《短文改错讲座》PPT课件.ppt

短文改错 文中共有10处语言错误 错误涉及一个单词的增加 删除或修改 增加 在缺词处加上一个漏字符号 并在其下面写出该加的词 删除 把多余的词用斜线 划掉 修改 在错的词下划一横线 并在该词下面写出修改后的词 注意 1 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 2 只允许修改10处 多者 从第11处起 不记分 一 短文改错设疑方式 此题要求改正所给短文中的错误 对标有题号的每一行做出判断 1 如无错误 在该行右边横线上画一个 如有错误 每行只有一个错误 则按下列情况改正 2 此行多一个词 把多余的词用斜线 划掉 在该行右边横线上写出该词 并也用写线划掉 多一词 3 此行缺一个词 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 在该行右边的横线上写出该加的词 缺一词 4 词行错一个词 在错的词下划一横线 在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词 错一词 语法方面行文逻辑方面人物的性别及相应的指代代词或物的数量及相应的指代代词的一致 句子的并列 递进 转折 因果关系等的相应关联词 时间的先后顺序等 高考短文改错题目考查点 二 短文改错主要特点 短文难度符合学生水平 短文改错的得分年年有保障 短文改错的试题难度年年在提高 短文改错的语篇意识年年在强化 2005 2010年高考英语短文改错设疑方式 做短文改错可分三步走 第一步 浏览全文 理解大意 短文改错要以句子为单位而不是以行为单位 读到句号为止 要注意行首与行尾之间的关系 上下文之间的逻辑关系 第二步 先易后难 各个击破 在第一次阅读时 找出明显的错误 一些逻辑错误必须联系上下文才能发现 待对全文有了更进一步的了解之后 回头再做一遍 就会迅速找到错误所在 第三步 还原检查 查漏补缺 把改过后的词语放入短文中 再从头到尾看一遍 从语法 语义和逻辑关系等方面检查验证 掌握了这些解题技巧后 改错能力一定会明显提高 此外 一定要特别注意符号的准确性 短文改错解题策略 1 通读短文明确中心主题 整体把握时间 地点 人物 事件和行文逻辑2 看标点确定句子头尾 明确句子特点 简单句 并列句 复合句 特别句式 抓关键谓语动词看主语明确主谓关系 确保主谓人称 语态 时态一致 3 划分意群 明确成分 化整为零 各个击破 4 联系考点 依据原则 运用知识 分析解决 6 通览检查 纠错补漏 确定结果 短文改错中常出现的错误 名词动词形容词副词介词冠词连词数词代词句子结构常用固定短语或固定用法 动词形名词数还要注意形和副介词短语需关注习惯用法要记住冠词连词长光顾 考点应对策略归纳 1 抓主语 看谓语 主谓关系要统一 语态 一致和时态 语气 形式需考虑 1 AnEnglishladywasfinallydecidedthatshereallyshouldlearntodrive 2 Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary 3 Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass 4 Ofcourse whenmymotherwasasked Haveyou 5 Booksmaybekeepforfourweeks 6 CharlesandLindawereseeingnearthetopofthebuilding kept are read seen 2 名词性质要关注 可数与否须清楚 名词具有受限性 限制 特指 确指和泛指 修饰要重视 1 KatecovereditwithalotofChristmaslight 2 sothatI llgetgoodmarksinallmysubject 3 Goodhealthisperson smostvaluablepossession 4 Somepeoplereadthebooksorwatchtelevisionwhileothershavesports 5 Westoppedtorestforawhileandtodrinksomewatersfromastream 6 Weclimbeverywhere notonlyinAmerica WehavebeentoEuropemanytime 7 Therearebranchlibraryinmanyvillages 8 Ihopethatyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimessoon a water times libraries time 3 代词出现不起眼 指代不明生疑点 验名正身别怕烦 确保一致心里安 1 Ijustsmiledtomeandthought WhatcanIdo 2 Finally thementhrewawaymostofhisclothestosavethemselves 3 Ireadyoure mailtomyparentsandshowedthemthephotoyousentittome 4 IlikedthoseclassesbecauseIfeltthatithelpedme 5 Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegame they myself their we 4 英汉词性易混乱 形 副 名 介较常见 成分关系是关键 形作定表 副作状 名词功能莫要忘 1 Hecamebacklatelylastnight 2 Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly 3 Heaskedangryifwehadfinishedthework 4 Charlessaid AssoonasIseearealtallbuilding Iwanttoclimbit 5 Hepracticedhardandpastthedriving test 6 I msurewe llhaveawonderfullytime 7 Unfortunate therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily 8 Thebeautifulofthelakeattractsusalot late quiet angrily really passed wonderful Unfortunately beauty 5 连接词语需检验 逻辑关系前后辨 1 Wetriedtofixitandtherewasnothingwecoulddo 2 ItoldMother Father Sister allmyfriendsherewhatagreattimeIhad 3 ItisaveryimportantexambutIcan taffordtofailit 4 Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme 5 ThemarketatthecornerofFriendshipStreetandXinhuaRoadhasgivenwaytoasupermarket