云南省德宏州梁河县第一中学高中英语 Unit 1 Great scientists课件 新人教版必修5.ppt

unit1greatscientistswarmingup guessinggame whoishe hehasmadeafamouskiteexperiment helearnedalotfromitandinventedlightningrod 避雷针 heis benjaminfranklin neverleavethatuntiltomorrow whichyoucandotoday 今日事 今日毕 whoishe heiscalledthegreatestscientistinthe20thcentury heisfamousforthetheoryofrelativity heis alberteinstein imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge 想象力比知识更重要 imaginative whoishe hemadethefirsttelescopeintheworld hisobservationsshowthattheearthmovesaroundthesun heis galileogalilei youcannotteachamananything youcanonlyhelphimfinditwithinhimself 你不可能把一切都教给一个人 你只能帮助他从内心去发现 和了解 事物 1 whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat archimedes 287 212bc anancientgreekmathematician physicist 2 whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged charlesdarwin 1808 1882 britishauthoroftheoriginofspecies 3 whoinventedthefirststeamengine thomasnewcomen mariecurie nothinginlifeistobefeared itisonlytobeunderstood 生活中没有什么可怕的东西 只有需要理解的东西 5 whodiscoveredradium thepowerofradium thomasalvaedison geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety ninepercentperspiration 天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上百分之一的灵感 6 whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities theinventionsofthomasedison phonograph 留声机 lightbulb 电灯泡 motionpictures 电影 7 whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople leonardodavinci 1452 1519 italianartist lastsupper monalisa 9 whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened zhangheng seismograph 10 whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackhole stephenhawking 1942 british abriefhistoryoftime drawaconclusion theyall madeagreatcontribution madegreatachievements succeededintheirscientificcareer overcomemanydifficulties 遗传学电浮力定理镭进化论画家蒸汽机矿工安全灯黑洞理论地动仪 阿基米德archimedes达尔文charlesdarwin纽可门thomasnewcomen孟德尔gregormendel居里夫人mariecurie爱迪生thomasedison达芬奇leonardodevinci汉弗来 戴维爵士sirhumphrydavy张衡zhangheng斯蒂芬 霍金stephenhawking matchthenamesandwhattheyfamousfor 1 discover inventinventv 发明 发明原先不存在的东西whoinventedthesteamengine 谁发明了蒸汽机 discoverv 发现 探索或揭示早就客观存在着事物columbusdiscoveredamericain1492 哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲 whodiscoveredradium 谁发现了镭 languagepoints 5 whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities 是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法 thewayofdoingsth thewaytodo 做 的方法 sheshowedusthewayofcleaningit sheshowedusthewaytocleanit 她给我们示范清洗它的办法 theway引导的定语从句的引导词有三种 可以用that 可以用inwhich 还可以省略 unit1greatscientistsreading 高二人教新课标版必修五 pre reading 1 whatimpressesyoumostin2003 whichpersonimpressesyoumostduringthesars whatotherinfectiousdiseasesdoyouknow forexample whenyoueatsomefoodthatisnotfresh youmayfeel maybeyouhavegot cholera drawaconclusion thinkofamethod collectresults makeaquestion findaproblem analysetheresults findsupportingevidence findaproblem makeaquestion thinkofamethod collectresults analysetheresults drawaconclusion howtoproveanewideainscientificresearch findsupportingevidence johnsnowdefeats kingcholera reading johnsnowdefeats kingcholera whatcanyoulearnfromthetitle 人物 事件 defeatscholera whoisjohnsnow whathappenedtothem queenvictoria johnsnow约翰 斯诺 1813 1858 英国麻醉学家 流行病专家 他首次提出了预防霍乱的措施 1854年 伦敦霍乱流行 斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常生活情况 