七年级英语笔记.doc

1. 介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示在中， 在内。例如： in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on 表示在上。例如： on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示在下。例如： under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下 4). behind表示在后面。例如： behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示在附近。例如： near the teachers desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示在处。例如： at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示的。例如： a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2. 冠词 a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。 Its an English book. 这是一本英语书。 His father is a worker. 他的爸爸是个工人。 the既可以用在可数名词前，也可以用在不可数名词前，表示某个或某些特定的人或事物，也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。 Whos the boy in the hat? 戴帽子的男孩是谁呀？ - What can you see in the classroom? - I can see a bag. - Wheres the bag? - Its on the desk. - 你能在教室里看到什么呀？ - 我能看见一个书包。 - 书包在哪呀？ - 在桌子上。 3.some和any 在肯定句中用some.例如： There are some books on the desk.桌子上有一些书。 Lucy has some good books露西有一些好书。 在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如： Is there any ink in your pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗？ Do you have any brothers and sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗？ There isnt any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。 记住它们的特殊用法。 some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中，这一点我们不久就会学到。例如： Would you like to have some apples?你想吃苹果吗？ any也可用于肯定句中，表示任何的。例如： Any one of us can do this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。 some 和any的用法是经常出现的考点，希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。 4.family family看作为一个整体时，意思是家庭，后面的谓语动词be用单数形式 is ；如把family看作为家庭成员时，应理解为复数，后面的谓语动词be应用are。 My family is a big family. 我的家庭是个大家庭。 My family are all at home now. 我的家人现在都在家。 Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。 house指家、房屋，侧重居住的建筑本身。 His family are all workers. 他的家人都是工人。 My home is in Beijing. 我的家在北京。 He isnt at home now. 他现在不在家。 Its a picture of my family. 这是一张我全家的照片。 5. little的用法 a little dog 一只小狗，a little boy 一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。 *但little还可表示否定意义，意为少的，加不可数名词。 There is little time. 几乎没时间了。 There is little water in the cup. 杯中水很少。 词组 on the desk 在桌子上 behind the chair 在椅子后 under the chair 在椅子下面 in her pencil-box 在她的铅笔盒中 near the door 在门附近 a picture of a classroom 一个教室的图片 look at the picture 看这张图片 the teachers desk 讲桌 a map of China 一张中国地图 family tree 家谱 have a seat 坐下，就坐 this way 这边走 二. 日常用语 1. Come and meet my family. 2. Go and see. I think its Li Lei. 3. Glad to meet you. 4. What can you see in the picture? I can see a clock / some books. 5. Can you see an orange? Yes, I can. / No, I cant. 6. Wheres Shenzhen? Its near Hong Kong. 7. Let me see.（口语）让我想想看。 see 在这是明白、懂了，不可译作看见。例如： 8. Please have a seat. seat表示座位，是个名词。have a seat表示就坐，也可以说take a seat, 和sit down的意思相同。 三. 语法 1. 名词所有格 名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用名词所有格的形式，意为的。一般有以下几种形式： （1）. 一般情况下在词尾加s。例如： Kates father Kate的爸爸 my mothers friend 我妈妈的朋友 （2）. 如果复数名词以s结尾，只加。例如： Teachers Day 教师节 The boys game 男孩们的游戏 （3）. 如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加s。例如： Childrens Day 儿童节 Womens Day 妇女节 （4）. 表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如： Lucy and Lilys room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jims father Kate 和Jim的爸爸 动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加s，而常常用介词of的短语来表示。 