高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题（5）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解基础训练极品题（5）及答案ai think it was my mother who taught me the meaning of honesty. not because she actually was honest, but because she lied all the time. she felt that the easiest way out of any given situation was generally the best way out. and, for her, that generally meant telling a “little white lie”. as a young child i thought it was kind of cool. and, naturally, when i would come to her with a concern or question wondering what i should do, she generally advised me to lie.“mom, i told theresa that i would go over to her house, but now i would rather go to sues house to play.”“tell theresa youre sick，” she would advise. and generally i did. but i didnt seem blessed with her lack of conscience. on many painful occasions theresa would find out that i really went to sues house without her. these occasions taught me that it is more painful to be caught in a lie than it is to tell the truth in the first place. i wondered how it was possible that my mother had never learned that lesson.i started thinking of all the lies that id heard her tell. i remembered the time she told someone that her favorite restaurant had closed, because she didnt want to see them there anymore. or the time she told dad that she loved the lawnmower he gave her for her birthday. or when she claimed that our phone lines had been down when she was trying to explain why she hadnt been in touch with a friend of hers for weeks. and what bothered me even more were all the times she had involved me into her lies. like the time she told my guidance counselor that i had to miss school for exploratory surgery, when she really needed me to babysit. and it even started to bother me when someone would call for her and she would ask me to tell them that she wasnt there.so, i started my own personai fight against her dishonesty. when i answered the phone and it was someone my mother didnt want to talk to, i said, “louise, mom is here, but she doesnt want to talk to you.” the first time i did it, she punished me, but i refused to apologize. i told her that i had decided that it was wrong to lie. and the next time it happened i did the same thing. finally, she approached me and said, “i agree that lying is not the best thing to do, but we need to find a way to be honest without being rude.” she admitted that her methods werent right, and i admitted that mine were a bit too extreme.over the past few years, the two of us have worked together to be honestand yet kind. honesty should mean more than not lying. it should mean speaking the truth in kindness. though i started by trying to teach my mom the importance of honesty, i ended up gaining a deeper understanding of the meaning of the term.1. the authors mother _.a. thought white lies were not liesb. helped the author get out of trouble with white liesc. told the author to lie when in troubled. taught the author the importance of being honest2. the author _.a. was thankful to her mothers adviceb. felt more awkward when being caught lyingc. found that telling the truth hurt more than telling a lied. felt guilty when hurting people with her honesty3. it can be inferred that the authors mother _.a. met her friends in the same restaurant regularlyb. didnt get along with the authors teachersc. was not popular among her friendsd. wanted to have something else for her birthday4. finally the author and her mother agreed that _.a. kindheartedness is more important than honestyb. appropriate methods are the key to telling a good liec. honesty is defined as kindness as well as truthfulnessd. absolute honesty is basic to good interpersonal relationships【参考答案】14、cbdc 阅读理解-d(2013西安市标准化考练，d)up to 45 rare species of australian animals are in danger of becoming extinct within 20 years, scientists warned in a report. but hope is not lost! according to the report, the species can be saved if immediate action is taken to control their natural predators (天敌) and other threats.the threatened animals can be found in the faraway kimberley region of northwestern australia. the region is similar in square miles to california. thirty percent of the endangered species are unique to the region, while others have already disappeared in other parts of australia.dr. tara martin, a research scientist said in the report, “a large extinction event is happening in australia. the north has really been the last stronghold (主要栖息地) for many species of birds and mammals and reptiles. the kimberley is really their last chance on earth.”many of the species are under threat because they are hunted by wild cats. these cats kill around 500 000 native animals in the kimberley region every day. the species face another threat, too. their native habitat is also being destroyed by wildfires and by wild donkeys and goats that compete for food and water. humans introduced cats, donkeys and goats to australia to be farm animals or pets. however, their populations have exploded in the region because they have few natural predators.the report calls for $ 95 million to immediately start protection programs. the report also suggests reducing wild donkey and goat populations in the region, building fences, fighting wildfires and educating the community about how to help the endangered species. richard hobbs, an ecologist at the university of western australia, says the costs are worthwhile because the measures will not be too difficult to carry out.文章大意：本文是一篇调查报告。在澳大利亚有多达45种稀有动物在接下来的二十年里将会灭绝。报告主要讲述了这些物种所面临的危险并提出了保护它们应该采取的一些措施。13which of the following should be done to protect the rare species of australian animals?aproviding new habitat for them.bsupplying more food and water to them.cgetting rid of the dangers to them.dleading them to the north of australia for a better life.答案：c细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中“the species can be saved. to control their natural predators (天敌) and other treats”可知，我们人类应当立即帮助这些珍稀物种去除威胁它们生存的因素。故c项正确。