【步步高】（江苏专用）高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 The written word同步导学 牛津译林版选修8(1).doc

【步步高】（江苏专用）2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 1 the written word同步导学 牛津译林版选修8.重点单词识记1abuse /bjuz/ vt.& n虐待；辱骂；滥用2desperate /desprt/ adj.铤而走险的，拼命的，绝望的；非常需要，渴望3vain /vein/ adj.虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的，无结果的4theme /im/ n主题，主题思想；主题音乐5reform /rifm/ vt.& vi.& n(使)改过自新，改造；改革，改良6rescue /reskju/ n& vi.& vt.救援，营救7supreme /suprim/ adj.最高的，至高无上的8reputation /repjtein/ n名誉，名声9debt /det/ n债务，欠款10monument /mnjmnt/ n纪念碑，纪念馆，纪念塑像；古迹11adore /d(r)/ vt.热爱，喜爱，爱慕12spring /spri/ vi.突然出现；跳，蹦；n.春天，春季；泉13characteristic /krktristik/ n特征，特点；adj.典型的，独特的，特有的character n(书写或印刷)文字，符号；人物；性格，特点14criminal /kriminl/ n罪犯；adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的crime n罪，罪行15tension /tenn/ n紧张气氛；紧张，烦躁；矛盾，对立tense adj.令人紧张的；神经紧张的；绷紧的，不松弛的16generous /denrs/ adj.慷慨的，大方的；宽厚的，仁慈的generously adv.慷慨地；大方地generosity n慷慨，大方；宽宏大量17violent /vailnt/ adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，强烈的violence n暴力，暴行18threat /ret/ n威胁，恐吓threaten vt.威胁，恐吓19resist /rizist/ vi.& vt.反抗，抵制，抵挡resistant adj.抵制的；抵抗的；有抵抗力的resistance n反对，抵制，抵抗20reunite /rijunait/ vt.& vi.(使)重逢，再相聚；(使)再结合，再联合unite vi.& vt.联合，团结；统一united adj.联合的，团结的，统一的.重点短语识记1have nothing to do with与无关2come out出版，发行；结果为3at a time一次4be set in以为背景5bent on (doing) sth.决心做某事(通常指坏事)6on the run躲避；忙碌，不停地奔波7live up to达到，符合(期望)8worn out破烂不堪的，废旧的；筋疲力尽的9come to ones rescue救援某人，帮助某人10touch on谈及，涉及11be intended to be/do sth.目的是作为某物，目的是做某事12o.把分成13no different并无不同14compare.to.把比作15in tune音调准确；演奏合调.经典原句默写与背诵1pips sister often abuses him，but joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to pip.皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个善良、淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。2he learns that wealth does not buy happiness and that friends are more important than a fancy education.他认识到财富买不到幸福，朋友比华而不实的教育更重要。3all that you find on the internet is not useful.你在因特网上找到的并不都是有用的。4up it flew，higher and higher，until it was a small dot in the sky.它越飞越高，直到在空中变成一个小点。5holding it in his hands，he sat down on the old bench and waited.他在旧凳子上坐了下来，手里拿着球，等着。1the library being built now is intended(intend) for children who are from 6 to 12 years old.2he had already known the secret because i couldnt resist(resistant) telling him the secret.3the room was filled with tension(tense) as students waited for the test to begin.4children shouldnt be allowed to watch violent(violence) movies.5it was generous(generously) of her to contribute such a large sum of money to the project hope.6had jim not dived in to rescue(营救) him，the boy would have drowned.7i have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem，but in vain(徒劳的)8this restaurant has a very good reputation(名声)9mr.smith was accused of abusing(虐待) his child last month.10the law needs to be reformed(改革)1be generous of sb.to do.某人做真大方be generous to sb.对某人大方be generous with money(用钱)大方the gift is generous by any standards.无论以哪个标准来衡量，这都是一份厚礼。he was always generous in sharing his enormous knowledge.他从不吝啬与人分享自己渊博的知识。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)thats very generous of you.(2)he is generous to the poor.(3)she is generous in donating her money to help others.(4)the young man is generous with his money.2in vain白白地；徒劳in trouble处于困境中in danger处于危险中 in reality 实际上in fact实际上 in fashion时髦in charge负责 in advance提前in order有秩序but he and others have not done so in vain.不过他和其他人的行动不是徒劳的。夯实基础翻译句子所有那些他付出的努力都是徒劳无果的。all the efforts he invested were in vain.3resist doing抵制做resist the temptation抵制诱惑cant resist doing.忍不住做be resistant to耐的；对有抵抗力的students should resist the temptation to focus on exams alone.学生们应当抵制诱惑，集中精力备考。夯实基础(1)翻译句子她忍不住给他提建议。she cannot resist giving him advice.(2)用所给词的适当形式填空i couldnt resist telling (tell) him the secret.he was unable to resist the temptation (tempt) of taking the wallet.4rescue sb./sth.from sth.