matlab函数大全.doc

图像处理和图像识别中常用的matlab函数2012年03月28日 星期三 9:42下面仅给出函数的大概意思，详细用法见： help 函数名 或 matlab help1、imread：read image from graphics file；2、imshow：display image in Handle Graphics figure；3、imwrite：write image to graphics file；4、rgb2gray：convert RGB image or colormap to grayscale；5、im2bw：convert image to binary image, based on threshold；6、exist：check existence of variable, function, directory, or class；7、size：size of array，用此函数可以获得图像的高和宽；8、min：smallest elements in array；9、max：largest elements in array；10、fprintf：write data to text file；将信息显示到屏幕上或将数据写到指定的文件中；11、conv2：two dimensional convolution；二维卷积(图像滤波)；12、ones(m, n)：create array of all ones；13、zeros(m, n)：create array of all zeros；14、interp2：2-D data interpolation；二维插值(图像插值)，多和meshgrid一起用；15、meshgrid：generate X and Y arrays for 3-D plots；用于产生网格，将向量区域转换成矩阵；16、clf：clear current figure window；清除当前的图像，图像窗口仍存在；17、pause：halt execution temporarily；暂停；18、figure：create figure graphics object；19、pinv：Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse of matrix；求矩阵的伪逆；20、hold on：holds the current plot and all axis properties so that subsequent graphingcommands add to the existing graph；21、hold off：returns to the default mode whereby PLOT commands erase the previousplots and reset all axis properties before drawing new plots；22、error：display message and abort function；23、isempty：determine whether array is empty；24、close：remove specified figure；25、repmat：replicate and tile an array；26、find：find indices and values of nonzero elements；27、cell：construct cell array；28、atan2： four quadrant inverse tangent；29、prod：product(乘积) of array elements，对于向量返回的是其所有元素的积、对于矩阵返回的是按列向量的所有元素的积，然后组成 一行向量；30、abs：absolute value and complex magnitude；31、disp：Display text or array；32、clear：remove items from workspace, freeing up system memory；33、clc：clear command window；34、delete：delete file or graphics object；35、diary：save text of MATLAB session(a copy of all subsequent command window input and most of the resulting command window output to be appended to the named file)；36、save：saves all workspace variables to the binary MAT-file(disk)；37、rand：uniformly distributed pseudo-random numbers；均匀分布的伪随机数；38、memory：display memory information；39、pack：consolidate workspace memory；40、pwd：displays the current working directory；41、feature(memstats)：可以用来查看内存的使用情况；42、length：length of vector or largest array dimension；43、floor：round towards minus infinity；朝负无穷方向靠近最近的整数；44、ceil：round towards plus infinity；朝正无穷方向靠近最近的整数；45、round：round towards nearest integer；取最近的整数(相当于四舍五入)；46、fix：round towards zero；取离0最近的整数；47、norm：matrix or vector norms(范数)；48、mod：modulus after division；求余数；49、reshape：reshape array；改变指定矩阵的形状，元素个数不变；50、graythresh：global image threshold using Otsus method；51、xor：logical exclusive OR；逻辑异或；52、imopen：morphologically open image；形态学开运算；53、imclose：morphologically close image；形态学闭运算；54、imerode：erode image；图像腐蚀；55、imdilate：dilate image；图像膨胀；56、bwlabel：label connected components in 2-D binary image；57、cpselect：is a graphical user interface that enables you to select control points from two related images；手动在两幅图像中选取配准控制点；它会自动存到两个points 数组里面58、cp2tform：takes pairs of control points and uses them to infer spatial transformation；图象配准一个求坐标转换参数的函数；能修正6种变形；59、imcrop：crops an image to a specified rectangle；图像剪切；60、imresize：resize image；61、imrotate：rotate image；62、imtransform：apply 2-D spatial transformation to image；图像空间变换；多与cp2tform或maketform一 起用；63、maketform：create spatial transformation structure (TFORM)；64、edge：find edges in grayscale image；包括Sobel、Prewitt、Roberts、Laplacian of Gaussian、Zero-cross、Canny；65、cpcorr：tune control point locations using cross-correlation；采用互相关法协调控制点位置，在图像配准中，对已选定的控制点进行微调；66、isnan：array elements that are NaN；67、ischar：determine whether