14paragraphs 23 mainly tell us _.awhere the threatened animals can be foundbhow worrying the situation of the rare animals iscthe kimberley is the home of many rare speciesdthe kimberley is a safe place for animals to live答案：b段落大意题。根据第二段最后一句“. while others have already disappeared in other parts of australia.”和第三段最后一句“the kimberley is really their last chance on earth.”可知，文章此处告诉我们稀有动物的处境是多么危险。故b项正确。15the article may appear in a magazine on _.aanimals bgeographycchemistry dhistory答案：a推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一些地方动物的危险处境，所以最有可能出现在杂志中的动物栏中。故a项正确。阅读理解-e(2013临沂市三模，d)maps of the worlds population show that the majority of people today live near water. we live along coastlines, around bays, up the course of rivers and streams and on islands. we also vacation at the beach and find comfort fishing on a lake. nothing makes small children happier than the chance of playing in water. more surprisingly, this human favor for water makes evolutionary(进化的)sense. sure, we need drinking water to live, but we have also benefited from whats swimming under the waves. neuroscientist crawford of the university of north london has proposed that our ancient ancestors attached to the sea, and that their devotion paid off by allowing the human species to develop large and complex brains. crawford claims that when humans separated from apes(类人猿)and appeared in the forests of africa, they stuck close to rivers and beaches and started catching fish, clams and crabs. that seafood was packed with omega3 fatty acids, essential fatty acids that promote brain cell growth. its no coincidence, crawford claims, that human brain growth began to increase rapidly once we left the woods and headed for the beach. scientists have also discovered that people who eat fish regularly are less likely to suffer from depression than those who eat less seafood. biochemist hibbelin of the national institutes of health has shown that across cultures there is a direct link between amount of fish eaten each week and rates of depression. more interestingly, hibbelin and researcher laura have found that fish is commonly used as a symbol of happiness and good health in various religions and cultures. we know that fish and the sea are good for us, and so we seek them out. we vacation on the coast and see the waves come and go, feeling happiness has taken over our brain. when we move inland, or go home from vacation, we lose touch with our sea roots and feel unhappy. 文章大意：这是一篇说明文。喜欢水并寻找有水的地方是人类的天性。16to explain humans favor for water, the author _. alists some examples bcompares some facts canalyzes some numbers draises some questions 答案：a写作手法题。为了说明人们对水的偏爱，作者在第一段里列举了许多例子。17human beings have benefited a lot from seafood because _.aseafood has enough water and is freshbfishes in the sea have large and complex brains cour ancestors had nothing to eat but seafood dit is abundant in fatty acids promoting brain cell growth 答案：d细节理解题。从第四段最后一句“that seafood was packed with omega3 fatty acids, essential fatty acids that promote brain cell growth. ”可知答案。18according to crawford, human brain developed fast when we _.awent to the coast to spend our holidays bleft the woods and headed for the beachcseparated from apes and appeared in the forests of africa ddiscovered seafood was packed with omega3 fatty acids 答案：b细节理解题。根据第五段从“crawford claims, that human brain growth began to increase rapidly once we left the woods and headed for the beach.”可知答案。19whats the main idea of paragraph 6? ascientists help people overcome depression.bfish is a kind of symbol in some religions.ceating fish regularly may reduce our depression.dhappiness is linked with good health.答案：c主旨大意题。第六段的中心句是第一句“.scientists have also discovered that people who eat fish regularly are less likely to suffer from depression”，其余句子都是围绕这个中心内容的。20what can we infer from the passage? aits good to our health to swim under the waves. bhuman has the largest and most complex brains. cbeach is the best destination of vacation. dits human nature to seek out bodies of water. 答案：d推理判断题。从第一段和最后一段的内容可以推知，喜欢水并寻找有水的地方是人类的天性。阅读理解-bair pollution is damaging 60% of europes prime wildlife sites in meadows, forests and bushes, according to a new report.a team of eu scientists said nitrogen emissions(氮排放) from cars, factories and farming were threatening biodiversity. its the second report this week warning of the ongoing riks and threats linked to nitrogen pollution.nitrogen in the atmosphere is harmless in its inert(惰性的) state, but the report says reactive forms of nitrogen, largely produced by human activity, can be a menace to the natural world.emissions mostly come from vehicle exhausts(排气), factories, artificial fertilizers(肥料) and animal waste from intensive farming. the reactive nitrogen they emit to the air disrupts the environment in two ways: it can make acidic soils too acidic to support their previous mix of species. but primarily, because nitrogen is a fertilizer, it favors wild plants that can maximize the use of nitrogen to help them grow.in effect, some of the nitrogen spread to fertilize crops is carried in the atmosphere to fertilize weeds, possibly a great distance from where the chemicals were first applied.the effects of fertilization and acidification favor common aggressive species like grasses, brambles and nettles. they harm more delicate species like mosses(苔藓), and insecteating sundew plants.the report said 60% of wildlife sites were now receiving a critical load of reactive nitrogen. the reports lead author, dr. kevin hicks from the university of yorks stockholm environment institute(sei), told bbc news that englands peak district had a definitely low range of species as a result of the reactive nitrogen that fell on the area.“nitrogen creates a rather big problem that seems to me to have been given too little attention，” he said. “governments are responsible for protecting areas like this, but they are clearly failing.”he said more research was needed to understand the knockon effects for creatures from the changes in vegetation accidentally caused by emissions from cars, industry and farms.