高考英语完形填空基础训练题（102）.doc

2014高考英语完形填空基础训练题（102）及答案passage thirty (fingerprints) the search for latent prints is done in a systematic and intelligent manner. investigators develop techniques to locate traces of fingerprints at a crime scene. the basic premise in searching for latent prints is to examine more carefully those areas, which would most likely be touched by persons who have been on the scene. the natural manner in which a person would use and place his hands in making an entrance or exit from a building or in handling any object is the key to the discovery of latent prints. where a forced entrance has been made, latent prints are likely to be found on any surface adjacent to or at that point. any object with a smooth, non-porous surface is likely to retain latent prints if touched. fingerprints on rough surfaces are usually of little value. if the fingermark does not disclose ridge detail when viewed under a reading glass, the chances are that its value in identification is nil when photographed. where fingermarks are found, it will be necessary for the investigator to compare them against the ones of persons having legitimate access to the premises so that the traces might be eliminated as having evidentiary value if they prove to be from these persons. places to search for prints on an automobile are the rear view mirror, steering wheel hub, steering column, windshield dashboard and the like. dusting of surface may be done with a fine brush or with an atomizer. the whit powders used are basically finely powdered white lead, talc, or chalk. another light powder is basically chemists gray. a good black powder is composed of lampblack, graphite, and powdered acacia. dragons blood is good powder for white surface and can be fixed on paper by heating. in developing latent prints, the accepted method is to use the powder sparingly and brush lightly. do not use powder if the fingermark is visible under oblique lighting. it can be photographed. a good policy for the novice is to experiment with his own prints on a surface similar to the one he wishes to search in order to determine the powder best suited to the surface. fingerprints after dusting may be lifted by using fresh cellulose tape or commercially prepared material especially designed to lift and transfer dusted latent fingerprints. in addition to latent prints, the investigator must not overlook the possibility of two other types of fingerprint traces: molded impression and visible impression. molded impressions are formed by the pressure of the finger upon comparatively soft, pliable, or plastic surfaces producing an actual mold of the fingerprint pattern. these can be recorded by photograph without treating the surface, is usually most effective in revealing the impressions clearly. visible impressions are formed when the finger is covered with some substance which is transferred to the surface contacted. fingers smeared with blood, grease, dirt, paint, and the like will leave a visible impression. if these impressions are clear and sharp, they are photographed under light without ant treatment. ordinarily, prints of this type are blurred or smeared and do not contain enough detail for identification by comparison. however, they can not be overlooked or brushed aside without first being examined carefully.1. what is the best title for this passage?a. visible impressions. . moulded impressions.c. fingerprints. d. latent fingerprints.2. how many fingermarks are mentioned in this passage?a. 2. . 3. c. 4. d. 5.3. which type of fingerprints is most likely to retain?a. latent fingerprints. . visible impressions.c. moulded impressions. d. clear fingerprints.4. how many ways are there to develop fingerprints?a. 2. . 3. c. 4. d. 5.vocabulary1. latent print 潜在指纹2. premise 前提3. non-porous 无孔的，不渗透的4. ridge 脊，隆起部5. nil 无，零6. premise 房屋及其附属部件7. rear view mirror 后视镜8. steering wheel hub 驾驶盘9. steering column 转向柱10. windshield 挡风玻璃11. dashboard 仪表盘，挡泥板12. atomizer 喷雾器13. talc 滑石14. lampblack 灯黑，灯烟15. acacia 阿拉伯树胶，金合欢胶16. dragons blood 龙血树脂，麒麟血17. sparingly 少量的，节约的18. novice 新手，初学者19. cellulose tape 纤维带，指纹胶带20. lift 提起，拿起。这里指取下指纹。21. molded impression 模性压痕22. visible impression 可见压痕23. pliable 柔韧的，柔顺的24. smear 搽上，涂污，弄得模糊不清难句译注1. the basic premise in searching for latent prints is to examine more carefully those areas, which would most likely be touched by persons who have been on the scene.结构简析 句子长是因为有两个定语从句：which 和who； which 修饰areas; who 修饰persons.参考译文 搜寻潜手印的基本前提是：要非常仔细的检查那些最可能为曾到过现场的人所触摸的地方。2. if the fingermark does not disclose ridge detail when viewed under a reading glass, the chances are that its value in identification is nil when photographed.结构简析 条件句，主从句中都有一个when +过去分词句型。第一个直接紧跟从句，第二个在主句的表语后面。译时根据其所在位置。参考译文 假如指印在放大镜下观察时没有显露隆起部分的细节（不显露指纹纹理），那很可能，在摄影时其鉴别价值等于零。3. where fingermarks are found, it will be necessary for the investigator to compare them against the ones of persons having legitimate access to the premises so that the traces might be eliminated as having evidentiary value if they prove to be from these persons.结构简析 复合句，前面是主从句， whereit will be necessary, 从句so that 中又有一个条件句，if they 。参考译文 如果发现了指印，检查人员就必须把发现的指印和有权进入房屋的人的指印作比较。如果指印证实是来自这些人的，那么作为证据价值的线索就可排除掉。