2014冀教版八年级上册英语字词复习.doc

1 说明说明 7 第一编第一编单元视角单元视角 8 1 八上八上 UNIT1 8 1 1 1 Play 体育运动 he 乐器 8 1 1 2 Encourage sb to do sth 8 1 1 3 Discuss sth with sb 8 1 1 4 Feel lucky to 8 1 1 5 Starting doing sth 8 1 1 6 I have the pleasure of 8 1 1 7 Invite sb to do sth 8 2 八上八上 UNIT2 8 2 1 1 Good 8 2 1 2 Make 8 2 1 3 Besides 除了什么之外 还有 except整体中排除一部分之后剩余的部分 9 2 1 4 See sb do sth doing sth 9 2 1 5 Help sb with sth help sb with sth 9 2 1 6 Have to 客观上的必须 有事态变化 must 主观上的必须 无时态变化 9 2 1 7 Seem 9 2 1 8 Work on project 9 2 1 9 Shout at 怒喊 shout to sb向sb大喊以提醒 9 2 1 10 How long 延续的时间 how often 发生的频率 how many times 多少次 how soon多久 9 2 1 11 Have been in已经在某地一段时间了 Have been to 去某地 已经回来了 have gone to去某地 还没回来 9 2 1 12 Remind sb of sth remind that 9 3 八上八上 UNIT 3 9 3 1 1 Like to do doing 9 3 1 2 Let s 包含听话人 let us 不含听话人 9 3 1 3 Think 9 3 1 4 Pass sb sth 10 3 1 5 Take a deep breath 10 3 1 6 Blew out 10 4 八上八上 UNIT 4 10 4 1 1 Complete adj 完整的 VT 完成 finish VT 完成 10 4 1 2 Show sb sth 10 4 1 3 On one s way to 10 4 1 4 Point at侧重指向的对象 to 侧重方向 10 4 1 5 Prefer 10 4 1 6 Across from 对面 She sat across from me 她坐在我的对面 10 4 1 7 Cross VT across prep 10 4 1 8 Not until 直到 才 We cannot leave until your work is finished 11 4 1 9 Be Filled with被动语态 full of主动语态 11 5 八上八上 UNIT5 11 5 1 1 Be nice to善待 11 5 1 2 Take step to 11 5 1 3 A fear of afraid of 害怕 11 5 1 4 Around the world环游世界 11 5 1 5 Be sure 确信 11 5 1 6 Advice 11 5 1 7 Opposite 11 5 1 8 Play with fire 玩火 12 5 1 9 Wish you good luck 祝你好运 12 5 1 10 Sell well畅销 12 5 1 11 So many那么多的 So much这么 非常 达到这种程度 12 5 1 12 run a business 12 5 1 13 Achieve a goal Keep a goal 12 5 1 14 Strict with sb in sth 12 5 1 15 Punish sb for sth punish sb by sth 12 5 1 16 No matter what 12 6 八上八上 UNIT 6 12 6 1 1 In the 年代s 在 年代 12 6 1 2 Be born出生 形成 12 6 1 3 Be able to can 12 6 1 4 imagine v 12 6 1 5 Stay up late 13 6 1 6 Allow 及物动词 允许 13 7 八上八上 UNIT7 14 7 1 词语辨析 14 7 1 1 Common k m n adj 和as usual 14 7 1 2 Exercise和exercises 14 7 1 3 Health n healthy adj healthily adv 14 7 1 4 Living alive lively 14 7 1 5 Outdoors Outdoor 14 7 1 6 Not only but also 15 7 1 7 Be made of Be made from 15 7 1 8 Do with deal with 15 7 1 9 Real 真实 与虚构相对 true 正确 与错误相对 15 7 1 10 Win 赢得 beat 打败 15 7 1 11 Used to do be used to doing be used to do 15 7 1 12 Instead instead of 15 7 2 单词短语 WORD problem 19 8 1 2 Person people man 19 8 1 3 Accept v 接受 承认 同意 receive vt 受到 得到 v 收到 接到 19 8 1 4 Because conj 因为 because of 介词短语 19 8 1 5 In class 在课堂上 in the class 在班级里 19 8 1 6 Go to college 上大学 go to the college 到特定的某所大学去办事 19 8 1 7 Take part in join join in 19 8 2 单词短语句式 WORD neither every each 25 1 3 2 