高考英语阅读理解展望训练（4）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解展望训练（4）及答案 last week, we explained that the planet mars has passed “opposition. ”it passed a point opposite the sun. this week, we tell about the planets surprising motion(运动)among the stars. for thousands of years, people have recognized that planets travel among the stars. the planets generally follow the path taken by the sun through the sky. the suns path is called the ecliptic. the groups of stars along the ecliptic are called the zodiac. the motion of the planets can be confusing at times. everyone knows the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. but this is caused by the turning motion of the earth. planets generally move from west to east. however, mars will appear to move backward for about two months this year. this happens because the earth is overtaking mars on its way around the sun. mars began its backward, or westward, motion on may 11th, it will start moving eastward again on july 19th. mars apparent motion has been a mystery to astronomers for hundreds of years. most early theories of the solar system argued that the sun and planets turned around the earth. but the sudden westward motion of mars presented a problem. why would mars move west for two months when it nears “opposition”?in 1543, a polish church worker named nicolas copernicus published a different theory. his theory said the earth and planets moved around the sun in perfectly circular orbits. copernicus theory was simpler. but his sun centered system still did not explain the observed motion of mars very well.finally, a german mathematician named johannes kepler published a complete theory of the motion of the planets in 1619. he had carefully studied the motion of mars for many years.johannes kepler discovered that the planets do not move in circular orbits around the sun. instead, they travel in flattened orbits called ellipses. mars elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.during the next several weeks, you can see for yourself why the mysterious motion of mars has caused so many people to wonder.63. from the passage we can learn that .a. the sun and planets generally travel westward b. kepler studied the orbit of the planets in 1619c. copernicus theory well explained the motion of marsd. the earths turning motion causes the sun to rise in the east64. on july 19th mars .a. will pass the “opposition”b. appears to change its direction againc. will begin to move westwardd. appears to change its orbit again65. why does mars appear to be bigger and brighter when it passes “opposition”?a. it is overtaking the earth.b. it follows the path of the sun.c. it moves in an elliptical orbit.d. it travels in a circular orbit.66. what is the best title for the passage?a. the recent research into mars b. the surprising motion of marsc. the great discovery on mars d. the wonderful mystery of marsmotion of the planets in 1619. kepler在1619年出版了行星运动的完全理论” 可知，他的研究应该是在1619年之前，b错误；根据第六段最后一句“but his sun centered system still did not explain the observed motion of mars very well.”可知，c错误；根据第三段第二、三句“everyone knows the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. but this is caused by the turning motion of the earth.”可知d正确。【考点定位】考查推理判断题。64. 【答案】b 【解析】根据第四段最后一句“mars began its backward, or westward, motion on may 11th, it will start moving eastward again on july 19th. ”可知，b正确。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。65. 【答案】c 【解析】根据第八段最后一句“mars elliptical orbit is the cause of its unusual brightening this year and its apparent large size.”可知，c正确。【考点定位】考查细节理解题。66. 【答案】b 【解析】综合全文，文章主要讲今年火星mars有两个月的时间是向西转动的，这与一般行星自西向东转动是相反的，因此b项符合题意。【考点定位】考查标题总结题。 in the computer age，most of us think a broadband（宽带）internet connection tobe common. whether wired or wireless，today、connections are many times faster.videos play smoothly；complex websites load quickly；and the files are much biggertoo. but theres still a catch，of course. you have to live near enough to a major city toget broadband internet. if you dont，its slow for you to use dial-up connection. andfor those living really far out，there may be no internet connection at all. technology experts often talk about,the last mile problem，which refers to thedifficulty of making internet available for remote places. it is much more difficult todeliver connection to those living far from cities，especially in developing countries.internet service providers，for their part，have been unwilling to provide connection toareas with smaller population，where the internet users wouldnt cover the expense. but every year，technological advancements allow of more and more internet users.most broadband connections today run over existing cable tv and telephone linesalthough these technologies arent available everywhere. some companies have deliveredthe internet over standard. power lines. advancements in cheaper，more efficient