a map of China 一幅中国地图 the name of her cat 她的猫的名字 a picture of my family 我的家庭的一张照片 the door of the bedroom 卧室的门 2. 祈使句 祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语，读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时，please前多用逗号。 （1）. 祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。 Go and see. 去看看。 Come in, please. 请进。 （2）. 祈使句的否定形式常用dont于句首。 Dont look at your books. 不要看书。 Dont play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。 3. There be 的句子结构 There be是一个存在句型，表示有的意思， 肯定句的形式为：There be + 名词（单数或复数）+地点状语或时间状语。 be动词单复数的确定，看be后边第一个名词，当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时，be动词形式为is；当所接主语为复数名词时，be动词为are；当be动词后接两个以上主语时，be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为某地有某人或某物。如： There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。 There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。 （1）there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。 否定形式为：There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。 There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。 There arent any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。 （2）there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首：Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语？肯定回答：Yes, there is / are. 否定回答：No, there isnt / arent. -Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗？ -Yes, there is. 有。 -Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗？ -No, there arent. 没有。 （3）特殊疑问句：How many . . . are there (+地点状语)？某地有多少人或物？回答用There be . . . Theres one. / There are two / three / some . . . 有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . . -How many students are there in the classroom? 教室里有多少学生？ -Theres only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。 （4）如果名词是不可数名词，用：How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语？ How much water is there in the cup? 杯中有多少水？ How much food is there in the bowl? 碗里有多少食物？ 11回答者： 085200401714 - 二级 2010-1-18 09:31 我来评论 相关内容 英语语法的句子结构是？232008-9-21 英语语法,句子结构怎么划分82007-12-15 英语语法句子结构问题42008-12-25 英语语法句子结构262008-2-20 英语语法好的帮着分析下长句的句子结构成分52009-2-24查看同主题问题： 句子结构 英语语法 七年级 人教版 等待您来回答 已知（1/3-1/5）1/2=1/15，(1/5-1/7) 1/2，(1/7-1/9)1/2+1/63 用1-9填81个格，-代表是空格。高手请进！ VS2005 和 IVF9.1混合编程问题（急求帮助！） 求mastercam 9.1破解版下载地址 为什么ping 10.71.1.9返回的是59.37.71.86 4月1日起 上海哈根达斯最低工资是9月么 会友通网络电话的资费是1毛9还是9分5啊？ 小学数学 怎样使9 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 =1997 其他回答共 4 条你去买本参考书，比如那个什么王后雄的那个，基本都有，20左右 回答者：匿名 2010-1-16 20:09 你不记吗？ 回答者： 大哥哥和小弟弟 - 三级 2010-1-16 21:01 新目标七年级上册分单元重点句型和词组最新整理I.重点句型StarterGood morning/afternoon/evening. Good morning/afternoon/evening.How are you? Im fine,/OK,thanks. Fine,thanks.Whats this in English? Its a map. Its V.Spell it please. K-E-Y.What color is it/the key? Its blue. The key is yellow.Hello, Frank. Hello/Hi, Eric.Unit 1 My name is Gina.I.重点句型Whats your name? My name is Jenny. /Im Jenny. /Jenny.Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you , too.Whats his name? His name is Jenny. Jenny.Whats her name? Her name is Linda. Linda.Whats your first name? My first name is Jack. Jack.Whats your last/family name? My last/family name is Green. Its Green.Whats your/his/her phone number? My /His/Her phone number is 234-4567. /Its 281-9176.II.词组1 names=name is 名字是2 Im=I am 我是3 shes=she is 她是hes=he is 他是youre =you are 你是（复数形式）theyre=they are 他（她；它）们是thats=that is 那是isnt=is not 不是（单数形式）hes not =he is not=he isnt 他不是whats=what is 什么是wheres=where is 在哪儿是Lets=Let us 让我们4 Nice to meet/see you 见到你很高兴 5 last name=family name=surname 姓氏6 first name = given name 名字7 telephone number 电话号码=phone number 电话号码8 ID card 身份证9 Good morning (to sb) 早上好10 Good afternoon 下午好11 Good night /evening . 