表示可数名词复数含义 Both all many a few some 25 1 3 3 表示不可数名词含义 a Little much some 25 2 语法专题语法专题 冠词冠词 26 2 1 冠词概述 冠词概述 26 2 2 基础知识梳理基础知识梳理 26 2 2 1 不定冠词a an的用法 26 2 2 2 定冠词the的用法 27 2 2 3 不用冠词的情况 27 2 2 4 在某些名词前用冠词或不用冠词 其意义有所不同 如 28 2 2 5 常见的冠词短语 28 3 语法专题语法专题 系动词系动词 29 3 1 1 概述 29 3 2 表状态变化的系动词 GO TURN BECOME GET COME 29 3 2 1 become 和get主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化 29 3 2 2 grow 主要表示逐渐变化 强调变化的过程 例 29 3 2 3 go 和come 前者主要指一种由强到弱或由好到坏的变化 后者则主要指向好的方面变化 例 30 3 2 4 go turn 30 3 3 表示感觉的系动词 LOOK SOUND TASTE SMELL FEEL 30 3 4 表示不确定判断的系动词 APPEAR SEEM 30 3 5 表状态延续的系动词 KEEP STAY REMAIN 30 4 语法专题语法专题 不定式不定式 31 4 1 概念 31 4 2 用法 31 4 2 1 不带to的情况 31 4 2 2 充当主语 31 4 2 3 充当宾语 31 4 2 4 充当定语 32 4 2 5 充当状语 32 4 2 6 充当补 表 语 32 5 语法专题语法专题 从句从句 33 5 1 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 33 5 2 定语从句 33 5 3 状语从句 33 5 4 时态的一致 33 6 人体动作类单词人体动作类单词 35 6 1 说 SPEAK TALK TELL SAY 35 6 2 看 WATCH LOOK SEE READ 35 6 3 听 LISTEN HEAR 35 6 4 问 ASK 35 6 5 FEAR 37 6 6 LIKE LOVE 37 6 7 ALONE LONELY 37 7 词语辨析词语辨析 38 7 1 SOMETIMES SOMETIME SOME TIMES SOMETIME 38 7 2 SOMEDAY 将来某天 ONE DAY 之前某天 THE OTHER DAY 前几天 38 7 3 IN THE FUTURE IN FUTURE 38 7 4 穿 DRESS VT 动态 宾语为人 PUT ON VT 动态 宾语为衣服 WEAR VT 穿着 静态 VT IN PREP 静态 穿着 38 7 5 SPEND 钱 时间 PAY 钱 TAKE 时间 COST 钱 38 7 6 HOPE WISH 38 7 7 BEFORE AGO 39 7 8 BRING 取来 TAKE 带走 GET FETCH 去取来 CARRY 携带 39 7 9 HOWEVER BUT 39 7 10 FINALLY AT LAST IN THE END 39 7 11 FIX MEND REPAIR MEND 修补 FIX REPAIR REPAIR大件东西 39 7 12 POST MAIL SEND邮寄 39 7 13 GET ARRIVE MEET 39 7 14 WISE CLEVER BRIGHT 39 7 15 出行方式 TAKE BY ON IN 40 8 重要的副词辨析重要的副词辨析 1 8 1 比较级前的修饰语 副词词性 1 8 2 ALMOST NEARLY几乎 1 8 3 WHOLE ALL 全部的 整个 1 8 4 频度副词ALL THE TIME ALWAYS USUALLY OFTEN SOMETIMES NEVER 1 9 英语常用语英语常用语 2 9 1 不客气 2 9 1 1 You are welcome 2 9 1 2 It s my pleasure 2 9 1 3 That s all right 2 9 1 4 Not at all 2 9 1 5 That s ok 2 1 说明 这个小册子是为了帮助我家小孩期末复习而整理的 水平有限 错误不足必然存在 请大家多批评指正 我的邮箱 sunjr 谢谢 第一编单元视角 1 八上 Unit1 1 1 1 Play 体育运动 he 乐器 1 1 2 Encourage sb to do sth 1 1 3 Discuss sth with sb新 课 标 第 一 网 1 1 4 Feel lucky to 1 1 5 Starting doing sth 1 1 6 I have the pleasure of 1 1 7 Invite sb to do sth 2 八上 Unit2 2 1 1 Good Good at 擅长 good for sb 对 sb 有好处 good to b 对 sb 有善意 good with sth 善于应对 sth 2 1 2 Make a Make sb do sth 某人做某事 He made me wait for 2 hours b Make sb sth n 让某人 物成为 We make Tim our leader c Make sb sth adj 让某人 物在某种状态 Do not make our room dirty d Make friends with sb 和某人交朋友 e 制造 Take a kite for me 2 1 3 Besides 除了什么之外 还有 except 整体中排除一部分之后剩余的部分 2 1 4 See sb do sth doing sth 2 1 5 Help sb with sth help sb with sth 2 1 6 Have to 客观上的必须 有事态变化 must 主观上的必须 无时态变化 2 1 7 