Besidesthebookstorenexttoourmiddleschoolisstillthere 6 Itstartedtorisehigheragain Soitwasstilltooclosetothewater 7 I dliketostaythereforhalfamonth visitingplacesofinterestorpracticingmyEnglishaswell but and and and But But and 6 介词多少也要看 搭配错误较常见 1 Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer mylifechanged 2 Whenayoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving hecannolongerexpectotherstopayhisfood 3 AtChristmasEve JimwentwithhisfathertochooseaChristmastree 4 Afterfiveyearsawayinmyhometown Ifindthat 5 AsyouareverypopularwithusChinesehighschoolstudents we dliketoinviteforyoutotheexhibition 6 sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren 7 sothatwecanhelpeachotheronthecoursework of for On from with with 7 非谓语动词是考点 见面验证别嫌烦 1 Myparentsloveme andwilldoalltheycanmakesure 2 Wefedmonkeys visitingtemplesandtoldstories 3 SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish 4 Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson 5 Lookingforwardtohearfromyousoon 6 Ihaveoftendreamedoftalkfacetofacewithyou 7 Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso to visited talking become hearing talking Playing 1 Asaresult peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchmorelongerthanpeopleinthepast 2 Suddenly IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacher 3 Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary 4 Idon tknowthattheydon tliketotalkwithme 5 IthinkI demailyouandletyouknowwhatthingsaregoing 6 IliveinBeijing whereisthecapitalofChina 7 Itwasturnedouttobeherowncup thatshe dleftontheshelfbymistake 8 固定搭配看清楚 习惯用法要关注 句式特点整体看 引导词语是关键 a why how which which 短文改错特别注意的几个问题类型 一 一致性问题二 词意重叠三 逻辑关系 1 主谓一致 1 Whatareyourfavouritesport 2 Nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary 2 时态一致 1 Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrovemetotheirhome 2 Theyofferedmecoffeeandotherdrinks Wehaveagoodtimetalkingandlaughing 3 名词的单复数一致 1 andaskedmelotsofquestion 2 Westudyquiteafewsubject suchasmaths 3 Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess 4 代词的性 数一致 1 TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeel 2 Andtheymustnotbreaktherulestoooftenifwewanttowinthegames 5 语意一致 1 Shewassmilingbutnoddingatme 微笑和点头在语意上是并列的关系 二 词意的重叠 1 1 WheneverIseethemIoftenthinkofmyEnglishteacher 逻辑关系 1 Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood 短文改错中常出现的错误 名词动词形容词副词介词冠词连词数词代词句子结构常用固定短语或固定用法 1 名词 单复数用错 可数不可数混用 1 Heagreedto andgivemeadvicesonhowtowritelikearealwriter 85 NMET2010 2 I dliketo thereforhalfanhour visitingplaceofinterest 80 NMET2008 3 Ilookedathisotherhands 83 NMET2007 2 动词 时态和语态变化 1 Heagreedtoreadingmystoryand 84 NMET2010 2 I dliketostayingthereforhalfanhour visiting 80 NMET2008 3 wewalked thenIaskhim grandpa howcome 78 NMET2007 3 形容词副词 混用 1 gentlemanlivingnearmyhouse whowasaverymuchfamouswriter 83 NMET2010 2 Unfortunate therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily 3 Iwasonlyabout6thatheheldmyhandouttome 78 NMET2007 4 介词 多余 缺失和错用 1 Iimagineyou llatvocationyourselfbythattime 84 NMET2008 2 Eachtheselinesstandsforatroubleinmylife 82 NMET2007 5 冠词 定冠词和不定冠词的互改 确实和增加 1 therewasUncleChen gentlemanlivingnearmyhouse 