贵州省遵义市高考英语二轮短文阅读类训练（20）.doc

遵义市2014高考英语二轮短文阅读类训练（20） 及答案或解析cities alarmed by deaths and injuries of pedestrians are taking efforts to make crosswalks safer for people on foot, especially seniors and children who need more time to cross streets.a pedestrian is killed in a traffic accident in the usa every 110 minutes; one is injured every nine minutes, according to official data.crosswalks can be especially dangerous for the elderly. among people 70 and older,36% of pedestrian deaths in 2006 occurred in crosswalks, compared with 21% of those younger than 70, according to the insurance institute for highway safety.the federal highway administration(fhwa) advises that next year states increase by nearly 15% the amount of time traffic lights provide for pedestrians to cross the street after the flashing orange hand appears.fhwa spokesman doug hecox says reasons for the change include an aging population that needs more time to cross, healthconscious americans walking more ，children encouraged to walk to prevent getting overweight and high gas prices pushing people to walk instead of drive.pedestrian deaths went down by 12% from 5,449 in 1996 to 4,784 in 2006. but among those in 2006,471 were killed in crosswalks, down slightly from 488 ten years earlier, the national highway traffic safety administration(nhtsa) says.语篇解读横过马路时，行人的意外死亡率居高不下。很多城市正在努力采取措施保证行人过马路的安全，尤其是老人和孩子。1which of the following is true according to the text?a. among 100 pedestrian deaths there were 21 people younger than 70.b. old people are more likely to meet with accidents in crosswalks.c. traffic accidents killed more old people than young people.d. about seven traffic accidents happened per hour.解析事实细节题。第二段第二三句告诉我们：老年人在十字路口遭遇交通事故的可能性最大。答案b2what is fhwas suggestion to states?a. fixing more traffic lights.b. providing more crosswalks.c. giving pedestrians more time to cross streets.d. increasing the time before the orange lights appear.解析事实细节题。第三段告诉我们fhwa建议给行人更多的时间通过路口。答案c3whats the cause of the crosswalk safety problem according to the text?a. therere many cars and buses on the road.b. pedestrians are careless.c. crosswalks are crowded.d. drivers dont give way.解析推理判断题。第四段指出：老年人需要更多的时间通过马路，有健康意识的人也好步行，儿童被鼓励步行以防止发胖，油价较高也让人们更倾向于步行而不是驾车。由此可知十字路口的安全问题是过度拥挤。答案c4the report from nhtsa suggests that _.a. fewer people were injured in crosswalksb. crosswalk safety has been greatly improvedc. much has been done to reduce traffic accidentsd. pedestrian deaths in crosswalks remain a serious problem解析推理判断题。最后一段nhtsa称：2006年行人死亡人数4,784，比1996年(5,449)降低了12%，但这一数字依旧很高，注意句中用的是down slightly稍微有点下降，所以十字路口的安全问题依然严峻。答案d*结束完型填空（共20小题，每小题1分， 满分20分）to design perfect school uniformsbelieve it or not, there are good reasons for wearing a school uniform. it makes you 36_ proud of your school. it builds a common spirit of unity (整体) among students and 37 them of the values and history of their school. but for most students, school uniforms are not something to be proud of 38 .“why 39 the school uniform just one day a week? always wearing the same clothes makes me feel boring,” a senior student from a high school complained (抱怨). “i dont like the big english letters of the name of our school on the back,” said a junior student “they could be _40 .” 高考资源网the main student complaints about school uniforms are: simple colors, boring designs and bad 41 . and a teacher at a middle school in guangzhou said that 42 a teacher and a mother, she eagerly 43 the quality of school uniforms will be improved soon.what has caused all these problems? chen hong, a uniform designer in shenzhen, pointed out that problems 44 because the whole society doesnt see the 45 of the school uniform.“most designers are 46 to stick to the same old fashion, 47 _ there are no professionals (专业人员) 48 work for students,” chen said. his company 49 most of the awards in the first national competition for school uniforms last month in nanning, guangxi. “besides, high quality calls for a high price,” said chen. “but in some schools, the annual (一年一度) expense for each students uniform is only 50 to 60 yuan. how can we produce high quality clothes with so 50 money?”even with these problems, efforts have been made 51 the situation, according to zhai shiliang, 52 of the school uniform administration and service center in beijing. a school clothes competition was held in april in beijing. thirty-seven uniforms, 53 in schools next spring, were selected from 570. “we will offer the samples (样品) for schools to choose,” zhai said.