Seem 2 1 8 Work on project 2 1 9 Shout at 怒喊 shout to sb 向 sb 大喊以提醒 2 1 10 How long 延续的时间 how often 发生的频率 how many times 多少次 how soon 多久 2 1 11 Have been in 已经在某地一段时间了 Have been to 去某地 已经回来了 have gone to 去某地 还没回来 2 1 12 Remind sb of sth remind that 3 八上 UNIT 3 3 1 1 Like to do doing 3 1 2 Let s 包含听话人 let us 不含听话人 3 1 3 Think Think of 提出 想起 Think about 考虑 回想起 认为 We are thinking about having a meeting 我们正在考虑开会 I think about my college life 我会想起大学生活 What do you think think of about the film 您怎么看这部电影 3 1 4 Pass sb sth 3 1 5 Take a deep breath 3 1 6 Blew out 4 八上 UNIT 4 4 1 1 Complete adj 完整的 VT 完成 finish VT 完成 4 1 2 Show sb sth 4 1 3 On one s way to 4 1 4 Point at 侧重指向的对象 to 侧重方向 4 1 5 Prefer would prefer 宁愿 更喜欢 prefer to do 宁可做某事 更喜欢做某事 prefer doing 喜欢做某事 4 1 6 Across from 对面 She sat across from me 她坐在我的对面 4 1 7 Cross VT across prep Go across the bridge you will see a garden He is crossing the road 4 1 8 Not until 直到 才 We cannot leave until your work is finished 4 1 9 Be Filled with 被动语态 full of 主动语态 5 八上 Unit5 5 1 1 Be nice to 善待 5 1 2 Take step to 5 1 3 A fear of afraid of 害怕 5 1 4 Around the world 环游世界 5 1 5 Be sure 确信 Be sure of Be sure about sth doing Be sure to do sth Be sure that 5 1 6 Advice Give advice on sth Give advice to sb take follow one s advice 5 1 7 Opposite a n 对立面 反义词 good and bad is opposite b opposite side 对边 相对面 on the opposite side of 在 对面 c adj 相反的 对面的 对立的 We have opposite views on this 5 1 8 Play with fire 玩火 5 1 9 Wish you good luck 祝你好运 5 1 10 Sell well 畅销 5 1 11 So many 那么多的 So much 这么 非常 达到这种程度 5 1 12 run a business 5 1 13 Achieve a goal Keep a goal 5 1 14 Strict with sb in sth 5 1 15 Punish sb for sth punish sb by sth 5 1 16 No matter what 6 八上 Unit 6 6 1 1 In the 年代 s 在 年代 6 1 2 Be born 出生 形成 He was born in Shijiazhuang 生于 地点 He was born on 20 june 2001 生于 时间 He was born of a worker s family 出身于 6 1 3 Be able to can 通用 be able to 更侧重于具备能力 Can 只有现在时 can 和过去式 could be able to 有各种时态 6 1 4 imagine v imagination n 想象 想象力 想象出来的事物 VT 想象 猜想 臆断 vi 想象 猜想 想象起来 Imagine dong n Can you imagine life without water imagine sb to be adj 想象某人为 He imagine himself to be alone in a island imagine 疑问词 从句 不定式 He imagines how can he get to the island 6 1 5 Stay up late 熬夜 睡得很晚 同义词 break night sit up late 6 1 6 Allow 及物动词 允许 Allow sb to do sth be allowed to do sth We allow them to smoke here 我们允许他们在这吸烟 Allow doing they allow smoking here 他们允许 别人 在这吸烟 7 八上 Unit7 7 1 词语辨析 7 1 1 Common k m n adj 和 as usual Common 指普通平常的事物 现象 as usual 像往常一样 Apple is common in my hometown As usual he arrived early and started to work 7 1 2 Exercise 和 exercises exercise 