初中词汇和主要句型.doc

学智教育教师备课手册教师姓名学生姓名填写时间学 科英语年 级上课时间课时计划2教学目标教学内容Unit 9个性化学习问题解决 Unit 9的词汇和主要句型教学重点、难点Unit 9的词汇和主要句型教学过程一词汇回顾Was- did- 拜访-Went- test- 怎么样？-Stay- have- 在家-Practice- regular- 阅读-Verb- irregular- 现在的，目前的-Past- mountain- 度过，花费-Yesterday- middle- 购物-Most- talk- write的过去式-Song- sit- 去散步-Down- cat- 该是的时候了-Anything- suggestion- 二重点词组及句型： 1. do ones homework 做家庭作业 2. do some reading 阅读3. play soccer 踢足球4. clean ones room 打扫房间5. go to the beach 去海滩6. play tennis 打网球7. go to the movies 去看电影 8. last weekend 上周末9. study for 为学习10. stay at home 呆在家里11. have a party 举行晚会 12. play the guitar 弹吉它13. study geography 学习地理 14. go for a walk with sb 与某人一起散步1.What did you do last weekend, Lucy? 露西，上周末你干什么了？ Well, on Saturday morning, I played tennis.星期六上午我打网球了。2. What about your friend, Carol?你的朋友卡罗尔怎么样？3. I practiced English and studied for the math test. 我练习英语，并且为数学考试而学习。4. How was your weekend, Ming? 你的周末过得怎么样，明？ It was great! 好极了！5. What did Jim do last weekend?吉姆上周末做什么了？ He played the guitar. 他弹吉它了。6. How did the kids spend the weekend?孩子们是怎么样过周末的？7. For most kids, the weekend was fun.对大部分孩子们来说，周末是有趣的。8. It was a little difficult.它有点困难。9. Did you think everyone enjoys their weekends? 你认为每个人周末都过得愉快吗？10. He has no dog and no family.他没有狗也没有家。日常用语： 1.What did you do last weekend, Lucy? 露西，上周末你干什么了？ Well, on Saturday morning, I played tennis.星期六上午我打网球了。2.How was your weekend, Ming?你的周末过得怎么样，明？ It was great! 好极了！3.What did Jim do last weekend? 吉姆上周末做什么了？ He played the guitar.他弹吉他了。4.What about your friend, Carol?你的朋友卡罗尔怎么样？ She did her homework.她做作业了。精讲巧练1. What did you do last weekend, Lucy? 露西，上周末你干什么了？ Well, on Saturday morning, I played tennis. 星期六上午我打网球了。（1.）What did you do?是一个特殊疑问句，它的结构是特殊疑问词did主语动词原形其他成分？在这个结构中did是助动词。本句子是用来询问过去发生的动作或事情。例如：What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么？I went to the hospital. 我去了医院。（2.）介词on用在表示具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上名词前。例如：on Sunday morning 在星期天的上午。on a cold winter evening 在一个寒冷的冬天的晚上。in表示年、月、季节、上午、下午、晚上的名词连用；还可以表示“在一段时间之后”，用于一般将来时。例如：in spring 在春天 ， in two days 在两天之后。 at表示时间的某一点或者用在一些固定短语中。例如：at 6：00 在六点钟 at night 在晚上。随时练【考例】How soon will your father come back? _ two months.A. At B. On C. In D. By【答案与解析】答案是A。从对话的前面句子的意思和时态判断是一般将来时，表示在一段时间之后，所以用介词in表示一段时间的名词连用。2 What about your friend, Carol? 你的朋友卡罗尔怎么样？（1.）句子中的What about.?相当于How about.?它的后面可以用名词、代词、动名词，可以询问有关的情况，表示建议或征求意见。它的意思是“怎么样、如何？”。例如：What about some noodles? 来一些面条如何？（2.）what aboutv-ing？表示“做某事怎么样？”的意思，经常用来征求意见。另外表示征求意见或者提建议还可以用句型：Lets动词原形。例如：Lets go there on foot. 咱们步行去那里吧。Why not/Why dont you +动词原形？例如：Why not go shopping with us? 为什么不和我们一起去购物？Shall we动词原形？例如：Shall we go swimming after school? 放学后我们去游泳好吗？随时练【考例】What about _ English after class? Good idea.A. practice speakingB. practicing speaking C. to practice speaking D. practicing to speak【答案与解析】答案是C。在what about的后面用动名词形式，在动词practice的后面用动名词形式作宾语，所以用practicing speaking。3. I practiced English and studied for the math test. 我练习英语，并且为数学考试而学习。（1.）句子中的动词practice的意思是“练习”，它的后面用动名词形式作宾语，也可以用名词作宾语。例如：My little brother practices playing the piano every day. 我的小弟弟每天练习弹钢琴。（2.）动词短语study for的意思是“为.而学习”。例如：What do you study for? 你为什么而学习？ I study for my parents. 我为父母而学习。随时练【考例】We should help each other and _ each other.A.study B. study for C.learn D.learn from【答案与解析】答案是B。表示“向某人学习”应该用动词短语learn from。