高考英语二轮复习 单项填空专题 核核心考点四 形容词和副词（含解析）.doc

核心考点四形容词和副词使表达更准确、生动 【考向聚焦】往年考查的重点是形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法。近三年来考点开始涉及多个形容词作前置定语的排列顺序、形容词及形容词短语作状语，形容词和副词的词义比较和具体运用。要复习好这一块的知识，考生不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识，还要掌握同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。1(2013福建，31)those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy _ priced bikes.acompetitively brecentlycreasonably daffordably解析考查副词辨析。a项“具竞争性地”；b项“最近”；c项“合理地，理性地，相当”；d项“不太昂贵地”。根据those poor and needy teenagers(那些贫穷的青少年)可知，那个商店定价不太昂贵，故答案选d。答案d2(2013安徽，33)its said that the power plant is now_large as what it was.atwice as bas twicectwice much dmuch twice解析考查比较级倍数表达句型。句型为：倍数as形容词、副词原级as比较对象。故选a。答案a3(2013湖北，29)dont defend him any more.its obvious that he_destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.aaccidentally bcarelesslycdeliberately dclumsily解析考查副词辨析。句意：不要再坦护他了。他显然是故意破坏花园栅栏的，而且没有道歉。答案c4(2013江西，24)what a terrible experience！_，youre safe nowthats the main thing.aanyway bbesides cotherwise dtherefore解析考查副词。考查副词。a项“不管怎样”；b项“而且”；c项“否则”；d项“因此”。 句意：多么可怕的经历！不管怎样，现在你是安全的，这才是主要的。可知答案为a。答案a5(2013江西，26)there are a small number of people involved，possibly _ twenty.aas few as bas little ascas many as das much as解析考查比较级句型。句意表达人很少，少达20人。people为可数名词，故使用few来替代，故选a。答案a6(2013辽宁，33)this is by far_movie that i have ever seen.aan inspiring ba much inspiringcthe most inspiring dthe more inspiring解析考查形容词比较等级。根据标志性词语by far及i have ever seen可知此处使用最高级。句意：这是迄今为止我所看过的最具激励性的电影。答案c7(2013浙江，2)mary worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a fulltime job with the company.apessimistic btemporary cprevious dcautious解析考查形容词辨析。a项“悲观的”； b项“临时的”； c项“先前的”； d项“谨慎的”。根据语境词fulltime可知选b。答案b8(2013浙江，18)if what your friend comes up with surprises you，dont reject it immediately._，imagine that it is true.athus bbesides crather dotherwise解析考查副词辨析。a项“那么，因此”； b项“而且”；c项“更确切地说；还不如说，相反”； d项“否则”。句意：如果你朋友想出的主意让你感到惊奇，不要立刻就反对，还不如设想它是正确的。故选c。答案c9(2013安徽，30)david is_animal fur, so he wont visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.acurious about ballergic tocsatisfied with dfond of解析考查形容词辨析。根据后句“他不愿意去看望任何家里养猫狗的人”可知他对动物皮毛过敏。故选b。答案b10(2013安徽，31)if parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed._，they will learn to take care of themselves.aon the contrary bin a wordcthat is to say dwhats more解析考查副词短语。考查副词性短语。根据前后两句句意，可知后句为递进关系。故选d“而且”。答案d自查自纠表题号12345678910得分考点正误思考我的盲点：我将_。【典例1】 of the two coats，id choose the _ one to spare some money for a book.(2010四川)acheapest bcheapercmore expensive dmost expensive解析从of the two coats可知用比较级。答案b【典例2】 speaking of all the songs he has written，i think this is probably his _ one.(2013全国)abetterknown bwellknowncbestknown dmostknown解析根据语境all the songs he has written可知用最高级。答案c1the businessman boasts to me that i cant find a _ gold necklace，because his shop deals in the best.agood bbettercbest dworse解析句意：那位商人向我夸耀说我不可能找到比这更好的金项链，因为他的商店卖的是最好的。结合句意可知，此处是“否定式比较级”表达最高级的含义，故选b。答案b2it is generally believed that teaching is _ it is a science.aan art much as bmuch an art ascas an art much as das much an art as解析在同级比较as.as句式中，如果as后面的形容词作定语且其所修饰的名词前有不定冠词时，该冠词要置于形容词之后，即形成“as形容词a/an单数可数名词as”结构。答案d近几年有关比较级的高考试题的特点是：试题考查间接化，即很少出现标志性单词as，than，而是通过设置语境，让考生来判断该用原级、比较级还是最高级，这种命题思路无疑增加了试题难度。【典例3】 after two years research，we now have a _ better understanding of the disease.(2013全国)avery bfar cfairly dquite解析从句中的信息词better可看出是考查比较级前的修饰语。为了突出强调或表示程度，比较级前可用much，far，a little，any，some，a bit，even，still，rather，a lot等词修饰；最高级前可被序数词及much，by far，nearly，almost等词修饰。注意a.very，c.fairly，d.quite不修饰比较级。答案b【典例4】 are you feeling _？yes.im fine now.aany well bany better cquite good dquite better解析本题暗含比较级的用法，即与过去相比，感受如何。其中any修饰比较级。答案b3the film is, i have to say, not a bit interesting.why？