寻找到他们的共同行为模式 发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系 由于及时切断了二者的联系 有效制止了霍乱的流行 fouroutbreaksofcholerainthe1830sand1840skilledmanypeopleinengland in1854 themostterribleoutbreakofcholerawhicheveroccurredinthekingdom began itwassoviolentandsuddenthat127peoplediedinthefirstthreedays theterriblecholera bacteria germsofcholera whatwasthecauseofthisillness howdidjohnsnowfinditout skimthetextandfindthemainideaofthetext thepassageismainlyabout howjohnsnowfoundthecauseofthecholeraanddefeatedit fast reading readthepassagequicklyandfindthenumberbelowandtherelevanthappeningsinthepassage thefirstsuggestedthat multipliedintheair thesecondsuggested absorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals anotheroutbreakhitlondon morethan500peoplehaddiedin10days thesenumbersinbroadstreetnearthewaterpumphadmanyofthedeaths 20and21broadstreetand8and9cambridgestreethadnodeaths theydidn tdrinkthewaterfromthebroadstreetpump thesefamiliesworkedinthepubat7cambridgestreet 16 37 20 8 9 pump 38 40 broadstreet cambridgestreet 21 johnsnow scholeramap 7 pub whatistheproblem thecholerawasthemostdeadlydiseaseofitsday neitheritscause noritscurewasunderstood whatcausedcholera makeaquestion whichtheorytobelievein idea1 idea2 choleramultipliedintheairwithoutreason acloudofdangerousgaswouldfloatarounduntilitfounditsvictims peopleabsorbeditwiththeirmeals whichonedoyoubelievemore whataboutjohnsnow amapofbroadstreet whatmethoddidheuse broadstreet manydeathshappenedhere nodeathhappenedhere itseemedthewaterfromthepumpwastoblame whatdidhedonext publichouse para6 whatwasanothersupportingevidence para5 helookedintothesourceofthewater johnsnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus readthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened johnsnowbegantotesttwotheories anoutbreakofcholerahitlondonin1854 heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease johnsnowmarkedthedeathsonamap 2 1 4 7 careful reading kingcholerawasdefeated hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump johnsnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere 3 8 5 6 whatcausecholera whichtheoryiscorrect collectdataonthosewhowereillordiedandwheretheygottheirwater fillintheblanks plotinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie analysethewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness findotherevidencetosupporttheanalysis thewateristoblame thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedsothatitissafe matchthem para7 preventionofcholera 1 johnsnowbelievedidea2wasright howdidhefinallyproveit key johnsnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater readandanswerthequestions 2 doyouthinkjohnsnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutthemap giveareason key no themaphelpedjohnsnoworganizehisideas hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater drinkinghabits heidentifiedthosehousesthathadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause 3 cholerawasa19thcenturydisease whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday key fourdiseases whicharesimilartoday aresars aids tb 肺结核 andbird flu becausetheyarebothveryserious haveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem 1 thepassagemainlytellsusthat thecauseofcholerawaspollutedwaterb johnsnowwasawell knowndoctorinlondonc thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedd johnsnowdidsomeresearchandhelpedtosolve kingcholera choosethebestanswer d 2 whatwasthekeyhelpforjohnsnow sdiscovery a thegovernment b thewomanmovingawayfrombroadstreet c thewatercompany d themapmadebyhimself d summary johnsnowwasawell known inlondoninthe century hewantedtofindthe ofcholerainorderto it in1854whenacholera out hebegantogatherinformation doctor 19th cause defeat broke he onamapwhereallthedeadpeoplehadlivedandhefoundthatmanypeoplewhohaddrunkthedirtywaterfromthe died sohedecidedthatthepollutedwatercarriedcholera hesuggestedthatthe ofallwatersupplybe andnewmethodsof withpollutedwaterbefound finally kingcholera wasdefeated marked pump source examined dealing whatshouldwepayattentiontoinourdailylifeinordernottogetinfectedwithcholera healthefoodleftovernight cookrawfoodthoroughly washhandsoften keepawayfromflies choosefreshseafood keepthekitchenclean disposerubbishproperly drinkboiledwater discussion 1 knowabout了解有关 的情况 knowof听说过 1 有些事我想了解一下 thereissomethingiwanttoknowabout 2 我听说过那件事 但不很清楚 iknowofit butididn tknowitwell languagepoints 2 conclude v 作结论 断定thejuryconcludedthathewasguilty 陪审团认定他有罪 toconclude 总而言之 总之toconclude iwanttothankyouforyourhelp conclusion n 结论 得出结论 arriveatdraw reachcometo aconclusion 1 那些都是事实 你能从中得出什么结论 thosearethefacts whatdoyouconcludefromthem 2 我得出结论你在说谎 icameto drew reachedtheconclusiontheconclusionthatyouwerelying 3 根据这些事实 我们能对金字塔是如何建成的得出一些结论 fromthesefacts wecandrawsomeconclusionsabouthowthepyramidswerebuilt 3 defeatv n hedefeatedthechampioninthreesets hiswordscompletelydefeatedme thepartyfacesdefeatintheelection 击败 战胜 使困惑 win beat defeatwin 赢得 获胜 后接奖品 奖金 名誉 财产beat 击败 战胜 后接竞争队伍或者对手 敌人defeat 击败 战胜 后接竞争队伍或者对手 敌人 此用法同beat 疾病等 1 mary thefirstplaceinthecompetition 2 ourschool theirschoolatfootball 3 i johnatchessyesterday won beat defeated beat defeated 4 johnsnowwasafamousdoctorinlondon soexpert indeed thatbeattendedqueenvictoriaasherpersonalphysician 约翰 斯诺曾经是一位著名的医生 他的确医术精湛 因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫 1 expertn 专家 高手 权威anagriculturalexpert农业专家anexpertwiththecomputer电脑高手 expert也可以作形容词 熟练的 老练的 经验 或知识 丰富的 anexpertrider熟练的骑手anexpertopinion内行的意见 照看 照料如 医生照看病人 thedoctorattended on upon thepatients 出席 到场如 attendschool上学attendalecture听讲座attendchurch去教堂attend at awedding出席婚礼 2 attendv 注意 留意如 we llattendtothesolutionofthatproblemlater attendto处理 办理我有许多事情要处理 照顾 照料先生 有人接待你吗 areyoubeingattendedto ifyougoout i llattendtothebaby 专心 注意ifyoudon tattendtotheteacher you llneverlearnanything attendancen 照顾 出席 ihavesomeimportantthingstoattendto 5 buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera exposedtocholera在句子中是过去分词用作后置定语 表示被动 意为 患霍乱的 如 thebookwrittenbyluxunisverypopular 鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的 昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生 themanseenbyusyesterdayisprofessorsmith 发散思维 exposedadj 暴露的 暴露于风雨中的 无掩蔽的exposednessn 暴露 显露 开放思维 exposeto使易受 使受exposesthtothelightofday把某事暴露于光天化日之下exposeafraud揭穿骗局 1 milesofsandareexposedatlowtide 2 thepeopleofsomeasiancountrieswereexposedtothetsunamiin2004 3 heexposedthecrimetothepolice 4 heexposedtheplantothenewspsper touncover tomakesuffer tomakeknown 5 thewolfopeneditsmouthto arowofsharpteeth 6 don t yourskintothesun yourskinwillbehurt expose expose 6 thiswasthedeadlydiseaseofitsday die v dead adj death n deadlyadj 