晚上好12 Sit down, please. =Have a seat, please. 请坐 13 Thats all right. 好；行；不用谢；没关系 Thats right . 对的、正确的 All right . 好的，行，好吧14 Not at all.=Its a/my pleasure.=Thats OK.=Youre welcome.=Thats all right. 不用谢Unit 2 Is this your pencil?I.重点句型Is that/this/it your backpack? Yes, it is. No, it isnt . Its his backpack.This/That is my eraser.How do you spell it/pen? P-E-N.Call Allan at 486-67895 Call 685-6098 Call Mary. Phone # 235-7865.Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.II.词组1 pencil case 铅笔盒2 pencil sharpener 卷笔刀3 pen pal =pen friend 笔友4 Thank you. =Thanks . 谢谢你5 in English 用英语6 computer game(s) 电子游戏7 Lost and Found 失物招领8 a set of 一副；一套 a set of keys 一串钥匙9 whos=who is 谁是11 its=it is 它是12 look at 朝看13 ball-point pen 圆珠笔14 call sb at+电话号码 打电话给某人15 gold ring 金戒指16 school ID card 校卡17 See you later.=See you soon . 再见Unit 3 This is my sister.I.重点句型That/This is his sister.These/Those are my two brothers.Is she your friend? Yes, she is. No, she isnt.Is he your brother? Yes, he is. No, he isnt.Thanks for the photo of your family.Here is my family photo.Whos your sister? This/She is my sister.II.词组1 Thanks for.+n./doing sth 为而感谢2 pen friend 笔友3 arent=are not 不是（复数形式）4 Thanks for your help 为了感谢你的帮助5 in the picture 在图中6 look at 朝看7 talk about 谈论关于8 family photo 家庭照片9 family tree 家谱10 what about=how about 关于怎么样11 draw a picture 画画12 a photo(picture) of 的一张照片13 on the back of the photo 在照片背后14 take photos (a photo) 拍照Unit 4 Wheres my backpack?I.重点句型Wheres my backpack? Its under the table.Where are your baseballs? Theyre on the floor.Is the baseball on the sofa? Yes ,it is. No, it isnt.I dont know.Are they on the bed? Yes, they are./ No, they arent.Are these/those your books? Yes, they are. No, they arent.Please take these things to your sister.Can you bring some things to school?The keys are in the drawer.Heres my room.II.词组1 in the drawer 在抽屉里2 dont=don not 不是（动词主语形式）3 in pair 成对的4 Goodbye.= Bye-bye 再见5 behind the computer 在电脑后面 6 write down 写下；记下7 Im sorry 对不起8 act out 表演出来9 alarm clock 闹钟10 video tape 录像带11 soccer ball 英式足球12 school bag 书包13 in the backpack 在书包里14 under the bed 在床下15 on the chair 在椅子上16 on the dresser 在梳妆台上17 math book 数学书18 take sth to(there/him/+地点) 把带去19 bring sth to (here/me/+地点) 把带来20 the math book 这本数学书21 the notebook 这个笔记本 22 on the floor 在地上 Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?I.重点句型Do you have a ping-pong ball? Yes, I do. No, I dont.Does he/she have a tennis racket? Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesnt.Lets play ping-pong.Its boring.That sounds good/interesting.I dont have a ping-pong ball.He/She doesnt have a volleyball.She/He has a great sports collection.We have many sports clubs.He watches them on TV.Do you have some more paper? Yes, I do. /No, I dont.II.词组1 tennis racket 网球拍2 baseball bat 棒球球拍3 doesnt=does not 不是（动词三单形式）4 watch TV 看电视5 have /play/do sports 做运动6 a good idea 一个好主意7 every day/morning/Sunday/ 每天/每个早上/8 watch a game(s) 看比赛/游戏9 like doing 喜欢做某事(爱好)10 like to do 喜欢做某事(特定时间)11 a ping-pong bat 乒乓拍12 That sounds interesting（fun）/good/difficult/boring/relaxing. 那听起来很有趣/好/困难/无聊/轻松。13 a great collection 丰富的收藏14 let sb. do sth. 让某人干某事15 play ping-pong/tennis/volleyball/soccer/basketball 打乒乓/网球/排球/足球/篮球 16 play computer games 打电子游戏17 watch sth. on TV 在电视上看18 every day/morning/afternoon/evening 每天/每天早上/每天下午/每天晚上 Unit 6 Do you like bananas?I.