“the perfect uniform should remind the students of the schools honor and cause them to be proud of it 54 they are,” chen said. zhai added, “during the 2009 olympic games, the whole world will see the new appearance of our 55 century young generation with new school uniforms.” 36. a. take b. feel c. to take d. to feel 37. a. remains b. rememberc. reminds d. recalls38. a. at all b. in all c. for all d. after all39. a. not to wearb. to wear c. not wear d. wear40. a. large b. larger c. small d. smaller41. a. quantity b. amount c. quality d. unit42. a. as b. like c. for d. with43. a. wishes b. needs c. wants d. hopes44. a. come through b. come up c. come in d. come on45. a. importance b. important c. design d. possibility46. a. like b. possibly c. unlikely d. likely47. a. if b. although c. because d. because of48. a. what b. which c. that d. 49. a. won b. has won c. wins d. had won50. a. few b. little c. much d. many51. a. improve b. develop c. change d. to change52. a. a head b. the head c. head d. head53. a. being seen b. to be seen c. to see d. will be seen54. a. whenever and wherever b. when and where c. what and who d. whatever and whoever55. a. 19th b. 20th c. 21st d. 22nd 参考答案36-40. bcacd 41-45.cadba 46-50.dccab 51-55.ddbac *结束violin prodigies (神童), i learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. most of the great performers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in russia and eastern europe. i asked isaac stern, one of the worlds greatest violinists, the reason for this phenomenon.“it is very clear,” he told me. “they were all jews (犹太人) and jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. they were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” as a result, every jewish parents dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the west. another element in the emergence of prodigies, i found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field and is able to nurture (培育) talent. nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the far east. “in japan, a most competitive society with stronger discipline than ours,”says isaac stern,“children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. when western music came to japan after world war ii, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well.” the koreans and chinese, as we know, are just as highly motivated as the japanese.thats a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. j. s. bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.46. jewish parents in eastern europe longed for their children to attend music school because .a. it would allow them access to a better life in the westb. jewish children are born with excellent musical talentc. they wanted their children to enter into the professional fieldsd. it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country47. nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that .a. enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellenceb. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full developmentc. encourage people to compete with each otherd. promise talented children high positions48. japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to .a. all-round development b. the learning of western musicc. strict training of children d. variety in academic studies49. which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?a. a natural gift. b. extensive knowledge of music-c. very early training. d. a prejudice-free society.50. which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?a. jewish contribution to music.b. training of musicians in the world.c. music and society.d. the making of prodigies参考答案 46-50 a b c a d*结束完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2140各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。