its _ than the films i have ever seen.afar more interesting bmuch less interestingcno more interesting dany less interesting解析考查形容词比较级。程度副词far可修饰形容词比较级，置于比较级前。根据前一句语境“这部电影一点也没有趣”可知，后一句意为“为什么？我觉得它比我之前看的那些电影都有趣”。故选a。答案a4youre driving too fast.can you drive _？amore slowly a bit bslowly a bit moreca bit more slowly dslowly more bit解析句意：你开车开得太快了。你能开慢一点吗？more修饰slowly，more slowly意为“更慢”；a bit修饰比较级，表示程度，意为“一点”。答案c考场揭密：近三年常考的形容词ashamed惭愧的accurate精确的(un)acceptable(不)可接受的accessible容易得到的；可进入的amusing好玩的，逗的amazing令人惊异的attractive有吸引力的annoying讨厌的，烦人的anxious担心的；急切的brilliant聪明的brief简略的casual随意的，漫不经心的complicated复杂的curious好奇的delighted高兴的，愉快的discouraged使丧气的determined坚决的，坚定的energetic精力充沛的extraordinary非同寻常的generous慷慨的instructive指导性的，指示性的independent独立的infrequent不经常的instant立即的impatient不耐心的modest谦虚的negative否定的，负面的potential潜在的promising有前途的restrictive限制的ridiculous荒谬的respectable值得尊敬的scientific科学的stressful有压力的technological技术的troublesome麻烦的，捣蛋的urgent紧急的unconcerned不关心的worthless没用的violent暴力的；猛烈的【典例5】 he never wrote _ his first one again.aas good book as bsuch good a book ascso good a book as dsuch good book as解析考查比较等级结构“as/soadj.a(n)单数可数名词as”的用法。在此比较等级结构中，形容词应放在so/as的后面，故答案为c。答案c【典例6】 i have worked with him for some time and have found that he is _ than john.amore efficiently a worker ba more efficient workercmore an efficient worker da worker more efficiently解析考查了在含有than的比较级中名词的位置，即a/an比较级名词。答案b5it was _ that the tourists wanted to spend more time taking pictures outdoors.aso fine weather bsuch fine weathercso fine a weather dsuch a fine weather解析考查了名词的位置。such形容词不可数名词that。句意：天气这么好，以至于游客们想花更多的时间到户外拍照。答案b6much to our relief，his disease turned out to be _ than we had expected.amore serious bas seriouscnot so serious dmuch less serious解析句意：令我非常宽慰的是，他的疾病没有预料的严重。答案d比较结构中放入一个名词时的语序问题常常让人感到棘手，但只要记住了以下句型，问题便能迎刃而解：(1)as/soadj.a/an单数名词ashe is as honest a man as you.(2)a/an比较级adj.单数名词thanthis is a more interesting story than that one.(3)as many复数名词as；as much不可数名词asi can carry as much paper as you can.(4)as much(a/an)名词asit is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为教学既是一种艺术也是一门科学。【典例7】 we used to see each other _，but i havent heard from him since last year.(2012辽宁)aespecially bregularly cparticularly dapproximately解析考查副词辨析。句意：我们原先经常见面，但是从去年开始我就一直没有他的消息了。a“特别，尤其”；b“有规律地，经常”；c“尤其”；d“大约，大概”。答案b【典例8】 after the long journey，the three of them went back home，_.ahungry and tiredly bhungry and tiredchungrily and tiredly dhungrily and tired解析句意：经过长途跋涉之后，他们三人回到了家，又困又饿。表示他们三人到家后所处的状态，故用形容词作状语。答案b关注“形容词作状语”。如果不是修饰谓语动词，而是说明主语所处的状态，这时用形容词而不是副词作状语。he arrived home，cold and hungry.(此句相当于he arrived home，and he was cold and hungry.此处cold and hungry不是修饰谓语动词arrived的，而是说明主语“he”到家时的状态的)he sat there，silent.(此句相当于he sat there and he was silent.)7he looked _ at the news that his favorite team had lost the game and felt _ that martin should have taken part in it.asad；strong bsadly；strongcsad；strongly dsadly；strongly解析句中look指听到消息后所表现出来的情形，为系动词，后面接形容词作表语；feel为行为动词，后面应用副词修饰，故答案为c。答案c8(北京)it was raining heavily.little mary felt cold, so she stood _ to her mother.aclose bclosely cclosed dclosing解析固定短语stand close to sb意为“靠近某人站着”，指具体距离；closely通常表示抽象意义的“密切地，严密地”。句意：天正在下着大雨。小玛丽感到寒冷，因此她靠着母亲站着。答案a考场揭密：近三年常考的副词absolutely当然地automatically自动地aimlessly漫无目的地conveniently方便地continuously持续地cheerfully高兴地equally平等地eventually最终地especially尤其generally大体地，广泛地naturally自然地merely极少地；仅仅personally个人地regretfully后悔地smoothly舒畅地；流利地surprisingly惊奇地unfortunately不幸的大部分形容词加ly可构成副词。但friendly，deadly，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly仍为形容词有些以ly结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early.the times is a daily paper.泰晤士报是一家日报。(daily为形容词)the times is published daily.泰晤士报每天都印刷。