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Mark- 雅思写作素材库大型考点交通类论点:(考点涉及:car、public transport)经典考题:Some people think that private cars should be restricted in cities. Do you agree or disagree?1. 汽车工业促进了经济的发展。(汽车的好处)Automobile industry largely boosts the economic development. 例子:Skoda对于捷克经济 / General Motors对美国 (Skoda曾经贡献了Czech经济的一半。)原因:汽车工业能够促进很多的relative industries的发展,如:钢铁,塑胶,玻璃结果:这样的话(Thus/Therefore/In this way/Hence)人的生活水平就能极大提高 2. 限制汽车使用可以通过征税的方式来解决。(解决方案)The government may effectively restrict car use by putting tax on it. 例子:伦敦,香港,北欧. 在这些地方,使用汽车代价太大,人们出行(travel)更多时候是骑自行车或者乘坐地铁(take the underground)对比:In stark contrast, 在中国内地,买车用车是很多普通家庭可以承受的(affordable),因为国家为了GDP发展并没有对这个进行行动(take action)3. 汽车的使用也会对人的健康不利。(汽车的坏处)Using cars as a transport contributes to poor health. 原因:人们容易养成缺乏运动的生活方式( sedentary lifestyle)甚至 变懒 (get lazy) 对比:Unlike driving,走路或者cycling消耗(consume)大量的energy,这是很好的physical activity 4. 过度使用汽车造成交通堵塞。(汽车的坏处)Overusing cars inevitably leads to traffic congestion.举例:比如在rush hour的时候,在一些巨型城市(metropolitan cities),道路变成了natural car parks结果:这样的话(Thus),严重影响了效率,人的心情(mood),甚至城市的文明5. 汽车的使用也破坏了环境。(汽车的坏处)The popularization of cars causes environmental damage. 原因:排放了一些chemicals, 如 carbon dioxide,CO, HC, NOX, Pb定语从句:which极大的危害人类的健康,孩子的成长(childrens growth),和人的心情6. 使用汽车代步确实也提高了人的生活质量。(汽车的好处)Using private cars as a travel mode indeed enhances the quality of life.原因:快 speedy, 舒适 cozy, 节约时间 time-saving举例:extreme weather时,使用汽车的惬意(a sense of cool and satisfaction)是其它交通方式所不能比的。媒体类:(media、TV、newspaper、radio、cell phone、internet)1. 媒体的发展改变了我们获取信息的方式。(媒体的好处)The advance of media revolutionizes the way we acquire information. 过去现在对比:在过去,获取信息靠reading and traveling,But今天,世界就在指尖 (The world is on the tip of the finger.)结果:因此Thus,人们有着更加丰富的了解(deeper understanding)对于这个世界。 2. 媒体也一直误导着人们。(媒体的坏处)The media has also been misleading the audience. 原因:夸大事实(exaggerate vt.),编新闻(fabricate news),从而获取higher ratings例子:在google中,我们总能搜索到任何名人的死讯(reports of death of any celebrities),尽管他们仍然还活蹦乱跳(although they are still kicking and alive)3. 沉迷于媒体不利于人的健康。 (媒体的坏处)Indulgence in media contributes to poor health. 原因:partly because 对eye和physical posture不好, but principally because 人们容易养成sedentary lifestyle。机构数据:根据一些分析,七成左右的年轻人都会选择晚饭后collapse in front of a screen 【“崩溃在屏幕面前” - 时尚的表达玩电脑,看电视和玩手机】4. 沉迷于媒体剥夺了人的想象力和创造力。(媒体的坏处)Addiction to media deprives individuals of imagination and creativity.原因:信息获取太多缩小了想象的空间 (narrow the space of imagination)举例:20世界中叶以来(Since the middle of 20th century),对月亮的清楚了解让人们对月亮的想象和一些传说(legend)消失(fade)5. 媒体甚至能够让人走上犯罪的道路。(媒体的坏处)Even media may lead the individuals to the criminal road.原因:很多人,尤其是adolescents,喜欢模仿(imitate)犯罪的镜头(criminal depictions)比如:杀人(killing),盗窃(theft),抢劫(robbery) .名言:Imitation is suicide - Emerson 6. 在这个信息爆炸的年代,任何人都需要批判性思维。(解决方案)In this information-explosion society, it is required to possess critical thinking. 原因:信息太多,真假难辨 (hard to distinguish right from wrong)结果:这样的话 Therefore, 我们对世界的了解将会变得扭曲(distorted), 我们的判断力(judgment)也会下降(weaken)。城市化:(urbanization带来的好处与问题)1. 城市化必然会导致人才和资源的集中化。