山东省济南市高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（9）.doc

山东省济南市2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（9）完形填空。for thousands of millions of years the moon has been going round the earth.at that time，the moon was the _1_ satellite(卫星)of the earth.today，_2_，the earth has many other satellites.all of them are _3_ by man.these manmade satellites are very much smaller than the moon.however，some of them will still be going _4_ the earth thousands of years from now. manmade satellites dont _5_ because they are going too fast to do so.as they speed along，they _6_ to go straight off into space.they _7_ out of the earth，or its gravity，which _8_ them from doing this.as a result，they travel in an orbit(轨道)round the earth.if a manmade satellite travels about at a certain height，it can keep going _9_ round the earth，just like the moon.this is _10_ it is above the atmosphere(大气)，and there is nothing to _11_ it down.if it travels _12_ than that，it will be slowed down so much that it will _13_ the earth. men have _14_ spaceships to the moon and to the two _15_ planets mars(火星) and venus(金星)by putting a camera on _16_ the spaceship to the moon，men have been able to _17_ photographs of the other side of the moon.this side is always _18_ from us as the moon _19_ the earth.the _20_ were later transmitted by radio to the earth.they showed that the other side of the moon is very much the same as the side that turns towards us.1a.first bsecond clast donly答案：d从常识以及下文的many other satellites可知在人造卫星之前月亮是地球唯一(only)的卫星。 2a.then bhowever cthough dso答案：b前后两句间有转折关系，所以用副词however“然而”。3a.found bdiscoveredcmade dsent答案：c根据下文these manmade satellites可知这些卫星是人造卫星。4a.with bround cbehind dafter答案：b根据上文going round the earth可知这些卫星绕着地球转。5a.fall brise cbreak dstop答案：a根据下文的they travel in an orbit round the earth.可知这些人造卫星由于速度快所以不会掉(fall)下来。 6a.want bwish chope dtend答案：d当加速时，卫星易于(tend to)进入太空。7a.pull bpush ctake dlaunch答案：a卫星离开(pull out of)地球，进入轨道。8a.protects bkeepscmakes ddiscourages答案：b地球重力阻止卫星离开地球。keep.from doing.“阻止做某事”。9a.in and in bon and oncout and out dup and up答案：b从上文可知卫星会一直绕着地球转。on and on“不停地”。10a.because bwhy cwhether dwhen答案：a本句介绍前句的原因。this is because.“这是因为”。11a.hand bforcecslow dbring答案：c根据上下文可知大气会使卫星慢下来。slow sth.down“使慢下来”。12a.higher blonger cmore dlower答案：d与上文above the atmosphere构成对应，所以使用lower。13a.leave away bfall tocgo after dknock over答案：b根据第二段第一句可知如果它的速度慢下来，卫星会掉入(fall to)地球。14a.gave boffered csent ddrove答案：c人们已经把宇宙飞船送上(send)了月球。15a.nearest bsmallestcbiggest dclosest答案：a由常识可知mars(火星)and venus(金星)是最近的(nearest)两个星球。closest表示“最靠近的”。 16a.board brightcleft dtop答案：aboard the spaceship“在宇宙飞船上”。17a.form bfilmccatch dtake答案：dtake photographs of“拍照”。18a.far bhiddencdifferent dseparated答案：b根据下文可知the other side of the moon是月球背朝地球的那一面。19a.leads bobeysccircles dpursues答案：c月球围绕(circle)地球转。20a.information bletterscsounds dphotos答案：d根据上文提到的photographs可知将照片(photos)发回地球。【2015高考复习】阅读理解most people watching jeremy lin these past two months saw jeremy lin，new york knicks star；but i，watching him，saw someone else.that was my elder brother，bob，who is athletic and energetic.he could never sit still when he was in second grade；he had to get up every now and then and run around the room.and sure enough，he grew up to be a starting player for an ncaa championship lacrosse (长曲棍球) team.he was a nikeendorsed marathoner，too，and reached the top of mt.everest，unguided，in his 50s.and yet my family never watched his lacrosse games.we did watch some of his marathons，but that wasnt until he was in his 20s.when bob was in his glory days，our shanghaineseborn parents were bent on getting him into medical school.there was a loving aspect to it：i can remember my father working through math books with him，lesson by lesson，at the big blackboard in the attic.bob never did become a doctor，though；and neither did iit wasnt until my younger sister came along that someone in the family finally wore a white coat.bob today could be the fittest 58yearold on the planet.his doctor estimates his biological age at 35；hes still big mountains in the himalayas.and，like jeremy lin，hes charming.no one sees bob without leaving with a laugh.he sometimes jokes he could be mayor of his building，and its true.to know him is to cheer for him.and yet my parents did not cheer for him.what if my mother had sat on the sidelines with her statistics，like jeremy lins mother？what if my father had played videos of athletes for my brother to watch and imitate？its hard not to wonder.and how did jeremy lins parents manage to do these remarkable things？amy chua，the tiger mother，recalls her immigrant father beating the kids whenever they mispronounced a chinese word.how is it that jeremy lins immigrant father in particular，gieming lin，encouraged his son to follow such an untraditional path?