girls that eat with their families are less likely to develop eating disorders, a study says. new research shows girls who regularly have 21 meals are much less likely to adopt extreme weight control 22 such as vomiting (呕吐), using laxatives (泻药)or diet pills.a study 23 more than 2500 american high school students found that girls who ate five or more family meals a week had a much healthier 24 with food in later life. the research, 25 in international magazine archives of pediatrics and adolescent medicine, polled students aged 13 to 17 in 1999 who were 26 five years later. regular family meals were found to have a protective effect 27 the girls age, weight, socio-economic status, 28 habits or relationship with her family. experts say doctors should 29 families to have dinner at the table 30 on the couch in front of the television to _31_serious eating disorders.belinda dalton, director of eating disorders clinic the oak house, said 32 with family helped normalize(正常化) young peoples relationship with food.when the young are feeling that theyre not dealing properly, they 33 something that they can control and food is something 34 and accessible for them to control. 35 , if theyre sitting with their family on a regular basis then their family can be more in 36 of their eating, ms dalton said. its about young people feeling 37 their family and that builds self-esteem (自尊) and sense of 38 and that works very actively against someone developing an eating disorder.an eating disorders expert, kirsty greenwood, said meal times were often difficult for sufferers. its typical that they feel very 39 of their eating habits and often wont eat with other people. perhaps its because they havent 40 the importance of the family meal in their growing up, she said. 21. a. personal b. public c. family d. free 22. a. behaviors b. measures c. progress d. development23. a. promoting b. surveying c. impressing d. delivering24. a. relationship b. terms c. company d. communication25. a. reported b. suggested c. published d. announced26. a. kept up b. followed up c. broken up d. taken up27. a. in terms of b. because of c. regardless of d. in honor of28. a. dieting b. acting c. speaking d. working29. a. discourage b. stimulate c. encourage d. teach30. a. apart from b. more than c. other than d. instead of 31. a. come to terms with b. keep track of c. keep away from d. get out of32. a. chatting b. cooking c. eating d. functioning33. a. find b. turn to c. ask for d. require34. a. available b. reliable c. reasonable d. responsible35. a. therefore b. however c. clearly d. though36. a. habit b. control c. convenience d. ease37. a. connected with b. associated to c. related with d. linked to38. a. cost b. expense c. delight d. worth39. a. ashamed b. proud c. confident d. self-esteem40. a. experienced b. accepted c. profited d. urged21. c 根据句意和文章内容可知，此处应该是与家人一起吃饭。22. a 这里用behaviors指下面提到的“呕吐、吃泻药或减肥药”这些行为表现。23. b 这里用survey的现在分词作定语，表示“采访，调查”。24. a这里表示人与食物一种更健康的关系，因此选a。下文“said 32 with family helped normalize(正常化) young peoples relationship with food.”有暗示25. c 此项研究成果“刊登”在儿科与青少年医学档案国际期刊上。26. b这里用follow up表示“跟踪调查”。27. c从语境看，这里用regardless of表示“不考虑，不管”，句意为：这与女孩的年龄、体重、社会经济地位、饮食习惯以及与家人的关系都无关。28. a从全文内容看，这里讲的话题是“饮食习惯”。29. c大夫应该鼓励人们都到餐桌上吃饭。30. d此处为状语，故用instead of“代替、而不”。 31. c本题选c表示“避开”，而take back意为“取回、拿回”；hold back意为“抑制、阻碍”；keep out of意为“阻止的进入”。32. c全文叙述的是与家人一起“就餐”。33. b这里用turn to表示“转向”，句意为“当青少年遇到烦恼时，他们会去寻求一些他们能控制的东西”。34. a表示孩子会求助于可以利用的东西，故选available。35. c这里表示“显然，很明显”，因此选c。36. b意为“对饮食习惯的一种控制能力”。37. a和家人在一起吃饭可以使他们感到与家人的关系。四个选项只有a项搭配和含义正确，符合语境。related应与to搭配；associated应与with搭配；linked应与with搭配。38. d培养孩子的“自尊和自我价值感”，sense of worth“自我价值感”。39. a句意为“他们会为自己不正常的饮食习惯感到十分羞愧”，故用ashamed“羞愧”。40. a这里用experience表示“体验”：这是因为他们在成长过程中没体会过与家人一起吃饭的重要性”，说明孩子不愿与家人一起吃饭的原因。*结束 athis is the age of being busy. many of us live in busy places and have busy lives.even the roads are busy as we try to get from here to there.adults are busy going to jobs and taking care of their families.kids are busy，too，going to school and doing lots of homework after school and on weekends.being busy isnt bad，necessarily.if youre not busy enough you might be bored.but if youre too busy，you might break down.for instance，if you have a soccer game that runs late on a school night and you havent eaten dinner or done your homework.thats a notsofun kind of busy.we wanted to know what kids thought，so we did a kids poll about being busy with 882 girls and boys aged 9 to 13.almost all of them said they felt stressed because they were too busy.about half said they felt this way once in a while or some of the time.but 17%said they felt this way most of the time and 24% said they felt like this all the time! oh dear，thats no fun.only 4% of kids said they wanted less free time and 18%said they already had just t