是概念词 泛指运动 不可数 exercises 指具体的练习 体操 锻炼 习题 可数名词复数形 式 There are many exercises in the book 特定的练习题 We should do eye exercises 特定锻炼 眼保健操 Let us take exercise 泛指锻炼 7 1 3 Health n healthy adj healthily adv Adv What I really want is to live healthily 健康地 Adj Apple is a healthy food 有益健康的 Exercising can keep you healthy n You should go to have the doctor check on your health 健康 情况 7 1 4 Living alive lively living l v adj 活的 现存的 健在 强调健在 His grandfather is still living lively la vl adj 活泼的 生动的 真实的 Mary is a lively girl alive l a v adj 活着的 活泼的 有生气的 强调生与死 的区别 He is dead but his dog is alive 7 1 5 Outdoors Outdoor Outdoor adj 户外的 露天的 Outdoors adv 在户外 在露天 n 户外 露天 Adj Children like outdoor activities Adv I like to play outdoors 7 1 6 Not only but also 谓语动词就近一致 Not only you but also he likes collectiog stamps 7 1 7 Be made of Be made from Be mode of 从产品可以看出原材料 The kite is made of paper Be made from 从产品可以看出原材料 This wine is made from gripes 7 1 8 Do with deal with Do with 侧重利用 deal with 侧重处理的方式 What did you do with this food yesterday 昨天你是怎样处理这些食物的 You should learn how to deal with your problem 你应该学习怎样处理你的问题 7 1 9 Real 真实 与虚构相对 true 正确 与错误相对 7 1 10 Win 赢得 beat 打败 7 1 11 Used to do be used to doing be used to do Used to do 过去经常做某事 do 用动词原形 例 He used to live in Shanghai Be used to doing 现在习惯做某事 例 He is used to eating an apple before going to bed Be used to do 被用来做某事 例 Wood is used to build house 7 1 12 Instead instead of Instead adv 相反地 代替地 例 Instead he is interested in drawing Instead of 介词短语 代替 而不是 例 He likes go shopping instead of go fishing 7 2 单词短语 Word break off 中断 break down出故障 Have a break n 休息下 7 2 8 Be filled with be full of 充满 The room is full of people The room id full of people 7 2 9 Pay sb a visit pay a visit to sb 7 2 10 Go through 穿过 7 2 11 Put on its side 把 沿着侧面放 7 2 12 Take up 开始从事 占据 占用 拿起 承担 例 They took up arms and fought for their faith The piano takes up too much space 7 2 13 Confident adj 有自信的 确信的 a 有信心的 自信的 Be confident of 对 有信心 I m confident of success 我对成功有信心 7 2 14 confidence n 信任 信心 自信 a 骗得信任的 Have lost conference in 对 有 失去信心 I have confidence in myself 7 2 15 Parking lot 停车场 7 2 16 Not any more 次数 不再 继续 He did not cry any more 他哭了好几次 他不再哭了 7 2 17 Daily de l n 日报 朝来夜去的女佣 adj 日常的 每日的 adv 日常地 每日 天天 7 3 语法点 7 3 1 倒装句 Neither so do I 陈述句之后 倒装句形式表示某人同样是或者不是 1 同样是 So be 助动词 情态动词 主语 Tom is good at swimming So am I He likes music So do I Tina can speak English So can I 2 同样不是 Neither nor be 助动词 情态动词 主语 The boy has not been to Beijing Neither have I 3 当陈述句中谓语动词本身表否定时 倒装句为 So be 助动词 情态动词 主语 表示否定含义 Tim dislikes apple So do I 4 So 主语 be 助动词 情态动词 主语 表示的确如此 