高中英语 Unit 2 Healthy eating Grammar Word同步讲练 新人教版必修3.doc

unit 2 healthy eating grammar word 情态动词（二）【语境展示一】 观察下面图画，并试着归纳ought to与should的用法。【自我归纳一】ought to 与should的意思大致相同，都表示 “义务、要求或劝告”，只是ought to比should的语气稍重一些。【拓展一】ought to的否定结构是oughtnt to或ought not to。如：you oughtnt / ought not to leave in such a hurry.【语境展示二】 观察下面图画，并试着归纳must与have to的用法。【自我归纳二】must 与have to 都表示“必须”，但must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to 表示的是客观需要，有“不得不”的含义。【拓展二】must的否定形式must not / mustnt 表示“不应该，不可以，不准，禁止”在回答must的问句时，否定式常用need not / neednt或dont have to 表示“不必”。如： you must not drive without a license. its against the law. must i eat here?no, you neednt. / no, you dont have to. 【语境展示三】 观察下面图画，并试着归纳“情态动词+have done”结构的用法。【自我归纳三】 should have done 表示“本应该做而实际上没做”，其否定形式shouldnt have done表示“_”；neednt have done表示“过去不必做而实际上已经做了”；must have done 表示“过去一定做了”。【拓展三】 1. could have done表示“过去本来能够做某事而实际上没有做”。如：he could have escaped, but he chose to stand and fight. 2. may / might have done表示对已经发生过的情况的肯定推测，语气稍弱。might have done还可表示“本可能做某事而实际上没有做”。如：jane didnt come on time. she may / might have missed the bus.he might have given you more help, but he was very busy then.【即学即练】i. 选用方框内所给的情态动词填空。must; oughtnt to; dont have to; couldnt; mustnt; neednt; cant; have to1. you _ go on working because you look so tired now. 2. the weather turned out to be fine yesterday. i _ have taken the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. 3. li hua _ pass an examination before he can start work.4. you _ come to the meeting if youre too busy.5. you _ play now! you shall finish your homework first! 6. i know things are hard with you, but you _ try to get over the difficulties.7. i didnt see her at the meeting this morning; she _ have spoken at the meeting.8. you _ imagine what difficulty we had walking home in the snowstorm.ii. 根据汉语提示，将下列句子补充完整。1. we _ _ _ (本应该到达) at lunchtime but our flight was late.2. mark _ _ _ (本不需要着急). after running all the way, he arrived ten minutes early.3. the teacher did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _ _ _ _ _ (本可以用不同的方式表达).iii. 从括号内选择合适的内容完成下面对话。a husband (h) and wife (w) are driving to a party and are lost. w: were lost. and we dont even have a map. you 1. _ (should take / should have taken) a map. h: i didnt think we were going to need one. i 2. _ (must have made / should have made) a wrong turn. w: do we need to stop and ask for directions?h: no, we 3. _ (mustnt / dont have to). we 4. _ (can / must) use the cell phone and call the allens and ask them how to get to their house. w: ok.h: lets see. i thought i had the cell phone in my pocket. i 5. _ (cant / ought to) find it. i 6. _ (must leave / must have left) it at home.w: no, you didnt leave it at home. ive got it here in my purse. oh, no. it is out of power. we 7. _ (have to / may) look for a pay phone. do you have any change?h: i just have dollar bills.w: you 8. _ (should have taken / must have taken) some change with you. h: oh, its my fault. w: watch out! you 9. _ (might have hit / must have hit) that car. h: i wasnt going to hit that car. i didnt come anywhere close to it. w: anyway we 10. _ (ought to / can) be careful. 参考答案【自我归纳三】本不应该做而实际上做了 【即学即练】i. 1. oughtnt to 2. neednt 3. has to 4. neednt / dont have to5. mustnt / oughtnt to 6. must 7. couldnt / cant 8. cantii. 1. should have arrived 2. neednt have hurried 3. could have expressed