study表示“学习”的过程，另外study还可以表示“研究”的意思。4. How was your weekend, Ming? 你的周末过得怎么样，明？ It was great! 好极了！（1.）句子中的How was your weekend？的意思是“你的周末过得怎么样？”，相当于“What was your weekend like?”。句子中的How是副词，表示“方式、方法”，它的意思是“怎么样”。（2.）how还可以指身体健康方面如何、怎么样的意思。例如：How is your grandfather? 你爷爷的身体好吗？How are you? 是见面时候的问候语，它用于熟人之间的问候，回答用Fine, thank you. I am OK. I am well. Thank you. （3.）How do you do? 也是问候语，它的意思是“你好”。它用于被正式介绍见面的时候的问候，回答也用How do you do？（4.）weekend是合成词，两个单词结合构成新的单词，这是一种构词法。例如：News+ papernewspaper，homeworkhomework。随时练【考例】_ do you go to school ? By bus.A. How B. What C. Why D. Where【答案与解析】答案是D。从对话的上下句子的意思理解是询问做某事的方式，用特殊疑问词How表示“怎么样、如何”和后面的回答By bus相对应。5. What did Jim do last weekend? 吉姆上周末做什么了？ He played the guitar. 他弹吉它了。（1.）动词play的意思是“演奏”，和表示乐器的名词连用需要用冠词the。例如：play the violin 拉小提琴，play the piano 弹钢琴。如果play和表示球类的名词连用的时候不需要用冠词the，动词play的意思是“玩、打”。例如：play basketball 打篮球，play football 踢足球。（2.）名词guitar外来词，它的汉语意思是根据单词的读音翻译来的。例如；coffee 咖啡，sofa 沙发。其他的外来词还有：Olympic 奥林匹克，golf 高尔夫等。随时练【考例】What did your brother do yesterday afternoon? He _ on the playground.A. played piano B. play the piano C. played football D. play the football【答案与解析】答案是B。从对话的前面问句可以看出是一般过去时，所以下面的回答也要用一般过去时，play和表示乐器的名词连用需要用冠词the；play和表示球类的名词连用的时候不需要用冠词the。综合考虑选择C。6. How did the kids spend the weekend? 孩子们是怎么样过周末的？（1.）句子中的kid是名词，它的意思是“小山羊”，美国人经常用它来指“小孩子、年轻人”。例如：Come on, my kids. 过来，我的孩子们。（2.）spend是动词，它的意思是“某人花费时间或者金钱做某事”，句型的结构是：主语（一般是人）spend（s）表示时间或者金钱的名词on something/（in）doing something。例如：We spent ten Yuan on that book last night. 我们昨天晚上花10元买那本书。随时练【考例】My little spent half an hour _ that picture.A. on do B. to do C. on drawing D. drawing【答案与解析】答案是A。动词spend的意思是“花费”，它的后面可以用名词或者动名词作宾语，如果用名词，名词的前面用介词on，如果用动名词则可以把介词in省略。7. For most kids, the weekend was fun. 对大部分孩子们来说，上个周末是有趣的。（1.）句子中的fun是名词，它的意思是“娱乐、乐趣”，是不可数名词，经常用在句型：主语have(has)fundoing something中表示“某人做某事很开心”的意思。例如：Some boys have fun playing ball games. 一些男孩子很开心地玩球类游戏。（2.）fun还可以构成短语：make fun of somebody 开某人的玩笑；Have fun！ 尽情地玩吧！fun的形容词是funny表示“有趣的、滑稽可笑的”意思。例如：Its very funny for you to do that tricks. 你做那些诡计很滑稽可笑。随时练【考例】It is very _ for you to do that.A. fun B. funny C. to fun D. funnier【答案与解析】答案是C。本句子是考查句型It is 形容词for somebody to do something。在连系动词be的后面用形容词。fun的形容词是funny。8. It was a little difficult. 它有点困难。（1.）句子中的a little的意思是“有一点”，表示肯定，little是表示否定它的意思是“几乎没有”，它们修辞不可数名词。例如：Have you got a little milk? No, I have little. 你有一点牛奶吗？不，我几乎没有。（2.）few，a few修辞可数名词，a few表示肯定，它的意思是“有一些”，few表示否定，意思是“几乎没有”。例如：Have you got a few mistakes in your homework? 你的作业中有一些错误吗？No, I have got few mistakes. 不，我几乎没有错误。随时练【考例】I am a stranger here, so I have got _ friends at present.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few【答案与解析】答案是D。从本句子的意思理解是表示否定“我在这来是陌生人，所以我目前几乎没有朋友”，friends是可数名词，所以用few表示否定。9. Did you think everyone enjoys their weekends? 你认为每个人都喜欢周末吗？（1.）everyone是不定代词，它的意思是“每人、人人”，不定代词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。例如：Everyone in my class has the right to speak. 我们班每个人都有发言权。（2.）动词短语enjoy oneselfhave a good time，它的意思是“玩得高兴、过得愉快”。例如：These boys enjoyed themselves at the party. 那些男孩子在晚会上玩得很高兴。随时练【考例】We think everyone _ to the pop songs.A. enjoy to listen B. enjoys listen C. enjoys listening D. enjoy listening【答案与解析】答案是B。不定代词everyone作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，在动词enjoy的后面用动名词形式作宾语，所以选择C。10. He has no dog and no family. 他没有狗也没有家。（1.）句子中的no是形容词，表示“没有”的意思。