(城市化的坏处)Urbanization inevitably contributes to the centralization of talents and resources.结果:因此 Thus,城乡发展(The development of urban and rural areas)将会变得不平衡(imbalanced)举例:In my city, city center 总是overcrowded, 尤其周末水泄不通cramped, 而在suburb,八竿子打不到人 (It is more likely to see a wild creature than to meet a human)2. 城市化导致基础设施的压力。(城市化的坏处)City expansion causes pressure on infrastructure. 举例:交通拥挤(traffic congestion),看病麻烦(crowded hospitals)结果:因此Thus,人的生活质量和满意度(satisfaction)下降,甚至影响social stability。3. 城市化也会引起失业。(城市化的坏处)Urbanization also creates unemployment.原因:partly because decent jobs总是有限的,而人却变得越来越多, but principally because 很多农民变成了市民,他们并没有好的技能(fresh skills)去earn a living.结果:因此 Hence, 严重危害社会安全(social security), 导致犯罪率上升(a rising crime rate)4. 城市生活易产生一些压力相关的病。(城市化的坏处)City life may also create some stress-related illnesses.举例:ranging from depression to insomnia 原因:because of 城市生活节奏快(rapid pace of life), 生活成本高 (high cost of living)贫富差距大 (wide gap between social classes)5. 城市的发展也导致垃圾的增加。(城市化的坏处)The boom of cities contributes to the rising amount of waste.原因:城里人每天消耗的更多 (consume so much more on a daily basis),而且喜欢图方便买包装好的食品(packaged food or canned food)结果:因此 Thus, 垃圾处理(waste disposal)变得困难,危害人的居住环境 (endanger living surroundings )6. 城市化促进了第三产业的发展。(城市化的好处)Urban sprawl promotes the development of tertiary industry. 原因:城市居民(urban residents)更加的相互依赖(are more mutually dependent)举例:For example,教师需要依赖医生看病,而医生依赖与律师打官司对比:In stark contrast,农村生活更多是一种自给自足的方式(self-service way of life)文化类 (考点包括:museum, art gallery, music, film, novel 等这种艺术文化)经典考点:Some people think museums are not necessary in the present age when information is available online. Do you agree or disagree?1. 文化场所如博物馆可以让人得到放松和娱乐。(文化的好处)Cultural venues like museums offer a way for individuals to get relaxed and entertained. 解释:换句话说,在这些场所,人们可以忘记工作的压力(stress in work)和生活不愉快 (unhappiness in life)对比:In stark contrast, 其它的娱乐方式如唱歌跳舞仅仅带来的是entertainment,而没有relaxation。 2. 文化满足了人们的心理需求。(文化的好处)Cultures satiate peoples psychological demands.举例:在今天,大部分的国家 (In most parts of the world)已经进入到富裕的社会(wealthier societies),文化需求(cultural needs)变得更加重要(more urgent)。举例:每年,更多的人自杀(commit suicide)是因为心理的问题(psychological problems)而不是(rather than)贫困(poverty)。3. 文化也可以充当一种消遣方式。(文化的好处)Cultures also serve as a way of pastime. 举例:看一部电影,读一本小说可能对于很多人来说是一种完美的渡过无聊时光的方式(a perfect way to idle away the boring moments)比较:这样看来(In this way,)cultural experience is analogous to a way of entertainment. 4. 很多文化的场所人们并不常去有点浪费钱。(建设文化场所的坏处)Some cultural venues are not frequently visited by citizens, therefore it is, to some extent, a waste of money. 原因:生活节奏快(The rapid pace of life)让今天的人变的很宅 (sedentary)举例:In my city, 博物馆一直很冷清(private),甚至有时候关门(closed)。科技类(考点:任何的现代科技,主要指现代的交通和通讯工具)1. 科技的发展极大的改善了人的生活。(科技的好处)Scientific advances largely improve peoples life. 原因:因为科技让生活变得快捷舒适 (make life speedy and comfortable)举例:在20世纪初(In the early 20th century),从中国去欧洲坐船需要耗时一个多月(it took months to travel from China to Europe),今天,任何地方都是一天的距离(within one-day flight )。2. 现代科技促进了经济的发展。(科技的好处)Modern science and technology boost the development of economy.原因: 因为交通便利,国际贸易发展迅速(world trading activities are booming)举例:美国的水果,德国的啤酒在中国都不罕见3. 