高考英语二轮复习 22 阅读理解考点模拟训练考点模拟训练.doc

专题二阅读理解决定成败科普知识类(2013福州质检)lets face it.no one drinks diet sodas for the taste.people drink diet sodas in the hope that it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it.yet it seems to have exactly the opposite effect，according to a new study.researchers from the university of texas said those who drank two or more diet sodas a day had waist size increases that were six times greater than those who didnt drink diet sodas.“what we saw was that the more diet sodas a person drank，the more weight they were likely to gain，”said sharon fowler.the study was based on data from 474 participants in a large，ongoing research project，where the participants were followed for nearly 10 years.while the findings are surprising，they also offer some explanations.nutrition expert，melanie rogers，who works with overweight patients in new york，has found that when patients are switched from regular to diet sodas，they dont lose weight at all.“we werent seeing weight loss necessarily，and that was confusing to us，”said rogers.so why would diet soda cause weight gain？no one knows for sure yet，but it could be that people think they can eat more if they drink diet sodas，and so overcompensate for the missing calories.a related study found some sweeteners(甜味剂)raised blood sugar levels in some mice.“data from this and other potential studies suggest that the promotion of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners may be risky.”said helen phazuda，professor at the university of texass school of medicine.“they may be free of calories，but not of consequences.”【语篇解读】 一项新的研究表明，喝低糖汽水非但不能减轻体重，反而会使体重增加。1people drink diet sodas to _.aenjoy its taste bstay in fashioncachieve weight loss dgain more energy解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“people drink diet sodas in the hope that it will help them lose weight.”可知。答案c2the new study suggests that drinking diet sodas _.acauses people to become heavierbhelps people to be healthiercmakes people much thinnerdoffers people more calories解析细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，新的研究表明喝低糖汽水非但不能减轻体重，反而会让体重增加。答案a3we can learn from the passage that _.aregular sodas make people lose more weightbdiet soda drinkers tend to eat more foodcdiet sodas do help reduce caloriesdmost blood diseases come from diet sodas解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“.they can eat more if they drink diet sodas.”可知，喝低糖汽水的人趋向于吃更多的食物。答案b4the underlined word“they”in the last paragraph probably refers to “_”asweetenersbdiet sodas and artificial sweetenerscsodasddiet soda drinkers and sweetener takers解析词义猜测题。此处是承接上一句中的内容，故“they”指的是“低糖汽水和人造甜味剂”。答案b环境保护类(2013江南十校考前热身) an international business specialist group has announced that the move towards a green economy is becoming more urgent for emerging economies(新兴经济体)，especially south africa.on monday，innovation group announced that green economic policies were becoming increasingly important on the global landscape and for emerging economies.according to pule mokoena，from innovation group，experts believe the adoption of these green policies will assist with“ailing(不景气的)economies”“the move to a green economy，such as the adoption of alternative energy solutions，should be adopted by economies and countries.”mokoenas comments came as greenpeace africa called on the south african government to review its decision to include nuclear energy into the countrys energy plan.in order to avoid all energy crisis in the country，the_energy_mix_had_to_be_diversified，including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal.for this reason，nuclear energy will account for 23 percent of south africas energy needs，followed by coal at 15 percent，hydro at six percent，gas six percent，turbines six percent and renewable energy 42 percent.however，pule said there are other options for south africas energy needs.“too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the longterm benefits，”explained mokoena.nobel economics winner joseph stiglitz and the former world bank chief economist agree with mokoena and believe that the need to switch to green technology should be seen as an opportunity and not as a burden.when in south africa earlier this year，stiglitz said a switch to green technology would stimulate demand for a range of goods and services，which would have a beneficial impact on the aftermath of the global recession. he urged policymakers not to be held back by shortterm perspectives.innovation group has already developed a reliable alternate energy solution，which the company believes will change the landscape of this emerging market and other companies will follow suite and offer renewable energy solutions for emerging economies.“we are quickly becoming an industry leader in this space thanks to our inhouse expert knowledge on the various swh technologies available and the application of our business process outsourcing solutions，which allow for the mass rollout of these technologies on a national scale.we are proud to be an active part of the solution to the current energy crisis and plan to become a major force in the drive towards sustainability and good environmental practice，”pule said.【语篇解读】 像南非这样的新兴经济体经历了经济的快速发展之后会面临能源危机，而走绿色发展道路是唯一的出路。5which of the following is the best title for this text?aadvantages of green energybgreen policies vital for emerging economiescpotential energy crisis for emerging economiesdhow to develop green energy解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是像南非这样的新兴经济体会在发展中遇到能源危机，因此走绿色发展道路显得很重要，政府应在这方面出台相应的政策。故b项作为本文的标题最合适。