例 He is a clever boy So he is 7 3 2 How What 引导的感叹句 1 句式 how adj adv 主语 谓语 其他 What 修饰成分 冠词 形容词 名词 主语 谓语 其他 2 举例 How cold the weather is How faster he run What a lovely girl she is What bad weather 不可数名词 不加冠词 What friendly people they are 集合名词表复数 不加冠词 7 3 3 冠词用法总结 8 八上 Unit 8 8 1 词语辨析 8 1 1 Question problem Problem 客观存在且难以解决的问题 Question 希望有回答 例 The government is trying to solve the problem Can you answer the question 8 1 2 Person people man Person man 表示可数单数含义 man 有男人 人类的含义 people 是集体名词表复数含义 8 1 3 Accept v 接受 承认 同意 receive vt 受到 得到 v 收到 接到 Accept 主观上接受 承认或赞同 receive 客观上 1 接受 主观上不一定接受 E g she accepted the man s ring 她接受了男子的戒指 主观上愿意 I received the bad news just now 我刚刚收到了这个坏消息 客观情况 主观上不愿意听到 8 1 4 Because conj 因为 because of 介词短语 8 1 5 In class 在课堂上 in the class 在班级里 8 1 6 Go to college 上大学 go to the college 到特定的某所大学去办事 8 1 7 Take part in join join in 1 Take part in join in 参加某个活动 有积极的态度 join 加入某个组织 严肃 Could I join in the game Would you take part in the English party I will never forget the day when I joined the Party 我永远也忘不了入党的那一天 2 Join sb in doing sth 和某人一起做某事 Join sb for 某个活动 Would you like to join us in dancing Will you join us for dinner 请你和我们一起吃饭好吗 8 2 单词短语句式 word continue doing continue to do 继续做另一件事情 已经完成一件工作 After he finished reading a novel he continued to play games with his friends continue doing 继续做同一件事 还没完成 After a rest he continues his reading 类似的单词还有stop等 8 2 6 Notice sb Doing do sth Notice sb doing sth 正在做某事 Notice sb do sth 做了某事 类似的单词有 see feel 等 E g I felt the rain dropped on the roof last night 昨晚我感觉到雨点打在屋顶上 I suddenly woke up and felt the rain dropping on the roof 我突然惊醒 感觉到雨点正打在屋顶上 I saw a man stealing something 我看到一个人正在偷东西 I saw a man stole something 我看到一个人偷了东西 8 2 7 Mistake n 错误 过失 vi 误解 弄错 for 把 错认 1 By mistake 错误地 副词短语 I take his pen by mistake 2 make mistakes make a mistake 犯错误 There is a mistake in the sentence He often makes mistakes in writing English words 3 stupid a 愚蠢的 笨的 迟钝的 It is stupid of you to do so 8 2 8 Fail 1 没通过测试 I failed English but passed math 我英语考试不及格 但数学考试及格了 2 Fail to do sth 做某事失败 He failed to work out the problem 他没能算出这道题 8 2 9 Be hard on 对 严厉 对 苛刻 Do not be hard on him He is very young 8 2 10 Believe in 信任 8 2 11 主语 be adj enough to do sth 足够做某事 He is old enough to go to school The room is big enough to live in You are foolish enough to believe in such a man 8 2 12 practice n 练习 实践 v 练习 实习 训练 从事 1 Practice doing sth Practice sth v 练习某事 I often practice speaking my English I often practice my English after school 2 Practice sth I 3 You need more practice n 4 Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧 5 Practise vt 练习 实践 和 practice 通用 8 3 语法专项 反身代词 第二编全册视角 1 不定代词 限定词 对名词短语的中心词起定量 不定量 定指 不定指等限制作用 不定代词不指定特定对象 其中多数不定代词有名词性 主语 宾语 和限定词性 定语 两种用法 但 复合不定代词 someone 等 和 none one 只有名词性用法 而 no every 只有限定词性用法 1 1 概述 1 1 1 不定代词的名词性用法和限定词性用法 名词性用法限定词性用法 复合不定代词 Other the other another neither Each both all Some many much Others the others None one a little a few No every 1 1 2 不定代词的单复数含义 采用名词性用法时 不定代词有自己的单复数含义 采用限定词性用法时 被不定代词限定其中心词的名 词性短语有自己整体的单复数含义 这两种单复数含义统称为不定代词的单复数含义 不定代词单复数含义 名词性用法限定词性用 法 可数名词单 数 可数名词复 数 不可数名 词 复合不定代词 Others the others None One 有疑问 Other the other another neither Each every No Much a little Some many both all a few 1 1 3 复合不定代词 1 2 不定代词的名词性用法 1 2 1 表示可数名词单数含义 1 Other The other 两个以内的环境中 一个人 物 另外的那个人 物 Two dogs are playing in the garden one is playing the football and the other is playing the plants 2 Another 三个以上的环境中 另一个人 物 I do not like the jacket please show me another 3 Either 两个中的任何一个 The two students are both good at study Either will get high grade in this exam 4 Neither 两个当中一个也不是 Neither is correct 一个也不对 Neither of the books is interesting 5 None 没有人 none 可指人也可指物 作主语时 如和 of 连用指不可数名词时 谓语动词要用单数形式 指可数名词 时 谓语动词用单 复数均可 None of us is are perfect we all make mistakes 6 Each 每一个 Each of the houses is painted blue They each have a pen Each作同位语 不影响主语单复数含义 7 One 只有名词性用法 扩展 only one of 其中之一 The only one of 仅有的一个 OneBodything everyeveryone每人everybody人人 大家everything每一个事物 someSomeone某人somebody某人something某事某物 anyanyone任何人anybody任何人anything任何事物 noNo one无一人nobody无人nothing无物 He is only one of the students who are never late He is the only one of the students who is never late 1 2 2 表示可数名词复数含义 1 Both 两个 全部 反义词 neither all 两个以上 全部 反义词 none All are present at the meeting 大家都到会了 All of his children are now grown up Both would have a try 两人都想试一试 Both of the books are interesting 2 Others the others 三个以上环境中 一些人 物 剩余的全部人 物 There are many people others are teachers and the others are students 3 some 一些人 物 可数复数或不可数 many 很多人 物 可数 Some are teachers and others are students 一些的老师 有的是学生 Many have cars in china 在中国很多人有汽车 4 a few few 修饰可数名词复数 a few 肯定 多 few 否定 少 A few of the books are very difficult to understand 这些书中有一些难以读懂 few of the books are very difficult to understand 这些书中有很少的基本难以读懂 1 2 3 表示不可数名词含义 1 a little Little was heard from him in the next few years I understood only a little of what he said 2 Much There is not much to do Did he eat much at lunch 3 Some The gripes are nice do you want some I take some of the cake 1 3 不定代词的限定词性用法 计有 both either neither all every each any some any many much a few a little 等 其中 1 3 1 表示可数名词单数含义 Either neither every