科技的发展也导致了能源危机。(科技带来的坏处)Technological advances also contribute to energy crisis.原因:现代的交通方式如air travel,express train 都特别耗能(energy-consuming)。反面:如果不研发出替代性能源(alternative energy),人类未来将会变得不确定(uncertain)。4. 现代交通也带了一些安全隐患。(现代科技的坏处)Modern transports creates some safety hazards. 举例:如中国动车追尾(express train rear-end in China), 空难(air crash)原因:高端的科技毕竟(after all)还不够完善,致命的故障(fatal breakdown)仍然会发生。5. 现代科技如医疗的发展极大的减轻了人的病痛延长了寿命。(现代科技带来的好处)Technological advances like medical progress largely ease peoples suffering and prolong life span. 结果:这样的话(Therefore),人们才能活的更幸福(live in happiness),并且也有利于人生价值的实现 (help to realize the value of life)。举例:曾经被认为是没救的病在今天已经不是太大的问题。The diseases that were considered as mortal are no longer medical headaches today.动物类 (考点:使用动物的问题如动物实验)经典考点:Some people think using animals for human purposes is totally unacceptable. Do you agree or disagree?1. 动物实验能够促进医学的发展。Animal testing promotes the development in clinical research. 举例:比如,一些新发明的药物(newly-invented remedies)能够在动物身上进行检测。结果:这样的话,减少药物对人的风险(risk) 减轻(alleviate/ease)人类的痛苦,延长(prolong)了人的寿命2. 使用动物作为宠物给主人带来了心里安慰。Animals as pets afford their masters consolation and comfort. 原因:社会复杂,朋友变少,缺爱(long for love and loyalty)举例:很多人都喜欢养狗来当做一种心里的安慰3. 过度使用动物会破坏生态平衡。Overusing animals damages natural balance.原因: 因为一个物种(one species)的减少,也就导致了其天敌(natural enemy)数量的增多。举例:在中国很多山区(hilly areas),过度捕蛇导致了老鼠的泛滥。(rats haunting)4. 使用动物也有可能传播一些危及生命的疾病。It is also likely that exploiting animals transmits life-threatening diseases.举例:bird flu,mad cow disease 举例:很多来源与动物的疾病(animal-related diseases)甚至会导致大量的人类死亡,尤其是在过去 检疫(quarantine)不发达(underdeveloped)。5. 使用动物,应当减少动物的痛苦。It is required to alleviate animals suffering when we need to exploit them.结果:这样的话Thus,我们的内疚(guilt)会少一些 原因:一个文明社会(civilized society)的人至少要心存(have . in heart)人道主义态度(humane attitude)犯罪类 (主考report:原因和解决)1. 很多人犯罪是因为憎恨社会。Many individuals commit crimes because they resent the society. 原因: partly because 社会不公平, but principally because 心里创伤 (trauma)结果:这样的话,反社会行为(anti-social behavior)会让他们感到平衡和开心。 2. 青少年的犯罪更多是因为父母无暇陪伴。Teenagers crime is more likely due to parents negligence.原因:社会节奏快,工作压力大机构数据:根据一些分析,在英国,7成左右的少年犯(young offenders)都是来自于父母忙碌的家庭。3. 监禁无疑是解决犯罪的一个重要手段。Imprisonment is undoubtedly an important device to solve crime. 原因:partly because 民众安全,but principally because 罪犯自己在监狱里有时间去考虑自己的过错 举例:在监狱里,很多重犯(hardened criminals)都是独自关押(are imprisoned in a separate cell)4. 强制性的社区服务也是一个很好的途径来解决犯罪问题。Compulsory community service is another effective way to deal with the problem of crimes.原因:罪犯不会彻底的脱离社会(cut off from society),也不会增加政府用于监狱管理和维持的财政负担(financial burden)对比:In stark contrast, 监禁不仅仅需要大量的开销 而且也会让罪犯最终 不能适应(adapt to)这个不断改变的世界 (changing world)环境类 : (考点包括:环境问题谁来解决?怎么解决?环境破坏的原因)经典考点:Environmental problems should be solved by the government. Do you agree or disagree?1. 政府处理环境问题更有效果因为政府有着经济实力和专业的团队。 It is more likely that environmental problems could be effectively addressed if the government can participate in the campaign. This is partly because the government has financial power and professional environmental groups. 