(daily为副词)【典例9】 he began to take political science _ only when he left school.(2013湖北)astrictly btruly ccarefully dseriously解析take.seriously重视，认真对待。答案d【典例10】 its hard for him playing against me.ive got nothing to play for，but for him，he needs to win so _.(2013湖南)afar bwell clittle dbadly解析so badly意为“非常急切地”；so far意为“到目前为止”；so well意为“如此好”；so little意为“如此之小或少”。答案d【典例11】 do you need any help，lucy?yes.the job is _ i could do myself.(2013福建)aless than bmore than cno more than dnot more than解析more than表示“超过”。答案b1no more than意为“仅仅，至多”；not more than意为“不多于，不超过”。如：its no more than a mile to the shop.离商店只有一英里。ill stay here not more than three days.我将待在这里不超过三天。2no more.than译为“和一样不”，than前后两部分在意义上都是否定的。not more.than可译为“不如”。如：he is no more diligent than you.你不勤奋，他也不勤奋。he is not more diligent than you.他不像你那样勤奋。9must i turn off the gas after cooking?of course.you can never be _ careful with that.aenough btoo cso dvery解析考查英语中固定句型“cannot/can never be too.”。意为“越越好”或“再也不过分”，所以选b.。句意为“你越小心越好”。答案b10(2012新课标全国)this restaurant wasnt _ that other restaurant we went to.ahalf as good as bas half good ascas good as half dgood as half as解析考查倍数表达法。句意：这家饭店还不如我们以前去的那家饭店的一半好。本句所用到的倍数表达法的结构是“倍数词as.as.”。在此结构中，应把倍数词放在as.as的前面，由此可判断a项正确。答案a11_ students are required to take part in the boat race.aten strong young chinesebten chinese strong youngcchinese ten young strongdyoung strong ten chinese解析a项符合“限定词(ten)描绘性形容词(strong)年龄(young)国籍(chinese)名词”的顺序，故答案为a。答案a口诀：多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。1china is _ country in asia.that is，it is larger than _ country in asia，and it is larger than _ country in africa.aa largest；any other；anyba largest；any；any othercthe largest；any；any otherdthe largest；any other；any解析句意：中国是亚洲最大的国家，比其他任何亚洲国家都大，比非洲任何一个国家都大。中国属于亚洲，不属于非洲，所以第二个空填any other，第三个空填any。答案d2sometimes the same word has _ meaning，which can be _.adifferent slightly；confusedbslight different；confusingcslightly different；confusingddifferent slight；confused解析句意：有时候，同一个单词意义有一点细微的差别，这让人困惑。副词修饰形容词一般前置，“令人困惑的”是用现在分词形式的形容词confusing。答案c3well have to wait a _ two weeks to know the examination result.afarther bfurther cmore dfar解析far的比较级形式有两个：farther和further。further意为“更进一步的”，“更多的”，符合句意。如果用more，要用two more weeks。答案b4chen yifei(19462005)，who died in his _ fifties，was _ successful artist.alater；a most blatest；the mostclate；a most dlatter；the most解析“一位很成功的艺术家”，英语是a most successful artist，most与a连用，相当于very；in ones late fifties意为“在某人六十来岁时”。答案c5visitors from around the world came to this waterside village and were amazed at this _ bridge，which had been hundreds of years old.alittle white stone fine bfine white stone littlecfine white little stone dfine little white stone解析本句中作定语的形容词应按以下顺序排列：性质大小颜色材料。答案d6she is in her _ twenties and the city is still strange to her，_ than the easy streets and gentle hills of her distant home.aearlier；bigger and noisier bearly；as big and noisiercearlier；as big and noisy dearly；bigger and noisier解析in ones early twenties意为“在某人二十出头时”，她现在住的城市比她的家乡城市大但吵闹，故用比较级bigger and noisier。答案d7dont you think jim was brave to go bungee jumping?personally，i thought he was _ brave.amore mad than bso mad ascmad more than dtoo mad as解析句意：吉姆去蹦极你不觉得勇敢吗？我个人认为他是疯了，而不是勇敢。more.than可以将两个不同品质的形容词放在一起比较。答案a8security cameras are restricted to _ spaces，such as hallways and exits.there will be no cameras in classrooms，locker rooms(更衣室)or bathrooms.acommon bprivate cusual dordinary解析usual意为“通常的，惯例的”，指因重复次数多而常见；ordinary意为“普通的，平常的”，指因“不特别”，“平凡”而常见；common意为“共有的，公共的”，指因众人参与而常见；private意为“私密的”。故common最符合句意。答案a9the salesman showed her several mp3s and she chose _ one as she didnt want to spend too much money on it.athe less expensive bless expensivecthe least expensive dleast expensive解析几个mp3中最便宜的，要用最高级表示。expensive为多音节形容词，所以应为th