no后面用可数名词的单数形式相当于not a/an；no后面用不可数名词或者可数名词的复数形式相当于not any。例如：There is no air on the moon. 月球上没有空气。（2.）and是连词，用来连接两个并列的成分，经常用在肯定句中。如果在否定句表示并列用连词or，当否定句中有两个被否定词修辞的名词可以用and。例如：I dont like apples or bananas. 我不喜欢苹果和香蕉。随时练【考例】Look at that dog. It has no legs _ tail. A. and B. or C. but D. to课堂练习1. Some of us went to the mountains _ Sunday morning.A. in B. on C. at D. of2. Boys and girls, its time _ good-bye.A. to say B. saying C. said D. say 3. Last year he didnt _ any letter.A. wrote B. writes C. write D. to write 4. My uncleat the table when I saw him.A. sits B. sat C. is sitting D. was sitting5. Itrainy last Sunday, so Jimat home.A. is, stays B. was, stays C. was, stayedD. is, stay6. you go to a movie last night?No, Ifor the English test.A. Do, study B. Did, studied C. Are, study D. were, studied7. Tom spent 2 hoursyesterday evening.A. sing B. sang C. song D. singing8. How was your vacation? _. A. That sounds great B. It was greatC. Fine, thanks D. Sure9. Bob oftenbread for breakfast, but this morning hesome eggs and milk.A. have, had B. had, had C. has, has D. has, had10. Last Wednesday, Iat home after dinner.A. did some reading B. went for a walk C. went to a movie D. visited friends11. Wheres the cake I made this morning?Weit. Can you make another one for us? A. ate B. eat C. will eat D. were eating 12. How much did youfor the clothes?A. buy B. spend C. cost D. pay13. It willme 2 days to do the work.A. pay B. cost C. take D. spend14. The DVDme 500 yuan.A. costs B. cost C. spent D. took 15. do you like Chinese food?Very much!A. What B. How C. How much D. why16. Hehis homework.A. didnt do B. didnt C .not do D. did do17. of them like the talk show.A. The most B. Most C. Little D. A little18. I didnt seein the room.A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything19. My mothera busy weekend.A. spend B. has C. had D. spent20. Last weekend, I helped Maryher math.A. studied B. with C. for D. in根据句意和首字母完成单词。1. Last Sunday, we went to the b_ . Some students swam, others played with sand.2. Yesterday we had a math t_. I got full marks.3. I v_ my grandmother with my mother last week.4. She s_ too much time watching TV last year.5. He likes p_ the piano at home in the morning.课后作业1. What about _ ( take) a walk after supper.2. He often spends his spare time _( read) books.3. He sat on a chair and _( listen) to music.4. How was your trip to Disney World?It was great. We _( have) fun time. 5. We _ (be) in Dalia last year.6. Now its time _( start) our class.7. What did you do last weekend? I _( play) tennis with my friends.8. I had lots of fun _( play) in the water last Sunday.9. I found a boy _ ( study) in the room.10. I think everyone enjoys _ (listen)to music.（ ）1. What did you do _ the weekend? A. toB. ofC. inD. over（ ）2. He didnt _ a nice weekend. A. hasB. hadC. haveD. having（ ）3. He _ his homework. A. didntB. isntC. isnt doD. didnt do （ ）4. How _ your weekend? A. didB. wasC. wereD. are（ ）5. John had a busy weekend. He _ math. A. studyB. studiesC. studiedD. is studying（ ）6. Jim played _ soccer and Kate played _ piano. A. the, theB. the, /C. /, /D. /, the （ ）7. Did you study _ the English test? A. forB. ofC. atD. to（ ）8. Lucy _ at home and read _ interesting book. A. stay, anB. stayed, anC. stays, anD. stayed, a （ ）9. _ Sunday evening I watched TV. I _a talk show. A.