对比:相反,个人以及一些公司,尽管有着热情(enthusiasm)来参与(participate),但是没有经验,也缺少了资金。举例:In my city, 环境问题一度像北京一样severe, 但是自从my city council在2010年采取行动之后,蓝天白云又出现了。 2. 政府应该参与处理环境问题,也因为这是一个政府的责任。 It is the governments responsibility to take action to better the environmental conditions. 解释:换句话说,政府应该是为人民服务的,创造更好的生活和环境。In other words, the government is expected to serve the people, by creating better life and better place to live. 原因:因为人民的意愿才形成了政府,人民的税收才养活了政府。3. 解决环境问题可以通过鼓励低碳生活来解决。 Low-carbon life should be encouraged to address the pressing environmental problems.举例:在城市中,应该鼓励市民采用公用交通(adopt public transport)或者自行车出行.举例:还可以去教育大众尽量减少包装食品的购买,而多去买新鲜的食物。It is also wise to educate the general public to avoid buying packaged food to reduce waste production. Instead, they are expected to choose fresh food, which not only benefits health, but also minimize the use of bags and boxes. 4. 政府还应该对产生污染的工厂,包装豪华的产品进行征税甚至罚款。It is also required that the government impose tax on and even fine the polluting factories and luxuriously-packaged goods. 原因:因为工厂排放(emit)废气废水(exhaust gas and water )和产品的包装(packaging)是污染的重要来源。举例:During the Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival, moon-cake manufacturers spend even more money on packaging than the moon-cakes contained inside. 小型考点国际援助(international aid)Q:Charity organizations should focus on their own country only. Do you agree or disagree?1. 慈善组织的援助应该不分国籍,而应该援助真正需要帮助人。Charity organizations are required to support the individuals in real need, rather than the individuals in their own country only. 定语从句:which 才能符合(accord)人道主义精神,才能成为真正的慈善举例:中国的改革开放后发展迅速,人们不再挨饿(starving),也是因为日本,美国给了大量的援助。2. 国际援助有助于维护世界和平。International aid helps to maintain the world peace which has been the dream for generations after the second world war, one of the bloodiest war in human history. (此句显示了废话的分量)举例: 中国对日本2011年海啸(tsunami)的援助 极大的舒缓(ease)了当时中日的紧张(tension)结果:因此 Thus,两国间了解也增加了,对话增加,战争的隐患(potential hazard)减少。 3. 当然,国际援助也有可能导致产生经济控制。(国际援助的弊端)Admittedly,some developed countries make investment to the developing countries for economic control.解释:换句话说,很多国际的援助并不是出于love and mercy or human attitude 举例:随着中法日三国越来越多的对非洲援助,非洲的发展和前景变得更渺茫。For example, the prospect of African development has become bleak and dark, with increasing financial aids from China, France, and Japan. 原因:因为工厂,资源 (resources),铁路 (railway),矿产 (mineral) 等等都控制在别国手里。 暴力电影和游戏Q: Violent depictions in films and games should be banned. Do you agree or disagree?“整体应该选择disagree”1. 暴力是一种美学,也是艺术的需要。Violent depiction belongs to a branch of aesthetics, and it is an artistic device. 举例:很多电影作品比如战争类型或者犯罪都有一些暴力或者血腥的镜头假设:If 这些影片被刻画(depict)的太温和,那么就会变得less impressive, thus losing its effect.2. 暴力的情节不一定会产生暴力的行为,而且还能够释放人们压力。Violent depictions may not produce violent behaviors in reality. Instead, they even serve as a way to release pressure.原因: violent films or games常常被看做是一种情绪的宣泄口(outlet of negative sentiments,like anger)比较:这样看来(In this way), it is analogous to extreme sports. 3. 当然,对青少年的危害不能否认。因为他们喜欢模仿。Certainly, the negative impacts on adolescents cannot be denied, since they like to imitate what is shown on screen. 