从中营救go/come to ones rescue去/来救某人we were about to close down the business，but the bank went/came to our rescue with a huge loan.我们几乎要停业，但银行借出了一大笔钱救了我们。rescuers searched the rubble for survivors.救援人员在瓦砾中搜寻幸存者。词义辨析rescue，save(1)rescue意为“营救，救援”，指从危险中迅速有效地援救、抢救，一般指人，也指抢救东西不致毁坏。(2)save意为“拯救，救出”，是普通用语，指使受害者或物摆脱危险，使其保存或生存下来。夯实基础用rescue，save的适当形式填空(1)we are informed that more firefighters will be sent there to rescue the victims.(2)actually，it was a young policeman that saved his daughters life.5in debt欠债out of debt不欠债in debt to sb.欠某人的债；受某人的恩惠get/run into debt负债i owe a debt of thanks to joyce thompson，whose careful and able research was of great help.我要衷心地感谢乔伊斯汤普森先生，他严谨而卓著的研究给予了我极大的帮助。夯实基础(1)翻译句子都3年了，他仍在偿还债务。three years later，he is still paying off his debts.(2)用适当的介词填空how can i accumulate enough cash to get out of debt?we were poor but we never got into debt.6intend to do/doing sth.打算、意图做某事intend sb.to do sth.意图让某人做某事be intended for/to do.旨在，预定用途；为打算的had intended to do. intended to have done.本打算做she intends to do a levels and go to university.她计划先参加高级考试，然后去读大学。this book is intended for children.这本书是供孩子们用的。夯实基础同义句改写(1)they intended that the plan should be put into practice within this year.(改为简单句)they intended the plan to be put into practice within this year.(2)peter had intended to take a job in business，but abandoned that plan after the unpleasant experience in canada in 2010.(用不定式的完成时改写句子)peter intended to have taken a job in business，but abandoned that plan after the unpleasant experience in canada in 2010.单项填空1a large crowd surrounding the vehicle，on top of which was gaddafis bloodied body，jumped and sang，“the blood of the martyrs(烈士) will not go .”ain total bin vaincin return din reality答案b解析引号部分意为“烈士的血不会白流”。in vain白白地，符合句意。2all the visitors were from the burning hostel and the two injured were by doctors from a nearby hospital.asaved；rescued brescuing；savedcrescued；saved dsaving；saved答案c解析rescue意为“营救，救援”，指从危险中迅速有效地援救、抢救，一般指人，也指抢救东西不致毁坏；save意为“拯救，救出”，是普通用语，指使受害者或物摆脱危险，使其保存或生存下来。故选c项。3the film for children turned out to be welcome by people of different ages.aused bintendedcusing dintending答案b解析首先根据句意排除a、c两项；the film与intend从逻辑关系上是被动的，故排除表主动关系的d项。intended for children为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the film。故选b项。4her brother to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order.adeclared bthreatenedcwarned dclaimed答案b解析句意为：当她不服从哥哥的命令时，她哥哥就威胁说要把她单独留在黑暗的房子里。threaten威胁，恫吓，符合句意。5dont be .things will soon pick up and we havent been driven to .adesperate；desperate bdesperate；desperationclose heart；desperation dhopeless；desperate答案b解析因为be动词后应用形容词，介词to后用名词，所以选b项。6it has been revealed that some government leaders their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.aemploy btakecabuse doverlook答案c解析abuse滥用，妄用(权力等)；(不当地)使用。句意为：一些政府领导被揭露滥用职权，非法牟利。employ雇用，使用；take拿，取；overlook俯瞰，眺望，忽略。7he is in good health，so he is able to disease.aresist bcausecget into dsuffer from答案a解析句意为：他身体健康，所以能抵抗疾病。resist抵抗，符合句意。cause导致；get into陷入；suffer from遭受。.汉译英1看到她躺在床上腿上缠着绷带，我们为她难过，希望她早日康复。(wrap)(2011北京情景作文)seeing her lying in bed with her leg wrapped in bandages，we felt sorry for her and hoped that she would recover soon.2使我们惊讶的是，大多数中国母亲反对作者的教育方法。(author)(2011广东，基础写作)to our surprise，most of the chinese mothers are against the authors method of education.1these issues were touched on in chapter 2.2the show lived up to all our expectationsit was wonderful.3i really cant put up with her.it seems that she is bent on making everything difficult for me.4one of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his rescue.5my first novel came out while i was at college.1go for a run 跑步in the long run从长远来看；终究in the short run从短期来看；不久make a run for朝跑去at a run跑着weve got the enemy on the run now.现在我们已逼得敌人逃窜。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)bigger changes are possible in the long run.