高考英语阅读理解练习（2）（含解析）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解练习（2）及答案（解析）c22013山东卷 ajimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. he has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.one day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview.his appointment was at 10 am and it was already 8：30. while waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. obviously there was something wrong with the car. jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. when jimmy finished working on the car，the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. then the old man said，“well，i could take you to the office for your interview. its the least i could do. please, i insist.” jimmy agreed.upon arrival, jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting to be interviewed. jimmy still had some grease on him after the car repair, but he did not have much time to wash it off or have a change of shirt.one by one, the applicants left the interviewers office with disappointed looks on their faces. finally his name was called. the interviewer was sitting on a large chair facing the office window. rocking the chair back and forth, he asked, “do you really need to be interviewed？” jimmys heart sank.“with the way i look now, how could i possibly pass this interview？” he thought to himself.then the interviewer turned the chair and to jimmys surprise, it was the old man he helped earlier in the morning. it turned out he was the general manager of the company.“sorry i had to keep you waiting, but i was pretty sure i made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into this office. i just know youd be a trustworthy worker. congratulations！” jimmy sat down and they shared a cup of welldeserved coffee as he landed himself a new job.56why did jimmy apply for a new job?a. he was out of work.bhe was bored with his job.che wanted a higher position. dhe hoped to find a better boss.57what did jimmy see on the way to the interview?aa friends car had a flat tyre. ba wild man was pushing a car.ca terrible car accident happened. dan old mans car broke down.58why did the old man offer jimmy a ride?ahe was also to be interviewed. bhe needed a travelling companion.che always helped people in need. dhe was thankful to jimmy.59how did jimmy feel on hearing the interviewers question?a. he was sorry for the other applicants.b. there was no hope for him to get the job.c. he regretted helping the old man.d. the interviewer was very rude.60what can we learn from jimmys experience?a. where theres a will, theres a way.b. a friend in need is a friend indeed.c. good is rewarded with good.d. two heads are better than one.【要点综述】 这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了吉米是个汽车修理工，几个月前丢掉了工作，他的心态很好，但是总是害怕申请新工作。一天，他在去面试等车的时候，看见一位老人的车坏了，吉米主动帮助老人修好了车，并且没要费用，老人为感谢吉米让他搭车去面试，恰巧面试的经理正是吉米帮助修车的老人，为此，吉米被录用。这个故事充分体现了这样的谚语：善有善报。56a考查细节理解。从第一段的第一句“jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago.”可知吉米失去了工作，下文提到吉米找工作面试的问题。故选a。57d考查细节理解。根据第二段的“while waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. obviously there was something wrong with the car. jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand.”可知，吉米在路上遇到一位老人，这位老人的车出问题了。58d考查细节理解。根据第二段的“jimmy immediately went up to lend him a handjimmy said there was no need to pay him”和“its the least i could do.”可知，老人是为了感谢吉米的帮助，让吉米搭车去面试。59b考查细节理解。根据第三段的“jimmys heart sank. with the way i look now, how could i possibly pass this interview？ he thought to himself.”可知，吉米感到这份工作对他来说没有什么希望了。60c考查推理判断。从全文看，吉米在面试的路上帮助一位老人修车，这位老人正是吉米面试的经理，吉米就被录用了。这充分体现了这样的谚语：善有善报(good is rewarded with good.)。where theres a will, theres a way.有志者事竟成。a friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。two heads are better than one.两人智慧胜一人。/人多智广。d(2011四川卷，d)“experience may possibly be the best teacher，but it is not a particulary good teacher.” you might think that winston churchill or perhaps mark twain spoke those words, but they actually come from james march, a professor at stanford university and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. for years march( possibly the wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act，and he continues to do so in his new book the ambiguities of experience.he begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning ：“experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.”the problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及) serious complications (复杂化)，ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which march discusses in the body of this book.in one interesting part of the book，for example, he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. in our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things. he says“the more accurately(精确地)reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story，the less realistic it is.”besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, march is also a poet, and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. though the book is short, it is demanding：dont pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.多年来，人们强调经验型学习。而一位名叫james mark的却说：经验可能是最好的老师，却不是一个特别好的老师。通过对于经验型学习，本文介绍了james mark的关于经验的书。13according to the text, james march is _.aa poet who uses experience in his writingba teacher who teaches story writing in universityca researcher who studies the way humans think and actda professor who helps organizations make important decisions答案：c。细节判断题。从第一个段落中最后一句话里可以找到信息句，即同选项c所说的一致。14according to james march, experience _.ais overvalued bis easy to explaincshould be actively soughtdshould be highly respected答案：a推理判断题。从文章的开头以及文中的字里行间“the problem is.” “turn a doubtful eye on.” 以及“think deeply about experience learning”等可以推测出james 对于经验学习持怀疑态度，认为人们太过于重视经验学习这一方式了。15what can we learn from paragraph 3?aexperience makes stories more accurate.bstories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.cthe use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.dstories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.答案：b。细节判断题。在倒数第二段中，james所说的话中“to make stories more interesting, we lose part of the complicated truth of things”就表明了故事越有趣，就越没有真实感，同选项b所说。16whats the purpose of this text?ato introduce a book.bto describe a researcher.cto explain experiential learning.dto discuss organizational decision making.答案：a。作者意图判断题。纵观全文，作者一直都在围绕着一本书，在阐述关于本书中的内容以及本书作者的观点等，故选a。