江苏省仪征市实验中学九年级英语上册 Unit 4 Growing up Grammar A教案 （新版）牛津版.doc

growing up一 教学目标知识目标 1.了解并掌握时间状语的结构2.如何使用时间状语从句的连接词before, after, when and while.能力目标1.能运用恰当的时间连词谈论生活；二 教学重难点如何用恰当的时间连词谈论生活三 学习与交流before和after引导的时间状语从句1 before是主句动作发生在从句的前面。注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。2 after表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。eg:it will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。 einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。 after you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。 after we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）（一）when, while引导时间状语从句的用法一、when 的用法如果只从现象来看，when 从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制,根据具体情况而定。1. when he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。 2. when she came into my room, i was just reading a book. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。3. were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？根据以上的例句，我们可以总结出一点：when 从句的a事件，相当于另一个事件b发生的时间点。也就是说，when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，所以when 多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。根据这一点，有的文章补充说：when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。这种说法也可以参照。实际上，when 从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。例如：1. when i got to the airport, the guests had left. 当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 2. when he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 二、while 的用法相比于when 来说，while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while 从句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定。例如：1. while my wife was reading the newspaper, i was watching tv. 当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。2. while jim was mending his bike, lin tao came to see him. 正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。3. while they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。4. you cant do your homework while youre watching tv. 你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。 5. while john was sitting biting his nails, i was working out a plan to get us home. 约翰坐在那里咬指甲时，我正在制定一个回家的计划。 从时间的角度来看，while 表示的是一段时间，是一个过程。这是while 的侧重点。因此，如果含有“一段时间”的含义的时候，就可以用while。6. strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。这句话中，是说趁着铁是热的这段时间，赶紧打铁。如果换成 when 意思就变了，相当于说铁只热了一下，打一下，然后铁就冷了。这显然不符合文意。再例：im going to the post office. while youre there, can you get me some stamps? 四 精讲点拨五 达标检测i.词汇1.he was forced_ (leave)the company.2.at last he had the chance_(go)abroad for further study.3.i prefers walking to_(jog)after supper.4.im ready_(take)on new challenges any time.5.i got my_(one)english book when i was only four years old.6.lily spent as much time as she could_(practise)_(speak)english.7.my mother_(cook)meals in the kitchen when the telephone rang.8.while i_(watch)tv, my father was reading the newspaper.9.we should wash our hands before_(have)meals.二、单项选择( )1. he was about to go to bed _ the doorbell rang. a. while b. as c. before d. when( )2. _ john was watching tv, his wife was cooking.a. as b. as soon as c. while d. till( )3._i got back, i found my mother cooking for me. a.when b.before c.since d.although( )4.youd better make a good plan_you take a holiday. a.before b.during c.until d.after( )5.my parents usually take a walk_dinner to keep healthy. a.at b.of c.during d.after( )6.always look around_you cross the street, david. -ok. i know, mum. a.until b.before c.unless d.till( )7.many people dont realize the importance of health_they have fallen ill. a.until b.while c.when d.after( )8.making friends is not easy. sometimes it can take years_you become true friends with someone. a.before b.after c.because d.unless( )9._the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach. a.when b.if c.while d.once( )10.im sorry to keep you waiting so long for marcia,and im afraid itll be ten minutes_she comes back a.before b.after c.until d.sinceii.完成句子1. 当我看电视时，我接到了来自我叔叔的电话。_tv, i_my uncle.2. 科比最后得到了这次机会，并且在这次篮球比赛中获得80分。kobe finally_and_in the basketball