【语篇解读】林书豪的成功，使人们开始反思什么是最合适的教育方式。家长是应该把自己的意愿强加给孩子还是发挥孩子的特长呢？5. bobs glory days were those_.awhen he was doing well in mathbwhen he was in second gradecwhen he was made mayor of his building dwhen he showed his talents in sports解析推理判断题。根据文章一、二两段内容可知，鲍勃20多岁时在体育方面的表现很优秀，由此可推知，鲍勃最辉煌的时期应是他在体育运动中展现他的特长时。答案d6from the passage we can tell that bob is_.aactive and optimisticbclever and determinedcbrave and helpfuldconsiderate and independent解析细节理解题。根据第三段的第三、四、五句内容可知，鲍勃积极、乐观，故a项当选。答案a7which of the following statements is probably true?abob was always ignored by his parents.bbob could also have been a sport star.cbobs parents often watched his games.dnobody in the authors family was a doctor.解析正误判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知，鲍勃曾经在体育方面的表现非常优秀，多次获奖，若能坚持下去，他也许会成为一名体育明星，故b项正确。答案b8from the last two paragraphs we can infer that_.aparents should always study together with their childrenbparents should know how to educate their children properlycchildren should be punished when they do anything wrongdchildren should try to live up to the hopes of their parents解析推理判断题。在文章最后两段中，作者用反问句暗示出家长应该给孩子正确的教育，而不是强迫他们做这做那。答案b阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。 “the first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful,” says plato. self-control is at the root of all the advantages. let a man give in to his impulses(冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral(道德) freedom.a single angry word has lost many friends. when socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. if you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. many a person has dropped dead in great anger. fits of anger bring fits of disease. “whoever the gods would destroy they first make them mad.” “keep cool,” says webster, “anger is not argument.” “be calm in arguing,” says george herbert, “for fierceness(狂怒) makes error a fault.”to be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. “anger,” says pythagoras, “brings with folly and ends with regret.” you must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him. self-control is mans last and greatest victory. if a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. if he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also. (from )1. whats the main idea of the passage?a. the importance of self- control. b. how to conquer oneself?c. the relation between a mans moral freedom and his feelings.d. a man should keep cool.2. whats the meaning of “whoever the gods would destroy they first make them mad”?a. if you are mad, the gods will kill you.b. if you lose your temper first, gods will kill you first.c. if you cant control yourself, you will be crazy.d. if the gods want to kill you, they will make you mad first.3. which of the following is not true, according to passage?a. the first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself.b. you will make a small mistake serious if you dont keep cool.c. you must measure a mans strength by the power of the feelings which conquer him.d. anger brings with folly and ends with regret. 4. which of the following cant help you avoid anger, according to the passage?a. be calm in arguing. b. check your temper or anger by speaking low.c. keep your mouth shut. d. try to make the other angry first.1. a 主旨大意题。根据文章第 1 段的第 2 句 self-control is at the root of all the advantages 及全文的内容可知，本文的大意是“自控的重要性”。故答案选 a。2. d 语义理解题。根据上文 you can hold back rising anger. many a person has dropped dead in great anger. fits of anger bring fits of disease 可知答案选 d。3. c 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第 3 段的最后一句 you must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him 可知，选项 c 与之矛盾。故答案选 c。4. d 推理判断题。根据文章第 2 段的第 2 句和第 3 句以及最后一句可以排除选项 a、b、c，从而得出答案为 d。社会生活型阅读理解。we all know what it is like to be unable to turn your head because of a cold in the muscles (肌肉) of your neck, or because an unexpected twist(扭曲)has made your neck ache. the slightest move makes you jump with pain. nothing could be worse than a pain in the neck. that is why we use the phrase to describe some people who give you the same feeling. we have all met such people.one is the man who always seems to be clapping his handsoften at the wrong timeduring a performance in the theatre. he keeps you from hearing the actors.even worse are those who can never arrive before the curtain goes up and the play begins. they come hurrying down to your row of seats. you are comfortably settled down, with your hat and heavy coat in your lap. you must stand up to let them pass. you are proud of yourselfcontrol after they have settled into their seatswell, what nowgod, one of them is up again. he forgot to go to the mens room, and once