4. a good black powder is composed of lampblack, graphite, and powdered acacia. dragons blood is good powder for white surface and can be fixed on paper by heating. in developing latent prints, the accepted method is to use the powder sparingly and brush lightly. do not use powder if the fingermark is visible under oblique lighting. it can be photographed. a good policy for the novice is to experiment with his own prints on a surface similar to the one he wishes to search in order to determine the powder best suited to the surface.结构简析 句子长，因为表语中有形容词短语similar to , 而to 的宾语又有一个省略which的定从he wishes to search. 此外副词短语in order to 的宾语也有一个修饰的分词短语best suited.参考译文 对新手来说，最好的办法就是用自己在类似于他想要搜索的表面上的指印作一个实验，以确定最适用于这种表面的粉末。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍在犯罪现场搜寻“（潜）指印”的文章。采用平铺直叙步步深入的写作方式。头两段先介绍经常会有“潜指印”的地方是房子的出口和入口，汽车的后视镜，方向盘等。屋内光滑无孔的物体，如若接触就会留有潜指印，但粗糙物体的潜指印就没有价值，放大镜下不显现纹理的指印也无价值，就得看摄影显示决定。接着，介绍运用白粉，黑粉轻拂扫，新鲜纤维带把潜手印取下的种种方法和步骤。最后一段介绍了除潜手印外还有两种不能忽略的手印：模性和可见压痕及其形成和取证方法。答案祥解1. c. 指印，不管哪一种。a. 可见压痕。 b. 模性压痕。 c. 潜指印，都属于指印。所以最佳的标题应是指印。2. b. 三种指印，即：潜指印，模性和可见压痕。3. a. 潜指印。因为潜指印隐秘，又是作案人无意中留下不易为人发现和破坏。其价值性从文中第三段描写取潜指印可见一般。b. 和c. 见第四段“一定不要忽略其它两种类型的指印痕：模性压痕和可见压痕的可能性”这说明这两种指印较少，特别是模性压痕是在相当柔软，柔韧或者塑性表面留下的，作案人一般都是小心翼翼的，不留下指印，更不太可能在这类东西上压上一个指痕。至于可见压痕，是手上沾了“血，油脂，脏土，油漆之类物品”留下。“一般来说，这种类型的指印都是模糊不清或者是污脏难分，比较之下它们对鉴定来说，没有足够细节证据。” d. 清楚指印，没有这个专门名称。4. a. 两种。第三段第四句起“在显影指印时，公认的方法是用少许粉末，轻轻拂扫。如果指印在昏暗的灯光下可见，就可以摄影”，“指印轻扫后就用指纹胶带或商业专备材料把它们取下。这是一种专门设计用于取下和转移轻拂扫后的指印材料。”阅读理解-b1. six hours free parking if you spend $ 100 or more in our stores you will receive six hours of free parking. when you have spent $100 or more, just take this coupon and your receipt to the customer service desk on level 4. they will stamp your parking ticket to allow 6 hours of free parking.offer here until november 14. 2. win a $1000 cd collection win your choice of $1000 worth of cds from jb music store. just buy any two cds and your name will go into the competition. select your own prize from our wide variety of rock, pop, jazz and classical music. competition ends november 14. prize drawn on november 21.check store for more information. 3. buy one, get one free buy one shirt or tie at daniels menswear, and get another shirt or tie of the same value free. choose from any of our dress shirts and we will give you another one at no cost. hurry! offer ends november 14. offer limited to one per customer. 4. 10% off present this coupon at the book store to get a 10% discount on any books you buy. we have lots of books to choose from, including childrens books, novels, travel guides, and science works. you are sure to find something that you will enjoy. shop now for christmas, we have a large quantity of toys as gifts for you and avoid the rush!offer here until november 14.5. half-price movie tickets buy any full-price movie ticket on tuesdays or wednesdays, and you can buy a second tickets for a friend for only half price. the latest movies are here, being shown in one of our five theaters at bayfield shopping center.offer here through december 1, limit on per customer. 6. free soft drink buy any meal for at least $6 at mikes caf, and receive a free soft drink. we serve the best food in the shopping center. come in and try our delicious meals and our excellent service. you wont be disappointed!free soft drink offer ends november 14. 1. what are these ads for?a. food you can order for delivery. b. places to go on vacation.c. special offers at a shopping center.d. things on sale in a big store.2. which of the following is true according to the ads?a. spending $50 means 3 hours of free parking.b. one person can buy 5 tickets for the price of three.c. after buying two cds, you can get another two cds for free.d. at mikes caf, people can get a free drink after spending $6.3. which of the following is not mentioned at this mall?a. clothes store. b. music store. c. restaurant. d. toy store.4. we can know from this passage _.a. there is more than one theater in the center.b. if you buy a book there, you may pay less than half the price.c. you may get a free one if you buy a shirt, or a tie, or a pair of shoes.d. you wont get a free soft drink unless you spend more than 10 dollars on the meal. 【参考答案】14、cdda 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。adutch treat is a late-nineteenth-century term, and it originally refers to a dinner where everyone is expected to pay for his own share of the food and drink. if people go “dutch treat”, or simply “go dutch”, it means that they will share the expenses of a social engagement. there are many other “dutch” expressions in english, many of which were invented in britain in the seventeenth century, when the dutch and the english were commercial and military rivals. the british used “dutch” to refer to something bad, cheap and shameful. a “dutch bargain” at that time was an uneven, one-sided deal; “dutch reckoning” was an unitemized account; and “dutch widow” was slang for prostitute. later centuries brought in “dutch courage”, for bravery induced by drink; “dutch concert”, for discordant music; “dutch nightingale”, meaning a frog; and “double dutch”, for incomprehensible language, or unintelligible talk. some of the expressions are still in use today, but some are not. in fact, in american english, some “dutch” expressions have nothing to do with the dutch, but something with the german. it was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “dutch” and “deutsch” (the german word for german), when german immigrants came to america in the 1700s. for instance, “the pennsylvania dutch” refers to the german descendants, instead of the dutch descendants, living in pennsylvania. 56. many of the “dutch”