fiberoptics cables（光纤电缆）promise to bring extremely fast internet connections to moreusers. still，the“last mile problem remains hard to deal with. there will always besomewhere that doesnt have an affordable broadband connection. but someday thatmight not matter. if the rapid progress in cell phone technology is any indication（迹象），it may not be too long before an internet connection simply follows you whereveryou go.12. what would be the best title for the text? a. a broadband internet connection b. the difficulty with internet c. rapid progress in cell phone technology d. the last mile problem13. the underlined part a catch（in paragraph 2）probably means a. a hidden problem b. a rare challenge c. a bad service d. a possible way14. from paragraph 4 we can learn that technological advancements a. make tv and telephone available everywhere. b. bring great changes to peoples everyday life c, make it possible for rilore people to use the internet d. bring faster internet connections to users.15. what may eventually settle the“last mile problem? a. more and more internet users. b. more and more internet connections. c. the rapid progress in cell phone technology.d. the speed of the broadband internet1215、dadc these days, there are very few wild animals left in the uk. the wolves have gone. the bears have been hunted to extinction. fortunately, there are a few badgers (獾).oh, well, actually, not for long as the british government have just decided to kill them too! but why?badgers are fascinating nocturnal (夜晚活动的）creatures, living underground. theyre extremely brave, fighting off larger animals such as bears and wolves. the problem is that some badgers carry bovine tuberculosis (btb) an infectious disease caused by the bacterium m. bovis which can cause tb in some other animals, including cattle. for farmers, this is a serious issue, because they usually keep a large number of cows together to raise. in 1998 in the uk, almost 6,000 cows were killed to control the disease. and in 2010，more than 30,000 animals were destroyed. bovine tb costs the uk about 100 million per year. and some believe that the disease could end up costing the economy 9 billion over the next 40 years if nothing is done about it.experts say that badgers are responsible for about 50% of the infected cattle. so, after much debate, the government has agreed to kill badgers.of course, many are against the measure. they claim that killing the badgers in controlled zones wouldnt work because badgers from neighboring areas would simply move in and become infected too. furthermore, the number of cattle in one spot is usually very large. they believe that the way cattle are raised intensively, and transported around to lots of different farms during their lives is probably the biggest cause of the spread of the disease.5. why does the uk government want to kill badgers?a. because badgers are responsible for all the btb infected cattle.b. because a disease connected with badgers has caused a big loss.c. because badgers are very easy to become infected with btb.d. because cattle are often with badgers which may carry btb.6. some people believe that killing badgers in certain areas doesnt help because _ a. badgers nearby would occupy where the killed badgers once lived.b. badgers are often transported around to lots of different farms.c. the disease will still exist there with all the cattle infected.d. the government doesnt have a good knowledge of the disease.7. whats the main idea of the passage?a. the uk government has decided to kill badgers to control the disease.b. very few wild animals exist in the uk these days except badgers.c. a lot of people are against killing badgers for some reasons.d. a large sum of money has been spent controlling the disease.8. what does the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably mean?a. cattle are often kept separately to prevent diseases.b. many cattle are gathered in one area to raise.c. cattle are raised very carefully and attentively.5. b 6. a 7. a 8. b i have been passionate about sewing and fashion design since i was 12. two years ago, i designed and made a set of outfits from recyclable materials for a charity fashion show. through this highly meaningful and profound experience, i became aware of the importance of protecting and preserving our environment when designing and making fashion items, resulting in my founding an organization to promote eco friendly, design and fashion.my interest has led me to research areas of fashion that have environmental implications. for example , some popular clothing stores have announced marketing policies designed to improve the environment. for those of us who are eco - conscious, it is responsible for us to evaluate whether such policies are just a marketing promotion, or represent great efforts to protect our environment.three chain - stores, h&m, urban outfitters