免费教育或医疗Q: The government should provide free education and medical service. Do you agree or disagree?1. 免费的教育和医疗必然增加人们赋税。 Free education and medical care mean the rising tax from the general public. 原因:因为国家的花费(budget)当然来源于(originate)人民。结果:这样的话 (In this way),free schooling or medicine are not really free, but from the purse of you and me. 2. 免费的教育医疗会导致不公平。. . create social unfairness原因:因为每个人都得交更多税,而不管人们对此是否感兴趣,或者是否有这个需要This is partly because it is compulsory for every social member to pay increasing tax, regardless of whether a person is interested in this or whether he or she has the need. 举例:在英国,有过半的人不愿意(reluctant)在大学教育中浪费自己的时间。3. 太过完善的社会福利会造成懒惰现象。Over perfect social welfare only creates laziness among the general public. 举例:比如在法国,西班牙,希腊,北欧 甚至很多年轻人都缺乏奋斗意识。结果:因此,这些国家都面临着停滞(economic stillness)甚至国家破产(national bankruptcy)的危机。4. 然而,对于穷人的特殊关照不能忽视了。比如,在美国,虽然没有免费的全民医疗,但是一个穷人看病也不会有麻烦,因为对穷人可以免去费用。However,the special care to the poorer cannot be ignored. In the US where free medical care has not established yet, the lower classes have no difficulty in seeing a doctor in state-owned hospitals, because it is totally free to those people.寄宿学校Some people think children should stay at boarding schools. Do you agree or disagree?1. 寄宿学校有利于培养孩子的独立性。Boarding school experience helps to cultivate young childrens independence.定语从句:which 是一个非常重要的品质对于一个人的将来。原因:这是因为在今天,很多家庭都只有一个孩子,娇生惯养(spoil)导致孩子缺乏独立性2. 寄宿学校培养孩子的交流能力。. . also develops childrens communicational skills.解释:换句话说,在学校里,孩子们有机会(opportunities)去和同龄的孩子交朋友 相处(get on with the kids of similar age)对比:In stark contrast, this cannot be achieved at home with parents.原因:因为大多数家庭都没有兄弟姐妹可以交流。3. 然而,寄宿学校带来的问题也不能否认,因为长久住校会影响父母和孩子的关系。However,the problems caused by boarding schools cannot be denied, since long living at school creates weakening relationship between children and their parents.广告1. 广告能够让顾客提前了解自己想要的产品。Advertising informs the customers with the information of products in advance.结果:Therefore,广告就充当了一个display window,节约了挑选的时间原因:因为在今天,物品琳琅满目,让人头晕目眩。This is partly because, the market is flooded with commodities, which is stunning and confusing. 2. 广告能够刺激消费促进经济发展。Advertising also serves as way to stimulate public spending, thus promoting economic development. 解释:现代人可支配的钱变多了,花钱可以让经济变得更活跃。 对比:In stark contrast, saving money in banks 不利于市场经济的发展。举例:在2008年的经济危机中,中国政府正是鼓励大众买房消费才克服了危机。3. 有些广告比如公益广告还是很有教育作用的。Some advertisements like the non-profits ones has educational meaning to the audience.举例:尤其是一些名人明星(stars and celebrities)出演的广告,影响力极大原因:因为他们是普通人的偶像(idol)和模仿的对象(the ones that we like to imitate)4. 广告也不可避免的会夸大事实,甚至误导消费者。It is also an undeniable fact that some advertisements may exaggerate the facts, thus misleading the consumers. 举例:一些神药(cure-all remedies)都被证明是无效的结果:这样的话(Therefore),人的生命都有可能受到威胁警察持枪【整体应该disagree】1. 警察持枪会增加社会的恐怖(terror)和不稳定(instability)。2. 持械还会引起开枪失误(mis-shot),导致不可逆转的影响 (irreversible influence)。3. 警察枪支被盗或者丢失影响巨大。The police guns may be stolen or lost which has great impacts. 4. 但是一部分特警的存在还是必要,但是不能出现在普通人的生活当中

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