item is character array；68、strcmp：compare strings；69、colstyle：parse color and style from string；70、gcf：get handle to current figure；71、print：print figure or model； save to disk as image or M-file；72、warning：display warning message；disable or enable warning messages；73、nargout：number of function output arguments；74、nargin：number of function input arguments；75、any：determine whether any array elements are nonzero；76、median：median value of array；77、imfinfo：information about graphics file；78、filter2：two-dimensional digital filter；在计算filter2时先将卷积核旋转180度，再调用conv2函数进行计算，其实filter2和conv2是等价的；79、fspecial：create predefined 2-D filters；80、det：matrix determinant(行列式)；81、trace：sum of diagonal(对角线) elements；矩阵的迹；82、plot：2-D line plot；用于在指定位置标注；83、eye：identity matrix(单位矩阵)；84、mean：average or mean value of array；85、exp：exponential(指数)；86、imagesc：scale data and display as image；87、all：determine whether all array elements are nonzero or true；88、sort：sort array elements in ascending or descending order；89、sparse：create sparse matrix；90、set：set Handle Graphics object properties；91、inv：matrix inverse(逆矩阵)；92、drawnow：flush event queue and update figure window；93、rem：remainder after division(取余数)；94、tril：extract lower triangular part of matrix；95、nargchk：validate number of input arguments；96、ordfilt2：2-D order-statistic filtering；97、im2double：convert image to double precision；98、pdist：pairwise distance between pairs of objects；99、version：version number for MATLAB and libraries；100、nargchk：validate number of input arguments；101、isa：determine whether input is object of given class(类型，如：char、int8)；102、varargin：variable length input argument list；103、varargout：variable length output argument list；104、strcmpi：compare strings ignoring case(忽略大小写)；105、ndims：number of array dimensions；106、assert：generate an error when a condition is violated；107、strcmp：compare strings；108、ordfilt2：2-D order-statistic filtering(类似于形态学灰度图像膨胀)；109、eps：floating-point relative accuracy；110、randsample：random sample, with or without replacement；111、feval：execute the specified function；112、dot：vector dot product(向量点积)；113、cross：vector cross product(向量叉积)；114、svd：singular value decomposition(奇异值分解)；115、numel：number of elements in an array or subscripted array expression；116、nnz：number of nonzero matrix elements；可以用来计算某矩阵中某元素的个数；117、wiener2：2-D adaptive noise-removal filtering(二维自适应维纳滤波)；118、medfilt2：2-D median filtering；119、wavedec2：multilevel 2-D wavelet decomposition；120、wrcoef2：reconstruct single branch from 2-D wavelet coefficients；121、wpdencmp：de-noising or compression using wavelet packets；122、adjust：adjust image intensity values or colormap；123、movegui：move a figure window to a specified position on the screen；124、uicontrol：create user interface control；125、waitforbuttonpress：wait for key/buttonpress over figure；126、imhist：display histogram of image data；127、smooth：smooth response data；128、cputime：returns the CPU time in seconds；129、bitset：set bit at specified position；设置数的某一位二进制位为1或0；130、bitget：get bit at specified position；取的数的某一位二进制位(只能是0或1)；131、load：load workspace variables from disk；132、axis：control axis scaling and appearance；133、subplot：create axes in tiled positions；134、uimenu：create user interface menu；135、eval：execute string with MATLAB expression；136、segment：segments data and estimate models for each segment(分割字符)；137、strcat：concatenate strings horizontally；138、num2str：convert numbers to string；139、diff：difference and approximate derivative(导数)；140、imcomplement：complement image(图像反色处理)；141、bwmorph：morphological operations on binary image(二值图像形态学运算)；142、strel：create morphological structuring element；143、regionprops：measure properties of image regions；144、rectangle：create rectangle, rounded-rectangle, or e