1 dangerous likelytocausedeath危险的 致命的adeadlydisease weapon 2 highlyeffectiveagainststh orsomeone强有力的 致命的adeadlyremark击中要害的评论 3 aimingtokillordestroy意在杀死的 不共戴天的 adeadlyenemy不共戴天的敌人deadlyadv 1 very极度 非常 十分deadlyserious十分认真 2 likedeath死一般地deadlypale死一般苍白 7 somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak everytime在这里是连词 引导时间状语从句 意为 每次 每当 e g everytimeimeethim ialwaysthinkofthethingshappenedbetweenus 每次见到他 我就想起发生在我们之间的事情 注意 immediately themoment directly instantly等与everytime一样 都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句 意为 一 就 如 iwillgivethelettertohimimmediatelyiseehim 我一见到他就把这封信给他 icamedirectlyigotyourletter 我一接到你的信就来了 8 thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals absorb into吸收如 e g thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization 这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了 absorbv 1 吸收 液体 waterabsorbsoxygen 2 thecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgehisteachercouldgivehim 3 thebookabsorbedhisattention 4 thesurroundingsmalltownshavebeenabsorbedintothecity 理解 接受 吸引 注意力 兴趣等 使并入 吞并 beabsorbedin 被 吸引 专心于 全神贯注于某事如 heisabsorbedinhisbook thelittlegirlwasabsorbedinreadingatale suggest经常有 建议 的意思 但在这个句子里的意思是 暗示间接表明 如 thedisorganizedmeetingsuggestedbadpreparation 混乱的会场表明准备工作很差 suggest还有 建议 的意思 在后文中有体现 topreventthisfromhappeningagain johnsnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined 为防止这种情况再度发生 isuggestedthatheshouldgiveupsmoking 我建议他戒烟 thechairmansuggestedthemeetingbeputoffuntilnextweek 主席建议会议延迟到下周举行 suggest后面还可以接 ing形式或名词 如 shesuggestedapicnicattheweekend 她提议周末去野餐 kanesuggestedleavingearlyfortheairport 凯恩提议早些发去机场 他发现在两条街道上霍乱流行的特别厉害 在十天之内就死去了五百多人 9 intwoparticularstreets thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplehaddiedin10days severeadj 1 unsparingorharsh asintreatmentofothers strict严厉的 苛刻的 严格的 如 theseveretrainerhasgoneabroad youcanbreathefreelyagain 2 causingsharpdiscomfortordistress extremelyviolentorintense veryserious 剧痛的 剧烈的 严重的 难熬的如 asevereattackoftoothache 要求苛严的教官已经出国 你可以完全放心 牙痛的剧烈发作 这张地图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索 10 thisgavehimavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthedisease valuable 1 adj worthofalotofmoney值钱的 贵重的如 thewatchisvaluable 这表很值钱 avaluablediamond 贵重的钻石 2 adj havinggreatusefulnessorvalue如 valuableinformation 3 n 常用复数形式 sththatworthalotofmoney如 cathykepthervaluablesinasafe 重大的消息 凯西把她的贵重物品藏在保险箱里 泵 油泵 气泵 抽水机 打气筒 11 pump 12 itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame 看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了 be 动词不定式 可以表示该做或不该做的事情 相当于must should oughtto等 如 nooneistoleavethisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthepolice 没有警察的允许谁也不准离开这栋楼 youarenottodroplitterinthepark 公园里不允许乱丢纸屑 受到责备 主动表被动 13 next johnsnowlookedintothesourceofthewaterforthesetwostreets 其次 约翰 斯诺调查了这两条街的水源 lookinto往 里面看 toinvestigate检查 了解 如 we lllookintothismattertogether 我们将一起调查这个问题 开放思维 lookon观看 面向 旁观 看待lookout面朝 留神 照料lookover从上面看 察看 检查lookaround环顾 观光 察看lookthrough看穿 审核 浏览 温习lookupanddown仔细打量 到处寻找lookafter寻求 照顾 关心 14 handlen 柄 把手 handlev choosethecorrectexplanations 1 mshawkins thechiefaccountantofthecompanyhandlesthecompany saccounts 2 thechildrenaresonaughtythatican thandlethem 3 shehandledadifficultargumentskillfully c f e 4 handlechildrenkindly ifyouwantthemtotrustyou 5 thisshophandlespaperandstatione