each 1 Each every 其后跟名词的单数形式 Each student is very exciting I bought the girls each an ice cream 同位语 不影响主 宾 语的单复数含义 Every student is work hard in this class 2 Either neither Neither boy is going there There are two books here either book is very good 1 3 2 表示可数名词复数含义 Both all many a few some 1 举例 Both his legs are hurt All my friends like swimming 我的朋友全都喜欢游泳 Do not worry We still have a few minutes left 我们还剩下几分钟 分钟可数 Hurry up We do not have few minutes to waste 我们没几分钟可浪费了 There are many apples 这有很多苹果 新 课 标 第 一 网 There are two boys both the boys are happy There are some books in the desk 桌子上有一些书 2 Some any some 用于肯定句 any 用于否定句 疑问句 当说话的人希望得到肯定回答时 亦可用 some 代替 any 1 3 3 表示不可数名词含义 a Little much some 1 举例 Do not worry We still have a little time left 我们还剩下几分钟 分钟可数 Hurry up We do not have little time to waste 我们没几分钟可浪费了 Much water is in the cup 杯子里有很多水 Would you like some bear 2 Much 和 many Much 修饰不可数名词 many 修饰复数名词 2 语法专题 冠词 2 1 冠词概述 冠词冠词是限定词的一种 自己不能单独使用 只能依附于一个名词帮助说明这个名词的含义 因此冠词也 可以说是名词的一种标志 它不能离开名词而单独存在 冠词有三种形式 不定冠词 a an 定冠词 the 和零 冠词 即不使用冠词 不定冠词不定冠词 a 和和 an a 和 an 都出现在单数名词前 a 用在辅音前 读 如 a university student an 用在以元音前 读 n 如 an honest girl 定冠词定冠词 the 可以出现在单数名词 复数名词和不可数名词前 辅音前读 如 the car 元音前读 如 the evening 冠词用法每次中考都会出现 主要考查 1 名词前的定冠词 不定冠词和零冠词的用法 2 固定搭配中的 冠词用法 3 a an 的用法区别 4 序数词前 形容词最高级前 姓氏前使用定冠词也是近年来中考的常考内 容 2 2 基础知识梳理 2 2 1 不定冠词 a an 的用法 概述 概述 不定冠词用来修饰单数可数名词 指人或物中的某一个或某一类 但不具体说明是何人何物 如 A famous astronaut will give us a talk the week after next 出现的位置出现的位置 a 用在以辅音音素 不是辅音字母 开头的单词前 如 a university student a European country an 用在以元音音素 不是元音字母 开头的单词前 如 an honest girl an underground train 现将不定冠词的基本用法归纳如下 1 用在单数名词前 表示某类人某类物 如 John is a student 约翰是学生 2 用在单数名词前 指某类人某类物中的任何一个 如 A steel worker makes steel 炼钢工人制造钢 3 用在单数名词前 指某人某物 如 A young man wants to see you 有个年轻人想见你 1 首次提到某人某物 起介绍作用 如 Long long ago an old man lived in a small village 2 表示 每一 的意思 常用于表示时间 速度的名词之前 相当于 every 如 Ten meters a second twice a week 每秒十米 一周两次 3 一些固定短语中 要用不定冠词 如 have a good time in a hurry have a break for a while a pair of have a look have a drink with a smile take an active part in 2 2 2 定冠词 the 的用法 1 特指之前提到的人或物 如 I have a dog and a cat The dog is brown and the cat is yellow 2 特指某人或某物 如 The old man with thick glasses is their history teacher 3 指谈话双方都知道的人或物 如 Would you mind turning down the radio Jim Your father is sleeping 4 用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前 如 The third truck is carrying the fewest apples of all 5 在江河 海洋 山脉等地理名词前 以及由普通名词构成的具有专有的 独一无二含义的名词前 如 the Nile the Pacific Ocean the Alps the Oriental Pearl The moon is far smaller than the earth 6 用于方位名词前 如 Shanghai