答案b6the underlined part “the energy mix had to be diversified”in paragraph 5 implies _.aenergy had to be classifiedbdifferent kinds of energy had to be mixedca variety of energy had to be developed and usedda mixture of various energy was essential解析句意理解题。根据下文的“including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable energy(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal”可判断，画线部分的含义为“要开发和利用不同种类的能源”。答案c7according to pule mokoena，_.anuclear energy shouldnt be included into energy plansbfocusing too much on the costs of green policies is shortsightedcgreen policies alone can solve the economic problems faced by south africadgreen polices have nothing to do with the use of the existing resources like coal解析推理判断题。根据第八段中的“too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the longterm benefits”可推断选b项。答案b8according to the text，the main reason for the adoption of green policies is that _.athe existing resources are not efficiently usedbgreen energy costs less to developcgreen policies can solve the current energy crisisdgreen technology will stimulate demand for a range of goods and services解析细节理解题。根据全文尤其是最后一段，为了解决目前的能源危机，为了保持可持续发展，政府必须采取这一政策。答案c社会文化类(2013合肥一中统考) more than half of rich americans have not shown their full wealth to their children，a new survey showed last tuesday. the survey，published by the bank of america, studied the rich with $3 million or more in assets.it found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have welldeveloped plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”the majority of the 457 people surveyed are selfmade，firstgeneration rich.fiftytwo percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are，and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth.one in three parents said they had never thought to do it. they are worried that their children would become lazy，spend money freely，make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance(遗产)they plan to leave them.“there is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，”said sallie krawcheck，president of the global wealth and investment management of the bank of america.“our research，however，uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”the trend is led by the worlds richest man bill gates，who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife，the bill and melinda gates foundation(基金会)，and not to his children.“we want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact，”he said.of his plans for his children，gates said：“i will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage.they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”【语篇解读】 调查表明，大部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后代。9we can learn from the passage that _.arich parents may not know how to manage their inheritancebrich parents dont equal rich kids，at least in the uscamerican children dont get to inherit their parents wealthdpoor children dont expect themselves to be as rich as their parents解析推理判断题。第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。答案b10according to the survey，most rich americans _.athink they owe their children nothingbthink it best to give their money back to societycdoubt their childrens ability to handle wealthd. are confident of their childrens ability to handle wealth解析推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。答案c11the underlined word“they”in paragraph 6 refers to _.aresponsible childrenbbill gates and his wifecfirstgeneration richdrich parents解析词义猜测题。富裕的父母们希望把他们的财富传给 下一代，此处they指代的是画线词前面的“the wealthy parents”，即“rich parents”。答案d12from the last paragraph，we can see that bill gates wants to show _.athe trend of leaving no inheritance to childrenbthe positive impact of charity on societycthe way of giving back to societydthe importance of independence for children解析推理判断题。根据本段中比尔盖茨所说的话可推知，他更强调孩子的个人奋斗，认为培养孩子的自立很重要。答案d新闻报道类(2013福建四地六校联考)the multimillion pound new library of birmingham (lob)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life. set to open in 2013，the188m lob is already beginning to take shape next to the birmingham repertory theatre，with which it will share some equipment.as digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea，the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.brian gambles，the lob project director，says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“the aim is to mix the physical with the digital，providing 24hour services which can be used through many different ways.it is important to enable us to reach more people，more effectively.” the digital library will，he says，be as important as the physical one，allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public. even before the lob is complete，the public has been able to go online to visit the virtual(虚拟的)lob，designed by baden，the birmingham virtual worlds specialists.not only have the public been able to learn about the lob，but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the lob to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens. two other small birminghambased digital companies are also working on the lob projects.substrat，a digital design company，is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project.it is about the use of an exciting smart phone，an important part of the lob which is in the early stages of development.and the peoples archive is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in cahoots，in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.gambles says：“technology will enable us to make the librarys content and services open to citizens as never before”【语篇解读】 本文是一则新闻报道。即将落成的library of birmingham(lob)将是伯明翰市接受日常生活数字化的标志。