的思想：行业股票在使用上可能超过普通股。我们依然相信情况可能就是这样。举例说：钢股往往在一定价格/利润比上抛出。低于一定比率，可认为股是好价值，而高于一定比率就是超价。如果一个公司就生产独一无二的产品，那市场分析就很难对公司所得定出数比。“b. 因为股市活动受兰筹股所限。 c. 因为行情上升保守。这两项见难句译注3。 d. 由于联邦储备基金会的行动。4. a. 他们寻求加速的增长。见文章倒数第二句：“同样是这些股民，当投资者（对股市前景）持乐观态度时，他们不太关注（公司的）业绩（产值）而愿意以高价来购买具有高成长性的股票。”阅读理解-c.dubai boasts(夸口) that it has just built a “new global landmark”-the dubai tower, which stands 512.1 meters high now and has just become the tallest building in the world. the dubai tower now surpasses taiwans taipei 101, which is 508 meters tall, and has 141 storeys, more than any other building in the world. the dubai tower, being built by south koreas samsung corporation and scheduled for completion next year, is one of a series of great projects taking shape in dubai. the final projected height of the tower has remained a secret since the project was launched in january 2004; however, it is rumored that the tower will be more than 700 meters tall and have more than 160 storeys.来源:z_xx_k.com the dubai tower has become the tallest building in the world in just 1,276 days, leaving behind other tall buildings. the dubai tower will house 30,000 apartments in addition to the worlds largest shopping mall. it is the centerpiece(重要工程) of the 20-billion-dollar venture. another venture gradually emerging across the desert sands is dubailand, a series of multi-billion-dollar projects claimed to be the middle easts very own orlando. dubai also paid 100 million dollars to buy the queen elizabeth ii, one of the worlds superb cruise liners(游轮), which it plans to turn into a luxury floating hotel. faced with decreasing oil wealth, the western-oriented emirate(酋长国) has raced to turn itself into a business and leisure hub and it aims to more than double the number of tourists to 15 million by 2015.63. the underlined word “surpasses” in the second paragraph means_.a. is equal to b. matches c. is left behind by d. is higher than64. which building was the tallest in the world before the dubai tower began to be built?a. dubai land b. orlando c. taiwans taipei 101 d. the twin towers65. why has the western-oriented emirate paid more attention to becoming a business and leisure center?a. because it wants to attract more tourists to its places of interest.b. because it produces less oil than ever.c. because it aims to race with other countries to show its wealth.d. because it wants to set a new world record.66. which of the following statements about the dubai tower is true according the passage ?a. the dubai tower is 508 meters tall and has more than 141 storeys.b. the final height of the dubai tower is over 700 meters tall.c. samsung corporation has completed building the dubai tower.d. the dubai tower has apartments and a shopping mall.【参考答案】63-66 dcbd阅读理解-d the common cold is the worlds most widespread illness, which is a plague that man receives. the most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. they are not. they are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. you catch a cold by coming into contact directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. if cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the eskimos to suffer from them forever. but they do not. and in isolated arctic regions, explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contract again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes. during the first world war, soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches, cold and wet, seldom caught colds. in the second world war, prisoners at auschwitz concentration camp, naked and starved, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. at the common cold research unit in england, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. after taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a room. some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose. if then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in winter? despite the most hard research, no one