and forever 21 ,have been promoting green items. after i examined their products, i have concluded that h&m and urban outfitters are truly helping the environment with their efforts, while forever 21 seems to be using the go green trend as a way to sell more products, rather than genuinely help the environment.of these three stores, h&m has the most extensive eco -fashion plans. it is already well on its way to carrying out its plans by increasingly mixing organic cotton into their garments, as well as putting fully organic cotton items on the market. the store also belongs to the organic exchange organization, which approves of growth of organic cotton. to reduce the harm from non - organic cotton production, h&m is involved with the better cotton project. mindful of the unfavorable effects of climate change, the store aims to minimize transportation and energy usage. h&m labels their eco -friendly products with an official symbol, the flower, to represent a production system that is less harmful than most traditional processes. because of these actions and policies, h&m is already well on its way to making a difference on the environment.with its urban renewal brand, urban outfitter takes a different approach than h&m in promoting eco - friendly fashion. the brand features women s clothes made from strictly environmentally -friendly sources, such as vintage, dead stock, or surplus clothing. urban renewal produces fashionable garments, and embraces being eco - friendly through recycling.unlike the other two stores above, forever 21 s eco - fashion efforts fall short; some people would say their message is thoroughly misleading. it promotes the green image, and yet many of their supposed eco -friendly products do not help the environment. for example, it sells a think green tote that, according to the site, is meant to send an environmentally friendly message. however it is made of 100% non - organic cotton which is one of the most damaging fabrics to the environment, mostly because it requires greater chemical intervention compared to organic cotton. also, the i love my planet tote is supposed to make a positive statement, but is also made of 100% cotton that is not organic. the only tote that is environmentally - friendly is the h81 organic cotton tote from forever 21 s heritage brand, made from 100% organic cotton. now that forever 21 has portrayed itself as being green, it should start walking the walk. 67. the underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _.a. all the customers are trying not to walk into the forever 21 to buy products b. the forever 21 has already been on its way to transform its negative image c. the writer publicly urges the forever 21 to put its campaign into practice d. the environmental problem is so serious that we should pay more attention68. which of the following supports the authors opinion?a. the author s environmental awareness comes from his shopping experiences. b. none of the three stores makes a difference on the ecological protection. c. someone uses the go green trend just as a trick to make more profit. d. it is still a very long way before we humans will use real green products.69. the passage is developed by _. a. showing cause and effect b. giving concrete figures c. making comparison and contrast d. using time order70. which of the following statements can be the best title? a. does the trend of eco - friendly help the environment? b. green products are common in fashion stores. c. a survey of eco - friendly design on fashion markets. d. are chain stores in fashion really going green?68【答案】c 【解析】依据第三段最后一句while forever 21 seems to be using the go green trend as a way to sell more products, rather than genuinely help the environment.可知，forever 21标榜为“绿色环保”只是为了更好地卖出产品，并非真正的保护环境，c项是正确的。依据第一段第二句，作者从设计中体会到环保的重要性，可知a错误；从第四、五段可看到，h&m 和urban outfitter 是有环保意识的，得出b和d都是错误的。【考点定位】考查推理判断题。69【答案】c【解析】文章第一、二段描述自己的环保意识和责任，第三、四、五、六分别以比较的方式描述了三家公司是否环保，因此c项是正确的。【考点定位】考查推理判断题。70【答案】d【解析】文章作者主要是通过对比和比较三家公司的产品是否环保来得出，许多标有“绿色环保”的产品是不是都名符其实，结果是有的公司确实有环保意识，并且付诸行动，有时只是借着“绿色环保”的牌子来更好地出售自己的产品，因此d正确。【考点定位】考查标题总结题。 attempt a guess at the following question: in the english-speaking world, which country has the least affordable homes? you are wrong if you guessed the us, even with the housing bubble （气泡） and main sadness. nor is it the uk, where prices have risen because demand is far from supply. according to a recent survey of 227 cities around the globe, you must go south of the equator （赤道） to australia to find the priciest homesthe report measured a citys housing market along the following guidelines. an “affordable” home required three times or less of the average familys income to purchase. at four times earnings, a home fell into the “unaffordable” category. and a “seriously unaffordable” home needed five times a familys income. in australia, homes in the least affordable city cost ju