13the underlined part“its idea”in paragraph 3 refers to the idea of _.athe equipment bthe projectcthe digital media dthe physical library解析词义猜测题。第三段中的“the project”指的是文章中出现的“the lob project”，结合画线部分的上下文语境可知此处讲的是数字媒体对这个项目很重要，所以b项正确。答案b14while visiting the virtual lob，the public can _.aget a general idea of the lobbmeet many worldfamous expertsclearn how to put up a library buildingdunderstand how the specialists work on the project解析细节理解题。根据第六段中的“not only have the public been able to learn about the lob.”可知，公众访问虚拟lob可了解lob的大体情况。答案a15which of the following is true of the lob when it opens?aa，b，d ba，c，e cb，c，d db，d，e解析推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知a、b两项正确，e项错误；根据倒数第二段的第二、三句可知c项错误；由倒数第二段的最后一句可知d项正确。故选a项。答案a16the text is most probably taken from _.aa computer book ba library guideca project handbook da newspaper report解析推理判断题。文章主要介绍了即将落成的library of birmingham(lob)的相关情况，最有可能是一则新闻报道。答案d广告信息类(2013广州市统考)americas top 4 tourist attractionsbelow youll find the most popular travel and vacation destinations in the us.1times square，new york citythis manhattan crossroads of commerce is the top spot on our list，thanks to increasing visitors to the big apple in 2008 despite the economic turndown.according to statistics，“80% of visitors to nyc make it a point to visit times square.”total nyc visits last year were 47 million，giving us an estimate of 37.6 million travelers through the“crossroads of the world”2the las vegas strip，nev.the“neon trail”that makes up the heart of sin city is also part of the federal governments national scenic byways program，which designates roads based on “archeological，cultural，historic，natural，recreational and scenic qualities”hard to say which of these qualities best describes vegas，but we can disqualify“natural”last year，total visitors to las vegas numbered 37.5 million；a poll by the las vegas convention and visitors authority found that an average of 80% of visitors had either stayed overnight or gambled(赌博)on the strip.3national mall and memorial parks，washington，d.c.many of the nations iconic(图标的)public landmarks are found in the 1,000plus acres of the national mall and memorial parks，including the washington monument，the lincoln and jefferson memorials，and the korean and vietnam war veterans memorials.the smithsonian institutions 19 museums are also close to the mall；last year，the network of free museums drew more than 25 million visitors.4faneuil hall marketplace，bostonbuilt in 1742 by peter faneuil，a wealthy boston merchant，faneuil hall served as a commercial center of the city for centuries and a site for famous orations(演说)，like samuel adams independencerallying speech to colonists.faneuil also includes the restored 19thcentury quincy market.today，shoppers account for a large share of visitors.faneuils historic significance vaults it to the status of cultural attraction，attracting 20 million visitors every year.【语篇解读】 本文介绍了美国最受欢迎的四个游览胜地位于纽约市曼哈顿区的时代广场和赌博之城拉斯维加斯、华盛顿的国家广场和纪念公园以及波士顿的法尼尔厅市场。17how many visitors stayed overnight or gambled in las vegas last year?a47 million. b37.5 million.c30 million. d25 million.解析细节理解题。根据笫三段的内容可知，去年到拉斯维加斯的游客是3 750万，其中80%在那里过夜或者赌博。通过计算可知选c。答案c18we can infer that many tourists come to washington，d.c._.ato get free access to museumsbto enjoy the view of its squarecto shop in the famous marketdto find pleasure in natural scenery解析推理判断题。根据第三个景点下面所叙述内容的最后一句可推知，许多游客去华盛顿是为了参观那里免费的博物馆。答案a19what do we know about faneuil hall marketplace?ait is the oldest market in the world.bits buildings date back to 150 years.cit is famous for the variety of goods.dit got its name from a rich businessman. 解析推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，始建于1742年的法尼尔厅市场得名于一个名为peter faneuil的富商。答案d人物传记类(2013太原一模)when debbie macomber decided to pursue her dream of becoming a writer，she rented a typewriter，put it on the kitchen table，and began typing each morning before the kids went to school.when the kids came home，she moved the typewriter and made them dinner.when they went to bed，she moved it back and typed some more.for two years，debbie followed this routine.supermom had become a struggling writer and she was loving every minute of it.one night，however，her husband，said to her，“honey，im sorry，but youre not bringing in any income.we cant do this anymore.we cant survive on just what i make.”that night，her heart broken and her mind too busy to let her sleep.she stared at the ceiling in their darkened bedroom.debbie knewwith all of the responsibilities of keeping up a house and looking after four kidsthat working 40 hours a week would leave her no time to write.seeing her despair，her husband woke up and asked，“whats wrong？”“i really think i could have made it as a writer，i really do.”wayne was silent for a long time，and then said，“all right，honey，go for it.”so debbie returned to her dream and her typewriter on the kitchen table，pounding out page after page for another two years.her family went without vacations，pinched pennies，and wore handmedowns.but the sacrifice and the persistence finally paid off.after five years of struggling，debbie sold her first book.then another.and another.until finally，today，debbie has published more than 100 books，three of which have been sold for movies.over 60 million copies are in print，and she has millions of loyal fans.and wayne？all that sacrifice in support of his wife paid off handsomely.he got to retire at age 50 and now spends his time building an airplane in the basement of their 7,000 squarefoot mansion.debbies kids got a gift far more important than a few summer camps.as adults，the