e(2011湖北卷，e)which are you more likely to have with you at any given momentyour cellphone or your wallet? soon you may be able to throw your wallet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electronic scanner.in january，starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its stores.this is the first paybyphone practice in the us.，but were likely to see more wireless payment alternatives as something called near field communication(nfc)gets into americas consumer electronics.last december，some new smart phones which contain an nfc chip were introduced to the public.already in use in parts of asia and europe，nfc allows shoppers to wave their phones a few inches above a payment terminala contactfree system built for speed and convenience.but before nfc becomes widely adopted in the us.，a few problems need to be worked out，like who will get to collect the profitable transaction(交易)fees.although some credit card providers have been experimenting with waveandpay systems that use nfcenabled credit cards，cellphone service providers may try to muscle their way into the pointofsale (pos)market.three big cellphone service providers have formed a joint venture(合资企业)that will go into operation over the next 15 months.its goal is“to lead the us. payments industry from cards to mobile phone.”the other big nfc issue，apart from how payments will be processed，is security.for instance，whats to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? “were still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against you in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone，”says jimmy shah，a mobile security researcher，“users may also be able to set transaction limits，perhaps requiring a password to be entered for larger purchases.”still uneasy about this digitalwallet business？keep in mind that if you lose your smart phone，it can be located on a map and remotely disabled.plus，your phone can be password protected.your wallet isnt.随着手机的普遍使用，以及手机功能的提升，如今，用手机付费购物都已经成了现实。 随着第一部能够付费的手机的诞生，以及其配套的科技手段的支撑，付费购物手机很快便成为美国市场上的抢手货。17what is predicted to happen in the us.?athe expansion of cellphone companies.bthe boom of paybyphone business.cthe disappearance of credit cards.dthe increase of starbucks sales.答案：b。推理判断题。从第二个段落的第二句话，随着第一部“用手机付费”的手机的上市，美国人会看到“more wireless payment”，可以推断出：这种手机会迅速火起来，即如同选项b所说的“boom”。18the nfc technology can be used to_.aensure the safety of shoppersbcollect transaction fees easilycmake purchase faster and simplerdimprove the quality of cellphones答案：c。理解判断题。根据本段中关于nfc的说法“wireless payment alternative”可以断定：这种无限付费方式自然是极其方便的，即：快捷的购物手段。故选项c的说法是对的。19three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to_.a. strengthen their relationshipb. get a share in the payments industryc. sell more cellphonesd. test the nfc technology答案：b。理解判断题。根据第三个段落“may try to muscle their way into the pointofsale market”以及最后一句话“its goal is.”可以找到本问题的提示，即： 为了打入这个新兴行业的市场，由此可见，选项b的说法与原文的信息句非常吻合。20according to the passage，what can users do if they lose their smart phones?a. stop the functioning of their phones.b. set up a password.c. get all the money out of their phones.d. cancel large purchases.答案：a。细节判断题。从最后一段中的信息词“remotely disabled”可以断定选项a是正确的。a(2011全国卷，b)for those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，selfawareness is an important measurement. an animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence. awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. only humans，and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.now another animal has joined the club. in the proceedings of the national academy of sciences, researchers report that an asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test. “we thought that elephants were the next important animal，”said diana reiss of the wildlife conservation society, an author of the study with joshua m. plotnik and fansb. m. de waal of emory university. with their large brains，reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”the researchers tested happy. maxine and patty, three elephants at the bronx zoo. they put an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.the elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it，and to examine parts of their bodies.of the three, happy then passed the test，in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. she could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.diana reiss said，“we knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”文章通过实验说明能意识到自身形象的动物具有高智商。1. what can mirror tests tell us about animals?a. whether they have large brains. b. whether they have selfawareness.c. whether they enjoy outdoor exercises. d. whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.答案：b。细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句话“awareness can be tested by.”可知b项正确。2. why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?a. they are most familiar to readers.b. they are big favorites with zoo visitors.c. they are included in the study by reiss.d. they are already known to be intelligent.答案：d。推理判断题。由第二段最后一句可知人们已经知道apes和dolphins是聪明的。3. what made happy different from maxine and patty?a. she used her nose to search behind the mirror.b. she recognized her own image in the mirror.c. she painted a mark on her own face.d. she found the hidden camera.答案：b。推理判断题。由倒数第二段可推出happy能辨别出自己在镜子中的形象。c22013陕西卷 bin 1978, i was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from sydney, australia.i was looking forward to having five days off from duty.unfortunately, the only one train a day back to my home in sydney had already left.so i thought id hitch a ride (搭便车)i waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me.finally, a man walked over and introduced himself as gordon.he said that although he couldnt give me a lift, i should come back to his house for lunch.he noticed me standing for hours in the november heat and thought i must be hungry.i was doubtful as a young girl but he assured(使放心) me i was safe, and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards.when we arrived at his house, he made us sandwiches.after lunch, he helped me find a lift home.twentyfive years later, in 2003, while i was driving to a nearby town one day, i saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat, trying to hitch a ride.i thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour id been given decades earlier.i pulled over a