82 NMET2008 Becausetherearemorehonorsandjoysinmylife 85 NMET2007 6 数词 基数词和序数词的混用和错用 主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用 如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等 基数词的复数形式如几百hundredsof 几千thousandsof漏掉了s 或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数 如sevenhundred 写作sevenhundreds 7 连词 不合句中的逻辑关系 Iamtryingtoimprovethesituationsinceitdoesn tseemtowork 8 代词 格与数的的错用 1 IalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish 2 IwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish 9 常用固定短语或固定用法 用错 1 Beforemyclassmates itseemsalwaysdifficultformetodothingswellasthem 2 Likemostofmyschoolmates Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters inanyotherwords I manonlychild 3 Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary 10 句子结构 不完整 成分有冗缺 词性与功能不对等 关系词引导词不得当 1 TheyeagertoknoweverythingaboutChinaandaskedmelotsofquestions 2 IliveinBeijing whereisthecapitalofChina 3 Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalso 应注意的细节 1 注意联系上下文 2 注意破行句 3 注意是否虚拟 4 注意是否是真理 5 注意是否时间 空间变换 6 注意拼写正确 7 发散性思维 注意一词多义 一词多性 8 先易后难 一般来说 行文逻辑比语法错误更隐蔽 不会的要放到最后考虑 9 注意标记的准确性 左右各给0 5分 10 以句子为单位而不是以行为单位进行判断 DearMsSmith IamsecretaryoftheCityStudentUnion CSU Wewereorganizinganartexhibitionforhighschoolstudentsincity Thiswillbeheldonthe9thofJulyintheExhibitionHallofBeihai Morethan1000paintingwillbeonshow buthighschoolstudentsandteachersfromalltheeightdistrictswillcometotheevent AsyouareverypopularlywithusChinesehighschoolstudents we dliketoinviteforyoutotheexhibition Wewouldbegratefulwhenyoucouldjointhemthatday Lookingforwardtohearfromyousoon Yours LiMing are the It paintings and popular if us hearing 策略试练 MostfamiliesinChinahopedtheirsinglechildrenwillhaveahappyfuture sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren Sodoteachersinschools Manychildrenaregivensomuchhomeworkthattheyhavehardlyanysparetimehavesports Thechildrenareforbiddentodoanythingbuttostudy Nowondersomanychildrenaretiredoflessons Someevenattackorkillhisparentsandteachers Ibelievemanypeoplealreadyreadthiskindofnewsinnewspapersormagazines Shouldn twedrawlessonfromtheaccidents Nowourgovernmentiscarryoutaplantosolvetheeducationproblems hope with are to their have a carrying 09 DearMrsWinthorp Somyfirstweekatcollegeisover NolecturesthismorningsoIthinkI demailyouandletyouknowwhatthingsaregoing I mgladtosaythatanythinghasworkedoutfineinthedorm Irememberaskingforaroomasfarawayfromtheliftsaspossibleandtheyfindmeacomfortableoneonsecondfloor TherearetwogirlsfrommycoursehereandIplantomakefriendwiththemsothatwecanhelpeachotheronthecoursework Everyoneelseseemsveryniceandwarmlyhere Well Ihadbettertostopnow I mgoingtoattendminefirstlessonthisafternoon forI vegotsomepreparationtomake Keepintouch Best Carol how everything found the friends with warm my so 10改错 Mysistersawalovelycupwhenweareshoppingtheotherday Shelikeditatonce Thenshebentdownandpickeduptolookatapriceonit Asshedidthis lotsofteasplashedonhisT shirt Ihadtotryhardlynottolaughathershockedface Mysisterwantedgetoutoftheshopasfastasshecouldwhenashopassistantcameovertous Itwasturnedouttobeherowncup thatshe dleftontheshelfbymistake Theassistantwasclearly