(2)when the police arrived he made a run for the door.(3)i had to eat lunch on the run.(4)jack set off at a run.2live out实现；实践live with忍受，容忍live on sth.以为生live through经历lead a.life过着的生活live by doing sth.靠做某事赚钱为生(或获取所需)he failed to live up to his parents expectations.他辜负了父母的期望。夯实基础用适当的介、副词填空(1)you have to learn to live with stress.(2)the money enabled them to live out their dreams.(3)small birds live mainly on insects.(4)he has lived through two world wars.3be in touch (with)(和)有接触，联络keep/get in touch (with)保持联络；不落后lose (be out of) touch with和失去(中断)联系，对的情况生疏his talk did not touch on the housing problem.他的谈话没有提及住房问题。夯实基础完成句子(1)he didnt touch on (没有提到)the issue of immigration.(2)its rather hard to keep in touch with (不落后于) the latest technology.单项填空1people in the north chiefly wheat.alive；on beat；onclive；by dhave；with答案a解析live on以为主食，以为生，on后的宾语多为rice，wheat，potatoes，money，salary，rent等；live by是指通过某种方法、手段来谋生。2he was suddenly by a strange sense of panic.atouched bthankedcmade dfelt答案a解析句意为：他突然感到一种莫名的恐慌。be touched by受的影响，符合句意。3he will lose money .ain the short runbin the long runcon the rundon run答案b解析in the long run从长远来看，符合题意。.汉译英短期来看，这是个好消息。(in the short run)in the short run this is good news.根据题目后面的要求完成句子1he is unhappy today，isnt he? (完成反意疑问句)2all of us didnt come to the meeting.(改为全否定)none of us came to the meeting.3he didnt go until i came back.(用强调句型强调until部分)it was not until i came back that he went.4你怎么小心也不过分。(翻译句子)you can never be careful enough.5这公园美得无法形容。(翻译句子)the beauty of the park is more than words can describe.pips sister often abuses him，but joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm come to pip.皮普的姐姐经常辱骂他，但乔却是一个善良、淳朴的人，他宁愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何伤害。(1)would rather do.than do.宁愿也不愿(2)“would rather动词原形”是英语中常见的一个句式，意为“宁可；宁愿；最好”。后接宾语从句时，从句谓语用虚拟语气：表示一个现在或将来的愿望，谓语用一般过去时；表示一个过去的愿望，谓语用过去完成时。(3)other than除了，除以外，常用于否定句中，相当于except，but等。(4)rather than 宁可也不；而不是；与其倒不如，用于连接两个并列成分。(5)prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿而不愿(6)or rather更确切地说id rather work in the countryside.我宁可在农村工作。夯实基础完成句子id rather you came tomorrow (你明天来).单项填空1he would rather lectures to the students than to different boring conferences.ato give；be invited bgive；be invitedcgiving；be invited dgiving；being invited答案b解析would rather后跟动词原形，than后的内容与前面为平行结构。2its the test system， the teachers，that is to blame for the heavy burden of middle school students.aother than bor rathercrather than dmore than答案c解析句意为：是考试制度而不是教师们应对当前中学生课业负担过重的问题负责。rather than而不是，符合句意。other than除了；or rather更确切地说，倒不如说；more than多于，超过，不仅仅。3of all the speeches delivered in this contest today， was more impressive than “extend the passion” by the student from class 18.afew bnothing cno one dnone答案d解析句意为：在今天这场比赛中的所有演讲里，没有比来自18班的那个学生的“extend the passion”更令人印象深刻的了。noneno前面的名词，在本句中noneno speech，符合句意。few不用于此结构中；nothing没有任何东西；no one没人。4you be hungry alreadyyou had lunch only two hours ago!awouldnt bcantcmustnt dneednt答案b解析句意为：你不可能已经饿了你两个小时前才吃的午饭！cant不可能，符合题意。mustnt意为“绝对不能，禁止”。5do you think we should put an ad in the paper for the lost child?yes， .athats all right bby all meanscit just depends dnever mind答案b解析by all means常出现在交际用语的答语中，用来回答对方的观点或建议，表示“当然可以，没有问题”。.汉译英我决定写信而不是打电话。(rather than)i decided to write rather than (to) telephone.1he didnt selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle.instead，he made a contribution to help the community.(2013湖北，28)acommercial bgenerousccomparable dprofitable答案b解析句意为：他没有自私地将从叔叔那里继承来的钱据为己有，相反，他为帮助社区做出了慷慨的奉献。a项意为“商业的”；b项意为“大方的，慷慨的”；c项意为“可比较的，比得上的”；d项意为“有利可图的”。由句意知正确答案为b项。2john，when shall we meet again，thursday or friday? .ill be off to london then.(2012重庆，21)aeither bneithercboth dnone答案b解析根据答语中的关键信息“ill be off to london then.”可知答话者那时已离开，不可能再相见了，故需排除表肯定的a、c两项；而问句问的是两天，故需否定两者，可排除d项；neither用于否定两者，符合题意。3all the photographs in this book，