重点句型Do you like hamburgers? Yes, I do. No, I dont.Does he/she like a salad? Yes ,he/she does. No ,he/she doesnt.She/He likes hamburgers for lunch.She doesnt like hamburgers. Lets have French fries.For dinner, she has chicken and tomatoes.Great!II.词组1 French fries 薯条2 ice cream 冰淇淋3 running star 赛跑明星4 lots of = a lot of + (C)复数/ (U) 大量；许多5 French chicken leg 炸鸡腿6 ice stick 冰棒7 have breakfast/lunch/dinner/supper 吃早/中/晚餐8 movie (film) star 电影明星9 music star 歌星10 healthy food 健康食物11 eat food 吃食物 12 have sth. for breakfast/lunch/dinner/supper哪顿饭吃某物13 have a look (at sth.) 看一看(某物)14 at school/ at home 在学校/在家里 15 relax sports 休闲运动16 some runners 一些运动员Unit 7 How much are these pants?I.重点句型How much is this T-shirt? Its seven dollars.How much are these socks? Theyre two dollars.Can I help you? =What can I do for you?I want a sweater.=Id like a sweater.What color do you want? Here you are.Ill take it. Youre welcome.Thats OK. Thats all right.The blue sweater is 7 dollars. We have sweaters at a very good price.We have great bogs for only 12 yuan. We have T-shirts in red for 18 dollars.Anybody can afford our prices! Come and see for yourself at Huaxing Clothes Store!II.词组1 how much + (U) 多少/多少钱2 how many + (C)复数 多少3 Here you are. 给你4 bags for sports 运动包 5 come to 到来 6 Im sorry. 对不起7 can I help you?=What can I do for you? 需要我帮忙吗?8 want sth. /to do sth. 想要sth /想要做某事9 what color 什么颜色10 great sale 大甩卖11 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事12 Thats OK.= Its my pleasure.(5种) 不用谢13 Thats not all. 不只这些14 black and blue 黑白相嵌15 on sale 在出售16 at the price of 以的价格17 at a very good price 一个好价钱/价格合理 Whats the price of sth ?=How much 多少钱 like something cheap 喜欢便宜的东西 18 have sth. for only +价钱 有某物只卖19 in all colors 各色20 in+颜色 着色21 see for yourself 亲眼看22 boys and girls=class 同学们23 clothes store= clothes shop 服装店=clothing store= clothing shop 服装店24 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事25 I dont think so. 我不这么认为26 afford sth./to do sth. 买得起某物/提供金钱干某事27 buy sth. for +价钱 多少钱买某物28 sell sth. for +价钱 多少钱卖某物 Unit 8 When is your birthday?I.重点句型When is your birthday? Its October 25th. My birthday is October tenth.When is your mothers birthday? Her birthday is June 8th.How old are you? Whats your age? Im thirteen.When is the school trip? Do you having a fun birthday?Happy birthday!II.词组1 how old 几岁2 school trip 郊游3 basketball/ volleyball game 篮球赛/排球赛4 help sb with sth 帮助某人某事5 school day 学校上课日6 be born in/on 出生于7 date of birth=birthday 出生日期8 Art Festival 艺术节9 Music Festival 音乐节10 pop contest 流行音乐会11 (English) speech contest (英语)演讲比赛12 soccer ball game 足球赛13 birthday party 生日会14 school day 学校庆祝日15 English party 英语聚会16 each year =every year 每年17 a piece of paper 一张纸Unit 9 Do you want to go to a movie?I.重点句型Do you want to go to a movie? I want to see a comedy.What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.She likes documentaries but she doesnt like thrillers.Do you like Beijing Opera? She thinks action movies are exciting.She often goes to see Beijing Opera with her father.Mike is English. Mike is an English boy.II.词组1 action movie 动作片2 what kind (of sth) 哪一种/何种东西 a kind of sth (单数) 一种 all kinds of sth (复数) 各种各样 different /many /some kinds of sth (复数) 不同/许多/一些种类 3 Beijing Opera 京剧4 stay at home =be at home 呆在家里5 go to a movie 去看电影6 see a movie 看电影7 learn about 学关于8 look for 寻找(动作) find 找到（结果） find out （经过一番努力）找出9 look at sth 朝看 look like=be like 看上