more you have to stand up, hanging on to your hat and coat to let him pass. now, that is “a_pain_in_the_neck”another, wellknown to us all, is the person sitting behind you in the movies. his mouth is full of popcorn (爆米花); he is chewing(嚼)loudly, or talking between bites to friends next to him. none of them remain still. up and down, back and forth, they gofor another bag of popcorn, or something to drink.then, there is the man sitting next to you at lunch, smoking. he wants you to enjoy it too, and blows smoke across your food into your mouth.we must not forget the man who comes into a bus or subway and sits down next to you, just as close as you will let him. you are reading the newspaper and he gets closer so that he can read the paper with you. he may even turn the paper to the next page before you are ready for it.we also call such a person a “rubber neck”， always getting close to where it does not belong, like neighbours who watch all your visitors. they enjoy learning about your personal business. people have a strong dislike for “rubber necks”. they hate being watched secretly.1. where can you find this passage?a. in a medicine dictionary. b. in a kids story book. c. in a social science book. d. in a science textbook.2. according to the passage, how do you feel when late comers walk back and forth in front of you in a cinema?a. disturbed. b. bored. c. ignored. d. relaxed.3. a “rubber neck” often _a. says bad words behind people b. quarrels face to face with neighboursc. bargains with salespeople over the price d. asks about other peoples business4. which of the following persons cannot be described as a “pain in the neck”？a. someone who often claps at the wrong time during a performance.b. someone who feels ache in his neck due to a cold in the muscles.c. someone who sits next to you smoking, which you never enjoy. d. someone who keeps eating or talking all through the movies. 5what is the main purpose of the author? ato tell people what might be bad manners in public.bto criticize (批评) the people who might be a “pain in the neck”. cto show anger to those who are described as a “pain in the neck”. dto tell people how to stop the pain in the neck.【要点综述】 文章介绍了一些在公共场合不礼貌的行为，可以把有这些行为的人比喻成“pain in the neck”。1c 推理判断题。这篇文章讲述了一些在社交场合让人不舒服的行为，所以本文应该是出自一本社交科学的书，故选c项。2a推理判断题。从第四段的句子“you must stand up to let them pass. you are proud of yourselfcontrol after they have settled into their seats”可知，这种行为让你感觉很厌烦，故选a项。3d细节理解题。从最后一段的“they enjoy learning about your personal business.”可知，rubber neck是喜欢打探别人隐私的人，故选d项。4b细节理解题。文章介绍的 pain in the neck 的人是从行为上让人厌烦的，不是真的有颈椎病的人，故选b项。5a 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了一些在公共场合不礼貌的行为，故选a项。 高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项。a popular saying goes, “sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” however, thats not really true. words have the power to build us up or tear us down. it doesnt matter if the words come from someone elses or ourselves - the positive and negative effects are just as lasting. we all talk to ourselves sometimes. were usually too embarrassed to admit it, though. in fact, we really shouldnt be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit.this “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. so in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves. we should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back. the next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying “good job!”often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have. but we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. for example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. and the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner. or harsh（刻薄的）and critical language will most likely cause the clerk to be defensive.words possess power because of their lasting effect. many of us regret something we once said. and we remember unkind words said to us! before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: is it loving? is it needed? if what we want to say doesnt pass this test, then its better left unsaid.words possess power: both positive and negative. those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. we can offer hope, build self-esteem（自尊）and motivate others to do their best. negative words destroy all those things. will we use our words to hurt or to heal? the choice is ours.1. the main idea of the first paragraph is that _.a. words have a lasting effect on us b. not sticks and stones but words will hurt usc. inspiring words give us confidence d. negative words may let us down答案解析：答案为a。本题考查段落大意。段落大意一般通过段落的topic sentence来体现，第一段的最后一句话 “the positive and negative effects are just as lasting.” 即为该段的 topic s